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Under Secretary Of The Treasury For International Affairs
The Under Secretary of the Treasury for International Affairs is a high-ranking position within the United States Department of the Treasury that reports to, advises, and assists the Secretary of the Treasury and the Deputy Secretary of the Treasury on international economic issues and is often referred to as the U.S. Treasury’s top economic diplomat. The Under Secretary leads the development and implementation of policies in the areas of international finance, trade in financial services, investment, economic development, international debt. It also leads the development of policies on U.S. participation in the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank, and the other multilateral development banks (including the Inter-American Development Bank, the African Development Bank, the Asian Development Bank, and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development). The Under Secretary also coordinates international economic policies with the G7 and G20. Overview The Office of Int ...
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United States Department Of The Treasury
The Department of the Treasury (USDT) is the Treasury, national treasury and finance department of the federal government of the United States. It is one of 15 current United States federal executive departments, U.S. government departments. The department oversees the Bureau of Engraving and Printing and the United States Mint, U.S. Mint, two federal agencies responsible for printing all paper currency and minting United States coinage, coins. The treasury executes Currency in circulation, currency circulation in the domestic fiscal system, Tax collector, collects all taxation in the United States, federal taxes through the Internal Revenue Service, manages United States Treasury security, U.S. government debt instruments, Bank regulation#Licensing and supervision, licenses and supervises banks and Savings and loan association, thrift institutions, and advises the Federal government of the United States#Legislative branch, legislative and Federal government of the United Stat ...
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European Bank For Reconstruction And Development
The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, shortened to EBRD ( French: ''Banque européenne pour la reconstruction et le développement'' or ''BERD''), is an international financial institution founded in 1991 in Paris. As a multilateral developmental investment bank, the EBRD uses investment as a tool to build market economies. Initially focused on the countries of the former Eastern Bloc it expanded to support development in more than 30 countries from Central Europe to Central Asia. Similar to other multilateral development banks, the EBRD has members from all over the world (North America, Africa, Asia and Australia, see below), with the biggest single shareholder being the United States, but only lends regionally in its countries of operations. Headquartered in London, the EBRD is owned by 75 countries and two European Union institutions, the newest shareholder being Nigeria since February 2025. Despite its public sector shareholders, it invests in private ente ...
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George W
George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is an American politician and businessman who was the 43rd president of the United States from 2001 to 2009. A member of the Bush family and the Republican Party (United States), Republican Party, he is the eldest son of the 41st president, George H. W. Bush, and was the 46th governor of Texas from 1995 to 2000. Bush flew warplanes in the Texas Air National Guard in his twenties. After graduating from Harvard Business School in 1975, he worked in the oil industry. He later co-owned the Major League Baseball team Texas Rangers (baseball), Texas Rangers before being elected governor of Texas 1994 Texas gubernatorial election, in 1994. Governorship of George W. Bush, As governor, Bush successfully sponsored legislation for tort reform, increased education funding, set higher standards for schools, and reformed the criminal justice system. He also helped make Texas the Wind power in Texas, leading producer of wind-generated electricity in t ...
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John B
John Bryn Williams (born 1977), known as John B, is an English disc jockey and electronic music producer. He is widely recognised for his eccentric clothing, wild hair, and his production of several cutting edge drum and bass tracks. John B ranked number 76 in '' DJ Magazine''s 2010 Top 100 DJs annual poll, announced on 27 October 2010. Career Williams was born on 12 July 1977 in Maidenhead, Berkshire. He started producing music around the age of 14, and now is the head of drum and bass record label Beta Recordings, together with its more specialist drum and bass sub-labels Nu Electro, Tangent, and Chihuahua. He also has releases on Formation Records, Metalheadz and Planet Mu. Williams was ranked 92nd drum and bass DJ on the 2009 '' DJ Magazine'' top 100. Style While his trademark sound has evolved through the years, it generally involves female vocals and trance-like synths (a style which has been dubbed "trance and bass", "trancestep" and "futurestep" by listeners). Hi ...
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Timothy Geithner
Timothy Franz Geithner (; born August 18, 1961) is an American former central banker who served as the 75th United States secretary of the treasury under President Barack Obama from 2009 to 2013. He was the President of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York from 2003 to 2009, following service in the Clinton administration. Since March 2014, he has served as president and chairman of Warburg Pincus, a private equity firm headquartered in New York City. As President of the New York Fed and Secretary of the Treasury, Geithner had a key role in government efforts to recover from the 2008 financial crisis and the Great Recession. At the New York Fed, Geithner helped manage crises involving Bear Stearns, Lehman Brothers, and the American International Group; as Treasury Secretary, he oversaw allocation of $350 billion under the Troubled Asset Relief Program, enacted during the previous administration in response to the subprime mortgage crisis. Geithner also managed the administration' ...
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David Lipton
David Lipton (born November 9, 1953) is an American economist who served as the Acting Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund from July 2, 2019, following Christine Lagarde's nomination as President of the European Central Bank, until Kristalina Georgieva was appointed in the office on October 1, 2019. Prior to this, Lipton had been serving as the IMF's First Deputy Managing Director since September 2011. Lipton has been featured in, and interviewed by, numerous publications including ''The Financial Times'', ''Euromoney'', ''Bloomberg News'', and ''The Guardian''. Life and work David Lipton was born on November 9, 1953, in Boston, Massachusetts, and received an undergraduate degree from Wesleyan University in 1975, followed by a PhD in economics from Harvard University in 1982, under the supervision of Jeffrey Sachs. He then started working for the International Monetary Fund, after which he joined Jeffrey Sachs advising governments of transition economies, such as R ...
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Jeffrey R
Jeffrey may refer to: * Jeffrey (name), including a list of people with the name * Jeffrey's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada * Jeffrey City, Wyoming, United States * Jeffrey Street, Sydney, Australia * Jeffreys Bay, Western Cape, South Africa Art and entertainment * ''Jeffrey'' (play), a 1992 off-Broadway play by Paul Rudnick * ''Jeffrey'' (1995 film), a 1995 film by Paul Rudnick, based on Rudnick's play of the same name * ''Jeffrey'' (2016 film), a 2016 Dominican Republic documentary film * Jeffrey's sketch, a sketch on American TV show ''Saturday Night Live'' *'' Nurse Jeffrey'', a spin-off miniseries from the American medical drama series ''House, MD'' People with the surname * Alexander Jeffrey (1806–1874), Scottish solicitor and historian * Carol Jeffrey (1898–1998), English psychotherapist, writer *Charles Jeffrey (footballer) (died 1915), Scottish footballer *E. C. Jeffrey (1866–1952), Canadian-American botanist *Grant Jeffrey (1948–2012), Canadian writer * ...
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Bill Clinton
William Jefferson Clinton (né Blythe III; born August 19, 1946) is an American politician and lawyer who was the 42nd president of the United States from 1993 to 2001. A member of the Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party, he previously served as the attorney general of Arkansas from 1977 to 1979 and as the governor of Arkansas from 1979 to 1981, and again from 1983 to 1992. Clinton, whose policies reflected a centrist "Third Way" political philosophy, became known as a New Democrats (United States), New Democrat. Born and raised in Arkansas, Clinton graduated from Georgetown University in 1968, and later from Yale Law School, where he met his future wife, Hillary Clinton, Hillary Rodham. After graduating from law school, Clinton returned to Arkansas and won election as state attorney general, followed by Governorships of Bill Clinton, two non-consecutive tenures as Arkansas governor. As governor, he overhauled the state's education system and served as Chai ...
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Lawrence Summers
Lawrence Henry Summers (born November 30, 1954) is an American economist who served as United States Secretary of the Treasury from 1999 to 2001 and as the director of the National Economic Council from 2009 to 2010. He also served as president of Harvard University from 2001 to 2006,"Historical Facts"
Harvard University, retrieved March 31, 2017
where he is the Charles W. Eliot University Professor and director of the Mossavar-Rahmani Center for Business and Government at .Summers, Lawrence H. and John A. Haig

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George H
George may refer to: Names * George (given name) * George (surname) People * George (singer), American-Canadian singer George Nozuka, known by the mononym George * George Papagheorghe, also known as Jorge / GEØRGE * George, stage name of Giorgio Moroder * George, son of Andrew I of Hungary Places South Africa * George, South Africa, a city ** George Airport United States * George, Iowa, a city * George, Missouri, a ghost town * George, Washington, a city * George County, Mississippi * George Air Force Base, a former U.S. Air Force base located in California Computing * George (algebraic compiler) also known as 'Laning and Zierler system', an algebraic compiler by Laning and Zierler in 1952 * GEORGE (computer), early computer built by Argonne National Laboratory in 1957 * GEORGE (operating system), a range of operating systems (George 1–4) for the ICT 1900 range of computers in the 1960s * GEORGE (programming language), an autocode system invented by Charles L ...
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Exchange Stabilization Fund
The Exchange Stabilization Fund (ESF) is an emergency reserve fund of the United States Treasury Department, normally used for foreign exchange intervention. This arrangement (as opposed to having the central bank intervene directly) allows the US government to influence currency exchange rates without directly affecting domestic money supply. The fund's net position at the end of 2024 was $39billion. Its total assets were $210billion, the difference being largely attributable to $166billion in Special Drawing Rights (SDRs) from the International Monetary Fund. Background The U.S. Exchange Stabilization Fund was established at the Treasury Department by a provision in the Gold Reserve Act of 1934. It was intended as a response to Britain's Exchange Equalisation Account. The fund began operations in April 1934, under director Archie Lochhead and financed by $2billion of the $2.8billion gold surplus the government had realized by devaluing the dollar. The act authorized the ESF t ...
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Committee On Foreign Investment In The United States
The Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS, ) is an inter-agency committee in the United States government that reviews the national security implications of foreign investments in the U.S. economy. CFIUS, led by the U.S. Treasury Secretary, includes members from key government departments such as Defense, State, Commerce, and Homeland Security. Some White House offices, such as the National Security Council, also participate when needed. CFIUS oversees transactions that might give foreign entities control of U.S. businesses. This includes mergers, acquisitions, or takeovers. It also reviews investments in critical technologies, infrastructure, sensitive data, and specific real estate deals. At CFIUS' recommendation, the President may suspend or prohibit transactions deemed threatening to U.S. national security. CFIUS was established in 1975 by President Gerald Ford's , pursuant to Section 721 of the Defense Production Act, initially to study and provid ...
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