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U.S.–Soviet Space Bridge
The US-Soviet Space Bridge was a series of experimental, international telecasts between Soviet and U.S. viewers, performed by group of communication enthusiasts during the late Cold War era. Translated from the Russian word ''telemost'' (literally, "TV bridge"), a space bridge was a public interactive television link between two or more geographically separate and culturally distinct locations, a form of public videoconference. The first space bridge was an arrangement between the Unuson Corporation and Gosteleradio of the USSR for the US Festival, sponsored by computer pioneer Steve Wozniak. On September 5, 1982, a TV-link was established for the first time between the Soviet Union and the United States. On the Soviet side, Joseph Goldin and Yuli Gusman were in charge. On the United States side was the Documentary Guild and producer Mark Warner and associate producer Lester Gray of King Broadcasting. The participants in that space bridge could see each other, ask questions an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Broadcasting
Broadcasting is the data distribution, distribution of sound, audio audiovisual content to dispersed audiences via a electronic medium (communication), mass communications medium, typically one using the electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves), in a :wikt:one-to-many, one-to-many model. Broadcasting began with AM radio, which came into popular use around 1920 with the spread of vacuum tube radio transmitters and radio receiver, receivers. Before this, most implementations of electronic communication (early radio, telephone, and telegraph) were wikt:one-to-one, one-to-one, with the message intended for a single recipient. The term ''broadcasting'' evolved from its use as the agricultural method of sowing seeds in a field by casting them broadly about. It was later adopted for describing the widespread distribution of information by printed materials or by telegraph. Examples applying it to "one-to-many" radio transmissions of an individual station to multiple listeners appeared as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet–Afghan War
The Soviet–Afghan War took place in the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan from December 1979 to February 1989. Marking the beginning of the 46-year-long Afghan conflict, it saw the Soviet Union and the Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan, Afghan military fight against the rebelling Afghan mujahideen, aided by Pakistan. While they were backed by various countries and organizations, the majority of the mujahideen's support came from Pakistan, the United States (as part of Operation Cyclone), the United Kingdom, China, Iran, and the Arab states of the Persian Gulf, in addition to a large influx of foreign fighters known as the Afghan Arabs. American and British involvement on the side of the mujahideen escalated the Cold War, ending a short period of relaxed Soviet Union–United States relations. Combat took place throughout the 1980s, mostly in the Afghan countryside, as most of the country's cities remained under Soviet control. The conflict resulted in the de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1982 In The United States
Events from the year 1982 in the United States. Incumbents Federal government * President of the United States, President: Ronald Reagan (Republican Party (United States), R-California) * Vice President of the United States, Vice President: George H. W. Bush (Republican Party (United States), R-Texas) * Chief Justice of the United States, Chief Justice: Warren E. Burger (Virginia) * Speaker of the United States House of Representatives, Speaker of the House of Representatives: Tip O'Neill (Democratic Party (United States), D-Massachusetts) * Senate Majority Leader: Howard Baker (Republican Party (United States), R-Tennessee) * United States Congress, Congress: 97th United States Congress, 97th Events January * January 1 – Eddie Murphy makes his first appearance on "The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson". * January 7 – The Commodore 64 8-bit home computer is launched by Commodore International in Las Vegas Valley, Las Vegas * January 8 – AT&T agrees ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1982 In Science
The year 1982 in science and technology involved many significant events, listed below. Astronomy * January 17 – Allan Hills A81005, the first lunar meteorite found on Earth, is discovered in the Allan Hills at the end of the Transantarctic Mountains by John Schutt and Ian Whillans during the ANSMET meteorite gathering expedition. * March 10 – Syzygy: all 9 planets align on the same side of the Sun. * October 14 – Halley's Comet: First spotted in the sky after 70 year return. Biology * September – First report of anti-human monoclonal antibody production. Computer science * January 7 – The Commodore 64 8-bit home computer is launched by Commodore International (released in August); it becomes the all-time best-selling single personal computer model. * January 30 – First computer virus, the Elk Cloner, written by 15-year-old Rich Skrenta, is found in the wild. It infects Apple II computers via floppy disk. * July 9 – Sci-fi movie ''Tron'' is the first featur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Social Events
In social psychology, a social event is precisely defined as a social interaction episode characterized by a singular, continuous goal or purpose. This conceptualization views a social event as an atomic unit of social interaction. For example, if a father and a child are coloring, and the father's initial goal is to give son some attention, but shifts to teaching the child the father could start teaching the child to color within the lines. This continuous episode would be considered is split in two distinct social events during to the change in purpose, in accordance with the goal of the activity. Conversely, in abroader usage the term "social event" can encompass any gathering of people for any reason event, activity, or gathering of a group of people for any purpose. The word "event" can refer to any action, and describes a wide variety of activities. Related terms, such as "special event", are also difficult to define. Communication among participants is not necessarily a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Videotelephony
Videotelephony (also known as videoconferencing or video calling) is the use of audio signal, audio and video for simultaneous two-way communication. Today, videotelephony is widespread. There are many terms to refer to videotelephony. ''Videophones'' are standalone devices for video calling (compare Telephone). In the present day, devices like smartphones and computers are capable of video calling, reducing the demand for separate videophones. ''Videoconferencing'' implies group communication.Mulbach et al, 1995. pg. 291. Videoconferencing is used in telepresence, whose goal is to create the illusion that remote participants are in the same room. The concept of videotelephony was conceived in the late 19th century, and versions were available to the public starting in the 1930s. Early demonstrations were installed at booths in post offices and shown at various world expositions. In 1970, AT&T launched the first commercial personal videotelephone system. In addition to videoph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1982 In The Soviet Union
__NOTOC__ Year 198 (CXCVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Sergius and Gallus (or, less frequently, year 951 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 198 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire *January 28 **Publius Septimius Geta, son of Septimius Severus, receives the title of Caesar. **Caracalla, son of Septimius Severus, is given the title of Augustus. China *Winter – Battle of Xiapi: The allied armies led by Cao Cao and Liu Bei defeat Lü Bu Lü Bu (; died 7 February 199), courtesy name Fengxian, was a Chinese military general, politician, and warlord who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty of Imperial China. Originally a subordinate of a minor warlord Ding Yuan, he betrayed a ...; afterward Cao Cao has him executed. By ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Telecommunications In The United States
Communications in the United States include extensive industries and distribution networks in print and telecommunication. The primary telecom regulator of communications in the United States is the Federal Communications Commission. History American inventors and entrepreneurs made substantial contributions to development and commercialization of the radio, telephone, and television. The Internet protocol suite was developed with U.S. government funding. Regulation The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is an independent government agency responsible for regulating the radio, television and phone industries. The FCC regulates all interstate communications, such as wire, satellite and cable, and international communications originating or terminating in the United States. Significant laws in the history of U.S. telecommunications include: * Wireless Ship Act of 1910, the first radio regulations * Mann–Elkins Act of 1910, granting the Interstate Commerce Commissi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Science And Technology In The Soviet Union
Science and technology in the Soviet Union served as an important part of national politics, practices, and identity. From the time of Lenin until the dissolution of the USSR in the early 1990s, both science and technology were intimately linked to the ideology and practical functioning of the Soviet state and were pursued along paths both similar and distinct from models in other countries. Many great scientists who worked in Imperial Russia, such as Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, continued work in the USSR and gave birth to Soviet science. The Soviet government made the development and advancement of science a national priority, emphasizing science at all levels of education and showering top scientists with honours. Very large numbers of engineers graduated every year. Soviet scientists won acclaim in several fields, marked by a highly developed pure science and innovation at the theoretical level, though interpretation and application fell short. They were at the cutting edge of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Television In The Soviet Union
Television in the Soviet Union was owned, controlled and censored by the state. The body governing television in the era of the Soviet Union was the Gosteleradio committee, which was responsible for both the Soviet Central Television and the All-Union Radio. Soviet television production was classified into central ( Soviet Central Television), republican, and regional broadcasting. History On 1 October 1934, Soviet first television receivers were produced. The B-2 had a 3×4-centimetre (1¼×1½-inch) screen and a mechanical raster scan in 30 lines at 12.5 frames per second. On 15 November 1934, Moscow had its first television broadcast, of a concert. On 15 October 1935, the first broadcast of a film was made. After the television laboratory was established at the Moscow radio station, the first Soviet cartoons were made. In 1936, 300 television broadcasts with a total duration of 200 hours were produced.Телевизионное вещание // Большая Совет� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet Union–United States Relations
Relations between the Soviet Union and the United States were fully established in 1933 as the succeeding bilateral ties to those between the Russian Empire–United States relations, Russian Empire and the United States, which lasted from 1809 until 1917; they were also the predecessor to the current bilateral ties between the Russia–United States relations, Russian Federation and the United States that began in 1992 after the end of the Cold War. The relationship between the Soviet Union and the United States was largely defined by mistrust and hostility. The Operation Barbarossa, invasion of the Soviet Union by Nazi Germany, Germany as well as the Attack on Pearl Harbor, attack on the U.S. Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor by Imperial Japan marked the Soviet and American entries into World War II on the side of the Allies of World War II, Allies in June and December 1941, respectively. As the Soviet–American alliance against the Axis powers, Axis came to an end following the A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
