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Tjalkadjara
The Tjalkadjara or Tjalkanti were an indigenous Australian tribe of Western Australia. Country The Tjalkadjara's tribal homelands lay northeast of Laverton as far as Lake Throssell. Their confines were in the vicinity of Darlot to the west, and to the north, around Lake Wells. Norman Tindale estimated their tribal lands as once having covered . Their neighbouring tribes were the Pini on their northeastern and northern flank; the Ngaanyatjarra to the northeast; the Mandjindja and the Nangatadjara east-southeast; the Waljen to their south, and the Kuwarra to their west. Resources The water sources available to the Tjalkadjara were scarce and in good part they had to rely on what they could extract from the roots of eucalyptus. They possessed a mine north of Laverton, at Taralguta, which was rich in solid red ochre that was much prized by other neighbouring tribes, and which formed an important part of their trading with others. History The Tjalkadjara were eventually pushed out ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pini People
The Pini or Nana, or more specifically the Birniridjara, also spelt Piniridjara and Biniridjara, are an Aboriginal Australian people of Western Australia. Country Norman Tindale estimated Pini tribal lands to have encompassed approximately , west of Lake Carnegie and the ephemeral Lake Wells to its south. The land took in Erlistoun Creek and Lake Darlot. Their northern frontier ran as far as Wongawol and Princes Range Alternative names * ''Piniiri'' * ''Piniridjara, Biniridjara'' * ''Pandjanu, Bandjanu'' (a toponym referring to what is known now as Bandya Station) * ''Banjanu'' * ''Tjubun'' * ''Madutjara''. (Nangatadjara exonym An endonym (from Greek: , 'inner' + , 'name'; also known as autonym) is a common, ''native'' name for a geographical place, group of people, individual person, language or dialect, meaning that it is used inside that particular place, group ...). * ''Jabura''. ( Tjalkadjara exonym meaning "northerners.") * ''Birni'' * ''Buranudjara''. (?) * '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indigenous Australian
Indigenous Australians or Australian First Nations are people with familial heritage from, and membership in, the ethnic groups that lived in Australia before British colonisation. They consist of two distinct groups: the Aboriginal peoples of the Australian mainland and Tasmania, and the Torres Strait Islander peoples from the seas between Queensland and Papua New Guinea. The term Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples or the person's specific cultural group, is often preferred, though the terms First Nations of Australia, First Peoples of Australia and First Australians are also increasingly common; 812,728 people self-identified as being of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander origin in the 2021 Australian Census, representing 3.2% of the total population of Australia. Of these indigenous Australians, 91.4% identified as Aboriginal; 4.2% identified as Torres Strait Islander; while 4.4% identified with both groups. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Waljen
The Waljen are an indigenous people of Western Australia, in the Goldfields-Esperance area. Country The Waljen lands in Norman Tindale's estimation covered roughly , taking in the area of Lake Raeside, and extending from Malcolm, Morgans, Laverton, and Burtville. Their southeastern boundary was around Edjudina Soaks. They were also present around Lake Lightfoot and at Lake Carey. Their eastern extension lay beyond Lake Minigwal. In the latter context, their traditional lore also speaks of an important site, not identified, called ''Winbalj.''. History The Waljen seemed to have shifted southwestward towards the end of the 19th century, and by the 1890s they had reached the area south of Kalgoorlie. Alternative name * ''Koara.'' * ''Wonggai-juŋara.''('aggressive men/usurpers'), an exonym used of them by the Maduwongga The Maduwongga (Martu Wangka) are an Aboriginal Australian people of the Goldfields-Esperance region of Western Australia. Language The language spoken by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Department Of Aboriginal Affairs (Western Australia)
The Department of Aboriginal Affairs (Western Australia) is the former government authority that was involved with the matters of the Aboriginal population of Western Australia. Aborigines Protection Board Prior to the creation of the Aborigines Department in 1898, there had been an Aborigines Protection Board, which operated between 1 January 1886 and 1 April 1898 as a Statutory authority. It was created by the ''Aborigines Protection Act 1886'' (WA), also known as the '' Half-caste act'', ''An Act to provide for the better protection and management of the Aboriginal natives of Western Australia, and to amend the law relating to certain contracts with such Aboriginal natives'' (statute 25/1886); ''An Act to provide certain matters connected with the Aborigines'' (statute 24/1889). The Board was replaced in 1898 by the Aborigines Department. Current status The department took its current name in May 2013. On 28 April 2017 Premier Mark McGowan announced that Western Australi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proceedings Of The American Philosophical Society
''Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society'' is a quarterly journal published by the American Philosophical Society since 1838. The journal contains papers which have been read at meetings of the American Philosophical Society each April and November, independent essays sent to the APS by outside scholars, and biographical memoirs of APS Members. References External links * Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society Biodiversity Heritage Library The Biodiversity Heritage Library (BHL) is the world’s largest open access digital library for biodiversity literature and archives. BHL operates as worldwide consortiumof natural history, botanical, research, and national libraries working toge ... * {{HathiTrust Catalog 1838 establishments in the United States Academic journals published by learned and professional societies Publications established in 1838 Quarterly journals ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Australian Institute Of Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander Studies
The Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies (AIATSIS), established as the Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies (AIAS) in 1964, is an independent Australian Government statutory authority. It is a collecting, publishing and research institute and is considered to be Australia's premier resource for information about the cultures and societies of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. The institute is a leader in ethical research and the handling of culturally sensitive material'Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Library, Information and Resource Network (ATSILIRN) Protocols for Libraries, Archives and Information Services', http://atsilirn.aiatsis.gov.au/protocols.php, retrieved 12 March 2015‘'AIATSIS Collection Development Policy 2013 – 2016'’, AIATSIS website, http://aiatsis.gov.au/sites/default/files/docs/about-us/collection-development-policy.pdf, retrieved 12 March 2015 and holds in its collections many unique and irrepla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Exonym
An endonym (from Greek: , 'inner' + , 'name'; also known as autonym) is a common, ''native'' name for a geographical place, group of people, individual person, language or dialect, meaning that it is used inside that particular place, group, or linguistic community in question; it is their self-designated name for themselves, their homeland, or their language. An exonym (from Greek: , 'outer' + , 'name'; also known as xenonym) is an established, ''non-native'' name for a geographical place, group of people, individual person, language or dialect, meaning that it is used only outside that particular place, group, or linguistic community. Exonyms exist not only for historico-geographical reasons but also in consideration of difficulties when pronouncing foreign words. For instance, is the endonym for the country that is also known by the exonym ''Germany'' in English, in Spanish and in French. Naming and etymology The terms ''autonym'', ''endonym'', ''exonym'' and ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ochre
Ochre ( ; , ), or ocher in American English, is a natural clay earth pigment, a mixture of ferric oxide and varying amounts of clay and sand. It ranges in colour from yellow to deep orange or brown. It is also the name of the colours produced by this pigment, especially a light brownish-yellow. A variant of ochre containing a large amount of hematite, or dehydrated iron oxide, has a reddish tint known as "red ochre" (or, in some dialects, ruddle). The word ochre also describes clays coloured with iron oxide derived during the extraction of tin and copper. Earth pigments Ochre is a family of earth pigments, which includes yellow ochre, red ochre, purple ochre, sienna, and umber. The major ingredient of all the ochres is iron(III) oxide-hydroxide, known as limonite, which gives them a yellow colour. * Yellow ochre, , is a hydrated iron hydroxide (limonite) also called gold ochre. * Red ochre, , takes its reddish colour from the mineral hematite, which is an anhydrous iron ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Koara
The Koara people, more recently spelt ''Kuwarra'', are an Aboriginal Australian people living in the Kuwarra Western Desert region of Western Australia. In its fullest extent it would constitute portions of land in the Pilbara, Mid West, and Goldfields-Esperance regions of Western Australia. Most of the present-day Kuwarra may be found in Meekatharra, Cue and Wiluna areas, which are in the Mid West region. Country Norman Tindale calculated that the Koara tribal lands embraced roughly , extending westwards from Mount Morgans and Leonora west to Mount Ida, taking in the areas of Lake Barlee, and Sandstone, and its northwestern boundary was west of Sandstone. The northern limits ran to Gidgee, Mount Sir Samuel and Lake Darlot. The eastern frontier lay around Mount Zephyr. Their western lands were contiguous with those of the Watjarri and Badimaya, and on the east and northeast by those of the traditional Ngaanyatjarra, Martu people and Mantjiltjarra. History of contact ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nangatadjara
The Nangatadjara are an Aboriginal Australian people of Western Australia. Country Nangatadjara lands encompassed, according to Tindale, approximately . Their north-northeastern extension touched the Bailey, Virginia and Newland Ranges. They roamed eastwards of Lake Carey and Burtville and around the Jubilee and Plumridge lake areas, and they were present around Lake Yeo, Rason and the Bartlett Soak. History of contact The Nangatadjara are known to have shifted west to Burtville and Laverton in the last decade of the 19th century. Alternative names * ''Nanggatha.'' * ''Nangandjara, Nganandjara.'' * ''Nangata.'' * ''Wangata.'' * ''Dituwonga.'' * ''Ditu.'' * ''Ngalapita.'' * ''Njingipalaru.'' (Waljen exonym An endonym (from Greek: , 'inner' + , 'name'; also known as autonym) is a common, ''native'' name for a geographical place, group of people, individual person, language or dialect, meaning that it is used inside that particular place, group, ... signifying "differe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Western Australia
Western Australia (commonly abbreviated as WA) is a state of Australia occupying the western percent of the land area of Australia excluding external territories. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean to the north and west, the Southern Ocean to the south, the Northern Territory to the north-east, and South Australia to the south-east. Western Australia is Australia's largest state, with a total land area of . It is the second-largest country subdivision in the world, surpassed only by Russia's Sakha Republic. the state has 2.76 million inhabitants percent of the national total. The vast majority (92 percent) live in the south-west corner; 79 percent of the population lives in the Perth area, leaving the remainder of the state sparsely populated. The first Europeans to visit Western Australia belonged to the Dutch Dirk Hartog expedition, who visited the Western Australian coast in 1616. The first permanent European colony of Western Australia occurred following the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mandjindja
The Mandjindja or Mantjintjarra are an Aboriginal Australian people of Western Australia belonging to the Western Desert cultural bloc. Country According to Norman Tindale's estimate, the Mandjindja's territory extended over roughly , in the sandhill terrain south of the Warburton Range, from a place called ''Papakula''. Their western extension went as far as the Gillen and Throssell lakes. Their southern boundaries lay around Amy Rocks and the Saunders Range. Their eastern confines; lay around Lengama, identified provisorily as somewhere possibly east of the Sydney Yeo Chasm. They took in also ''Wardadikanja'' in the southeast. Language The language of the Mandjindja people is the Mandjindja language. Native title claim The Mandjindja and Ngalia sought recognition of their inherent land rights through the native title claim process in the Federal Court of Australia. A 1996 claim was dismissed. In March 2009 the Mantjintjarra Ngalia claim came a step closer to recognit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
