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Treaty Of Petrópolis
The Treaty of Petrópolis, signed on November 17, 1903, in the Brazilian city of Petrópolis, ended the Acre War between Bolivia and Brazil over the then-Bolivian territory of Acre (today the Acre state), a desirable territory in Bolivia-Brazil border during the contemporary rubber boom. The treaty, drafted by Brazilian foreign affairs minister José Maria da Silva Paranhos, gave Brazil the territory of Acre (191,000 km2), in exchange for over 3,000 km2 of Brazilian territory between the Abunâ and Madeira rivers, a monetary payment of two million British pounds, paid in two installments, and a pledge of a rail-link between the Bolivian city of Riberalta and the Brazilian city of Porto Velho, which would bypass the rapids on the Madeira. The rail line was called the Madeira-Mamoré Railway. It was supposed to go as far as Riberalta, on the Rio Beni, above that river's rapids, but had to stop short at Guajará-Mirim. This was the third such attempt. In the 1870 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madeira-Mamoré Railroad
The Madeira-Mamoré Railroad is an abandoned railroad built in the Brazilian state of Rondônia between 1907 and 1912, during the rubber boom. The railroad links the cities of Porto Velho and Guajará-Mirim. It became known as the "Devil's Railroad" because thousands of construction workers died from tropical diseases and violence. History In 1846, José Augustin Palácios and Rudolf Oscar Kesselring convinced authorities in Bolivia that the best way to secure access to the Atlantic Ocean was through the Amazonas (Brazilian state), Amazon. Bolivia had access to the Pacific Ocean, which was later lost to Chile in the War of the Pacific in 1884, but the lucrative trade routes with the United States and Europe were in the Atlantic. In 1851, the government of the United States became interested in access to Bolivian products (notably natural rubber, rubber), and contracted Lieutenant Lardner Gibbon to study the viability of a rail link between the navigable Amazon River and Boli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Porto Velho
Porto Velho (, ''Old Port'') is the capital (political), capital of the Brazilian States of Brazil, state of Rondônia, in the upper Amazon River basin. The population is 460,434 people (as of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, IBGE 2022 estimation). Located on the border of Rondônia and the state of Amazonas State, Brazil, Amazonas, the town is an important trading center for cassiterite, the mining of which represents the most important economic activity in the region, as well as a transportation and communication center. It is on the eastern shore of the Madeira River, one of the main tributary, tributaries of the Amazon River. It is also Rondônia's largest city, and the largest state capital of Brazil by area. The municipality occupies most of the border between Amazonas and Rondônia, and is both the westernmost and northernmost city in the state. History Officially founded on October 2, 1914, Porto Velho was founded by pioneers around 1907, during the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1903 In Brazil
Events in the year 1903 in Brazil. Incumbents Federal government *President: Francisco de Paula Rodrigues Alves *Vice President: Francisco Silviano de Almeida Brandão Governors * Alagoas: Euclides Vieira Malta (till 12 June), Joaquim Paulo Vieira Malta (from 12 June) * Amazonas: Silvério José Néri * Bahia: Severino Vieira * Ceará: Pedro Augusto Borges * Goiás: José Xavier de Almeida * Maranhão Maranhão () is a States of Brazil, state in Brazil. Located in the country's Northeast Region, Brazil, Northeast Region, it has a population of about 7 million and an area of and it is divided into 217 municipalities. Clockwise from north, it ...: Manuel Lopes da Cunha * List of Governors of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso: Antônio Pedro Alves de Barros, then Antônio Pais de Barros * List of Governors of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais: Francisco Salles * :pt:Lista de governadores do Pará, Pará: Augusto Montenegro * :pt:Lista de governadores da Paraíba, Paraíba: José P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1903 In Bolivia
Events in the year 1903 in Bolivia. Incumbents *President: José Manuel Pando ( PL) * First Vice President: ** Lucio Pérez Velasco ( PL) (until 23 January) ** ''Vacant'' (starting 23 January) * Second Vice President: Aníbal Capriles Cabrera ( PL) Events * 11 November - Treaty of Petrópolis with Brazil Births * 6 February – Augusto Céspedes, journalist and diplomat (d. 1997) * 23 March – Germán Busch, 36th president of Bolivia (d. 1939) * 26 December – Carlos Montenegro, lawyer, politician, and writer (d. 1953) Deaths References 1900s in Bolivia Bolivia Bolivia Bolivia, officially the Plurinational State of Bolivia, is a landlocked country located in central South America. The country features diverse geography, including vast Amazonian plains, tropical lowlands, mountains, the Gran Chaco Province, w ... Years of the 20th century in Bolivia {{Year-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rio Branco, Acre
Rio Branco (, ''White River'') is a Brazilian Municipalities of Brazil, municipality, capital of the state of Acre (state), Acre. Located in the valley of the Acre River in northern Brazil, it is the most populous municipality in the States of Brazil, state, with 387,852 inhabitants, according to 2024 IBGE estimates, almost half the state population. Rio Branco was one of the History of Brazil#Rubber, first settlements to develop in the region, being the westernmost major settlement in the country and the 4th-oldest state capital city in North Region, Brazil, Northern Brazil, after Belém, Manaus and Macapá. In 1913, it became a county. In 1920, it became the capital of the territory of Acre, and in 1962, the state capital. It is the administrative center for the economic, political and cultural region. History The capital of the state of Acre (state), Acre developed from the Natural rubber, rubber plantation founded on December 28, 1882, by migrant settlers from the Nor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minas Gerais
Minas Gerais () is one of the 27 federative units of Brazil, being the fourth largest state by area and the second largest in number of inhabitants with a population of 20,539,989 according to the 2022 Brazilian census, 2022 census. Located in the Southeast Region, Brazil, Southeast Region of the country, it is bordered to south and southwest by São Paulo (state), São Paulo; Mato Grosso do Sul to the west; Goiás and the Federal District (Brazil), Federal District to the northwest; Bahia to the north and northeast; Espírito Santo to the east; and Rio de Janeiro (state), Rio de Janeiro to the southeast. The state's capital and largest city, Belo Horizonte, is a major urban and finance center in Brazil, being the List of largest cities in Brazil#Top 115 most populous cities and state capitals, sixth most populous municipality in the country while its Greater Belo Horizonte, metropolitan area ranks as the List of metropolitan areas in Brazil, third largest in Brazil with just ov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belo Horizonte
Belo Horizonte is the List of largest cities in Brazil, sixth-largest city in Brazil, with a population of around 2.3 million, and the third largest metropolitan area, containing a population of 6 million. It is the List of cities in South America, 13th-largest city in South America and the Largest cities in the Americas, 18th-largest in the Americas. The metropolis is anchor to the Greater Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte metropolitan area, ranked as the List of metropolitan areas in Brazil, third most populous metropolitan area in Brazil and the List of metropolitan areas in the Americas, 17th most populous in the Americas. Belo Horizonte is the capital of States of Brazil, the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil's List of Brazilian states by population, second-most populous state. It is the first planned modern city in Brazil. The region was first settled in the early 18th century, but the city as it is known today was planned and constructed in the 1890s to replace Ouro Preto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
BR-364
BR-364 is an inter-state highway in Brazil connecting the southeast state of São Paulo (state), São Paulo to the western state of Acre (state), Acre. The highway was opened in the 1960s and paved in the 1980s. It has brought economic development and population growth, as well as an unprecedented process of deforestation in the Amazon basin states of Rondônia and Acre. It is also important for the flow of agricultural and livestock production in the states of Rondônia, Mato Grosso and Goiás, for Brazilian domestic consumption and for export, predominately by Port of Santos. Route BR-364 starts in Limeira in São Paulo (state), São Paulo state and runs northwest through Minas Gerais, Goiás, Mato Grosso, Rondônia and Acre (state), Acre to Rodrigues Alves, Acre, Rodrigues Alves, then on to Mâncio Lima on the frontier with Peru. It passes through the cities of Cuiabá (Mato Grosso), Porto Velho (Rondônia) and Rio Branco, Acre, Rio Branco (Acre). The all-weather highway gives ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panama Canal
The Panama Canal () is an artificial waterway in Panama that connects the Caribbean Sea with the Pacific Ocean. It cuts across the narrowest point of the Isthmus of Panama, and is a Channel (geography), conduit for maritime trade between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Lock (water navigation), Locks at each end lift ships up to Gatun Lake, an artificial fresh water lake Above mean sea level, above sea level, created by damming the Chagres River and Lake Alajuela to reduce the amount of excavation work required for the canal. Locks then lower the ships at the other end. An average of of fresh water is used in a single passing of a ship. The canal is threatened by low water levels during droughts. The Panama Canal shortcut greatly reduces the time for ships to travel between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, enabling them to avoid the lengthy, hazardous route around the southernmost tip of South America via the Drake Passage, the Strait of Magellan or the Beagle Channel. Its ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chile
Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in western South America. It is the southernmost country in the world and the closest to Antarctica, stretching along a narrow strip of land between the Andes, Andes Mountains and the Pacific Ocean. Chile had a population of 17.5 million as of the latest census in 2017 and has a territorial area of , sharing borders with Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage to the south. The country also controls several Pacific islands, including Juan Fernández Islands, Juan Fernández, Isla Salas y Gómez, Desventuradas Islands, Desventuradas, and Easter Island, and claims about of Antarctica as the Chilean Antarctic Territory. The capital and largest city of Chile is Santiago, and the national language is Spanish language, Spanish. Conquest of Chile, Spain conquered and colonized the region in the mid-16th century, replacing Incas in Central Chile, Inca rule; however, they Arauco War ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
São Paulo
São Paulo (; ; Portuguese for 'Paul the Apostle, Saint Paul') is the capital of the São Paulo (state), state of São Paulo, as well as the List of cities in Brazil by population, most populous city in Brazil, the List of largest cities in the Americas, Americas, and both the Western Hemisphere, Western and Southern Hemispheres. Listed by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network (GaWC) as an global city, alpha global city, it exerts substantial international influence in commerce, finance, arts, and entertainment. It is the List of largest cities#List, largest urban area by population outside Asia and the most populous Geographical distribution of Portuguese speakers, Portuguese-speaking city in the world. The city's name honors Paul the Apostle and people from the city are known as ''paulistanos''. The city's Latin motto is ''Non ducor, duco'', which translates as "I am not led, I lead." Founded in 1554 by Jesuit priests, the city was the center of the ''bandeirant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Percival Farquhar
Percival Farquhar (1865–1953) was an American investor and financier with extensive interests in Latin America and pre-Soviet Russia, including railways, mines, hotels, and restaurants. Early life Farquhar was born to a wealthy Maryland-Pennsylvania Episcopalian family, with Quaker roots, at York, Pennsylvania in 1865. His father was Arthur B. Farquhar (1838–1925), founder of a large agricultural equipment works at York, which was called the Pennsylvania Agricultural Works (1856–1889) and later the A.B. Farquhar Company (1889–1951). His mother was Elizabeth N. (née Jessop) Farquhar (1837–1918). His grandfather was William Henry Farquhar. Percival attended the York Collegiate Institute, spent two years working in his father's office, and then attended the Sheffield Scientific School of Yale University, where he studied science and engineering. Career as a lawyer, legislator, investor, and financier After Yale he studied law, entered politics, and was elected to th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
