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Torricelli Languages
The Torricelli languages are a family of about fifty languages of the northern Papua New Guinea coast, spoken by about 80,000 people. They are named after the Torricelli Mountains. The most populous and best known Torricelli language is Arapesh, with about 30,000 speakers. They are not clearly related to other Papuan language families; however, attempts have been made to establish external links. The most promising external relationship for the Torricelli family is the Sepik languages. (In reconstructions of both families, the pronouns have a plural suffix ''*-m'' and a dual suffix ''*-p''.) C.L. Voorhoeve (1987) has proposed that they are related to the North Halmahera languages and most of the languages of the Bird’s Head Peninsula, thus forming the easternmost extension of the postulated West Papuan family. History The Torricelli languages occupy three geographically separated areas, evidently separated by later migrations of Sepik-language speakers several centuries ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monumbo Languages
The Monumbo or Bogia Bay languages are a cluster of closely related languages that constitute a branch of the Torricelli language family. They are spoken in a few coastal villages around Bogia Bay of Bogia District, Madang Province in Papua New Guinea. Unlike all other Torricelli branches except for the Marienberg languages, word order in the Bogia languages is SOV, likely due to contact with Lower Sepik-Ramu and Sepik languages. There are three languages: Monumbo (Mambuwan), Ngaimbom and Lilau. Classification They have for several decades been lumped into the Torricelli Torricelli may refer to: People with the surname * Evangelista Torricelli (1608–1647), Italian physicist and mathematician * Robert Torricelli (born 1951), United States politician * Moreno Torricelli (born 1970), Italian football player * Gi ... family 100 km to the west. Foley (2018) and Usher both classify them as Torricelli, based on unpublished comparisons. "No evidence or thiswas ever pre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arapesh Languages
The Arapesh languages are several closely related Torricelli languages of the 32,000 Arapesh people of Papua New Guinea. They are spoken in eastern Sandaun Province and northern East Sepik Province, Papua New Guinea. The Arapesh languages are among the better-studied of Papuan languages and are most distinctive in their gender systems, which contain up to thirteen genders (noun classes) with noun-phrase concordance. Mufian, for example, has 17 noun classes for count nouns plus two extra noun classes, i.e. proper names and place names. (See that article for examples.) Phonology The most notable feature of the Arapesh phoneme inventory is the use of labialization as a contrastive device. Consonants Vowels Arapesh syllables have the structure (C)V(V)(C), though monosyllables always contain coda consonants. Higher central vowels /ɨ ə/ sometimes break up consonant clusters in the middle of words. Pronouns Pronouns in Arapesh and other related Torricelli languages: : Vocab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maimai Languages
The Maimai languages constitute a branch of the Torricelli languages, Torricelli language family. They are spoken just to the west of Nuku, Papua New Guinea, Nuku town in eastern Sandaun Province, Papua New Guinea (including in Maimai Wanwan Rural LLG). Languages ;Maimai *Beli language, Beli, Laeko-Libuat language, Laeko-Libuat *Wiaki language, Wiaki *Siliput language, Siliput, Yahang language, Yahang, Heyo language, Heyo Pronouns Pronouns in Maimai languages are: : Vocabulary comparison The following basic vocabulary words are from Laycock (1968), as cited in the Trans-New Guinea database. The words cited constitute translation equivalents, whether they are cognate (e.g. ''elktife'', ''elaŋkitif'' for “tongue”) or not (e.g. ''nikiw'', ''rakun'', ''taŋən'' for “ear”). : References * {{Torricelli languages Maimai languages, Torricelli Range languages Languages of Sandaun Province ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wapei Languages
The Wapei languages constitute a branch of the Torricelli language family according to Laycock (1975) (quoted from Foley 2018). Glottolog does not accept this grouping. They are spoken in mountainous regions of eastern Sandaun Province, Papua New Guinea. Languages Languages are: *Alu–Galu: Alu, Sinagen *A.O.E: Olo, Elkei, Au *Yau–Yis: Yis, Yau *Ningil–Yil: Yil, Ningil *West Palai erhaps Palei languages Yeri Yeri may refer to: * Yeri, Cyprus * Yeri, Tajikistan *Yeri (singer) (born Kim Ye-rim, 1999), South Korean singer, member of Red Velvet. *Yery Yeru or Eru (Ы ы; italics: ''Ы'' ''ы''), usually called Y in modern Russian language, ... (Yapunda), Walman Gnau may also belong here. Pronouns Pronouns in Wapei languages are: : Vocabulary comparison The following basic vocabulary words are from Laycock (1968), as cited in the Trans-New Guinea database. The words cited constitute translation equivalents, whether they are cognate (e.g. ''wupli'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palei Languages
The Palei languages constitute a branch of the Torricelli language family according to Laycock (1975) (quoted from Foley 2018). They are spoken in mountainous regions of eastern Sandaun Province, Papua New Guinea. Languages Languages are: *Palai **Nuclear Palai *** Braget, Amol (Aru), Aruop (Srenge) *** Aiku (Yangum), Ambrak **West Palai *** Agi, Yeri (Yapunda) erhaps a Wapei language***? Walman erhaps a Wapei language**? Kayik (Wanap) Nambi (Nabi) = Metan may also belong here, or may be one of the Maimai languages The Maimai languages constitute a branch of the Torricelli languages, Torricelli language family. They are spoken just to the west of Nuku, Papua New Guinea, Nuku town in eastern Sandaun Province, Papua New Guinea (including in Maimai Wanwan Rura ..., or separate within the Torricelli languages. Pronouns Pronouns in Palei languages are: : Vocabulary comparison The following basic vocabulary words are from Laycock (1968), as cited in the Trans-New Guinea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
One Languages
The One or West Wapei languages constitute a branch of the Torricelli language family. They are spoken in north-central Sandaun Province, Papua New Guinea. Languages Foley (2018) lists: : One, Seta, Seti Seti or SETI may refer to: Astrobiology * SETI, the search for extraterrestrial intelligence. ** SETI Institute, an astronomical research organization *** SETIcon, a former convention organized by the SETI Institute ** Berkeley SETI Research Cent ... Vocabulary comparison The following basic vocabulary words are from the Trans-New Guinea database, citing data from Laycock (1968) and SIL (2000):Summer Institute of Linguistics Language Survey of Seta, 2000. The words cited constitute translation equivalents, whether they are cognate (e.g. ''kamóya'', ''komoyo'' for “bone”) or not (e.g. ''alfoi'', ''ŋkotelə'' for “tongue”). : References * Torricelli Range languages Languages of Sandaun Province {{papuan-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bogia Languages
The Monumbo or Bogia Bay languages are a cluster of closely related languages that constitute a branch of the Torricelli languages, Torricelli language family. They are spoken in a few coastal villages around Bogia Bay of Bogia District, Madang Province in Papua New Guinea. Unlike all other Torricelli branches except for the Marienberg languages, word order in the Bogia languages is SOV, likely due to contact with Lower Sepik-Ramu and Sepik languages. There are three languages: Monumbo language, Monumbo (Mambuwan), Ngaimbom language, Ngaimbom and Lilau language, Lilau. Classification They have for several decades been lumped into the Torricelli languages, Torricelli family 100 km to the west. Foley (2018) and Usher both classify them as Torricelli, based on unpublished comparisons. "No evidence [for this] was ever presented" publicly, according to Glottolog. References {{Torricelli languages Monumbo languages, Sepik Coast languages Languages of Madang Province ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Preposition
Adpositions are a part of speech, class of words used to express spatial or temporal relations (''in, under, towards, behind, ago'', etc.) or mark various thematic relations, semantic roles (''of, for''). The most common adpositions are prepositions (which precede their complement) and postpositions (which follow their complement). An adposition typically combines with a noun phrase, this being called its complement (grammar), complement, or sometimes object (grammar), object. English language, English generally has prepositions rather than postpositions – words such as ''in, under'' and ''of'' precede their objects, such as "in England", "under the table", "of Jane" – although there are a few exceptions including ''ago'' and ''notwithstanding'', as in "three days ago" and "financial limitations notwithstanding". Some languages that use a different word order have postpositions instead (like Turkic languages) or have both types (like Finnish language, Finnish). The phrase form ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Germanic Languages
The Germanic languages are a branch of the Indo-European languages, Indo-European language family spoken natively by a population of about 515 million people mainly in Europe, North America, Oceania, and Southern Africa. The most widely spoken Germanic language, English language, English, is also the world's most List of languages by total number of speakers, widely spoken language with an estimated 2 billion speakers. All Germanic languages are derived from Proto-Germanic language, Proto-Germanic, spoken in Iron Age Scandinavia, History of Germany#Iron Age, Iron Age Northern Germany and along the North Sea and Baltic coasts. The West Germanic languages include the three most widely spoken Germanic languages: English language, English with around 360–400 million native speakers; German language, German, with over 100 million native speakers; and Dutch language, Dutch, with 24 million native speakers. Other West Germanic languages include Afrikaans, an offshoot of Dutch origi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romance Languages
The Romance languages, also known as the Latin or Neo-Latin languages, are the languages that are Language family, directly descended from Vulgar Latin. They are the only extant subgroup of the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages, Indo-European language family. The five list of languages by number of native speakers, most widely spoken Romance languages by number of native speakers are: * Spanish language, Spanish (489 million): official language in Spain, Mexico, Equatorial Guinea, the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, SADR, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico and most of Central America, Central and South America * French language, French (310 million): official in 26 countries * Portuguese language, Portuguese (240 million): official in Portugal, Brazil, Portuguese-speaking African countries, Portuguese-speaking Africa, Timor-Leste and Macau * Italian language, Italian (67 million): official in Italy, Vatican City, San Marino, Switzerland; mi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Torricelli Range
The Torricelli Mountains are a mountain range in Sandaun Province, north-western Papua New Guinea. The highest peak in the range is Mount Sulen at 1650 meters. The Bewani Mountains are located to the west, and the Prince Alexander Mountains are located to the east. To the north, the mountains slope down to the Pacific Ocean, and to the south lies the basin of the Sepik River. The mountains are named after the Italian physicist and mathematician Evangelista Torricelli during the German colonial period. Dozens of Torricelli languages are spoken within this mountain range. Ecology The portion of the range above 1000 meters elevation is home to the Northern New Guinea mountain rain forests ecoregion, which also extends across portions of the neighboring ranges. The slopes below 1000 meters are part of the Northern New Guinea lowland rain and freshwater swamp forests. Two of the most endangered mammals in the world, Scott's tree-kangaroo (''Dendrolagus scottae'') and golden-ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
