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Timeline Of Tuition Fees In The United Kingdom
Tuition fees in the United Kingdom were reintroduced for full-time resident students in 1998, as a means of funding tuition to undergraduate and postgraduate certificate students at universities. Since their introduction, the fees have been reformed multiple times by several bills, with the cap on fees notably rising to £9,000 a year for the 2012-13 academic year. Background Fees prior to 1962 Before the Education Act 1962 fees existed in the United Kingdom - usually making up around a third of a university's income, the remainder supported by state subsidies and other sources of income. 1962–1998 David Eccles, Secretary of State for Education, under Harold Macmillan's Conservative Government, published the Education Act 1962, which granted an exemption for "ordinarily resident", full-time, students from University tuition fees, along with introducing a right to a means tested maintenance grant. Fees remained in place for part-time and non-resident (overseas) students. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tuition Fees In The United Kingdom
Tuition fees were first introduced across the entire United Kingdom in September 1998 under the Labour government of Tony Blair to help fund tuition for undergraduate and postgraduate certificate students at universities; students were required to pay up to £1,000 a year for tuition. However, only those who reach a certain salary threshold (£21,000) pay this fee through general taxation. University attendance remains high as of 2019. There are record levels of disadvantaged students accessing a university in England. As a result of the devolved national administrations for Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, there are now different arrangements for tuition fees in each of the nations. The Minister of State for Universities has oversight over British universities and the Student Loans Company. History From 1945 onwards, fees were generally covered by local authorities and were not paid by students. This was formalised by the Education Act 1962 which established a man ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ted Short
Edward Watson Short, Baron Glenamara, (17 December 1912 – 4 May 2012) was a British Labour Party politician and deputy leader of the Labour Party. He was Member of Parliament (MP) for Newcastle upon Tyne Central and served as a minister during the Labour governments under Harold Wilson, before being appointed to the House of Lords shortly after James Callaghan became Prime Minister. Following the death of James Allason on 16 June 2011, Short was the oldest living former member of the British House of Commons. He died just under a year later, aged 99. At the time of his death he was the oldest member of the House of Lords. Early career Short was born in Warcop, Westmorland. His father Charles Short, a draper, was married to Mary. Short qualified as a teacher at College of the Venerable Bede, Durham University, before completing a second degree, in law, at London University. He taught on Tyneside until enlisting in 1939. He served as a Captain in the Durham Light Infantry ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fiona Hyslop
Fiona Jane Hyslop (born 1 August 1964) is a Scotland, Scottish politician who has served as Cabinet Secretary for Transport, Net Zero and Just Transition, Cabinet Secretary for Transport since 2024. Hyslop has served in various offices under first ministers Alex Salmond, Salmond, Nicola Sturgeon, Sturgeon, Humza Yousaf, Yousaf and John Swinney, Swinney; as Cabinet Secretary for Education and Skills, education secretary, Cabinet Secretary for External Affairs, culture secretary, and Cabinet Secretary for Wellbeing Economy, Fair Work and Energy, economy secretary as well as in junior ministerial roles. A member of the Scottish National Party (SNP), she has been a member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for the Linlithgow (Scottish Parliament constituency), Linlithgow constituency since 2011 Scottish Parliament election, 2011, having represented the Lothians (Scottish Parliament electoral region), Lothians region from 1999 Scottish Parliament election, 1999 to 2011. Hyslop was born ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Union
The European Union (EU) is a supranational union, supranational political union, political and economic union of Member state of the European Union, member states that are Geography of the European Union, located primarily in Europe. The union has a total area of and an estimated population of over 449million as of 2024. The EU is often described as a ''sui generis'' political entity combining characteristics of both a federation and a confederation. Containing 5.5% of the world population in 2023, EU member states generated a nominal gross domestic product (GDP) of around €17.935 trillion in 2024, accounting for approximately one sixth of global economic output. Its cornerstone, the European Union Customs Union, Customs Union, paved the way to establishing European Single Market, an internal single market based on standardised European Union law, legal framework and legislation that applies in all member states in those matters, and only those matters, where the states ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Donald Dewar
Donald Campbell Dewar (21 August 1937 – 11 October 2000) was a Scottish statesman and politician who served as the inaugural First Minister of Scotland, first minister of Scotland from 1999 until his death in 2000 and leader of the Labour Party in Scotland from 1998 until his death in 2000. He was widely regarded as the "Father of the Nation" during his tenure as first minister, and the "Architect of Scottish devolution, Devolution" whilst serving as Secretary of State for Scotland from 1997 to 1999. He was Member of Parliament (United Kingdom), Member of Parliament (MP) for Glasgow Anniesland (UK Parliament constituency), Glasgow Anniesland (formerly Glasgow Garscadden) from 1978 Glasgow Garscadden by-election, 1978 to 2000 Glasgow Anniesland by-elections, 2000. Dewar was also Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for the Glasgow Anniesland (Scottish Parliament constituency), equivalent seat from 1999 Scottish Parliament election, 1999 to 2000. Born in Glasgow, Dewar studie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brian Monteith
Brian Monteith (born 8 January 1958) is a British politician, public relations consultant and commentator. As a member of the Scottish Conservatives, he was a Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for the Mid Scotland and Fife region from 1999 to 2007. Later a member of the Brexit Party, he was a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for North East England from 2019 to 2020. Early life and education Monteith was born in January 1958 in Edinburgh, Scotland. He was educated at Portobello High School and Heriot-Watt University in Edinburgh. He was a member of the Federation of Conservative Students. He also organised a successful campaign to take Heriot-Watt out of the National Union of Students which they subsequently rejoined. Early career Following university Monteith initially worked as a researcher for Thatcherite London-based think tank, the Centre for Policy Studies. Monteith moved on to work in the public relations arena for Michael Forsyth Associates – Monteith ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Swinney
John Ramsay Swinney (born 13 April 1964) is a Scottish politician who has served as First Minister of Scotland, first minister of Scotland since 2024. Swinney has served as Leader of the Scottish National Party, leader of the Scottish National Party (SNP) on two occasions, since 2024 and between 2000 and 2004. He has held various roles within the Scottish Cabinet from 2007 to 2023 under First Ministers Alex Salmond and Nicola Sturgeon. Swinney was Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for North Tayside (Scottish Parliament constituency), North Tayside from 1999 to 2011 and, following boundary changes, has been MSP for Perthshire North since 2011. He was Member of Parliament (United Kingdom), Member of Parliament (MP) for North Tayside (UK Parliament constituency), Tayside North from 1997 to 2001. Born in Edinburgh, Swinney graduated with a Master of Arts (Scotland), MA in politics at the University of Edinburgh. He joined the SNP at a young age, and quickly rose to prominence ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scottish National Party
The Scottish National Party (SNP; ) is a Scottish nationalist and social democratic party. The party holds 61 of the 129 seats in the Scottish Parliament, and holds 9 out of the 57 Scottish seats in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, House of Commons. It is represented by 419 of the 1,227 local councillors across Scotland. The SNP supports and campaigns for Scottish independence from the United Kingdom and for Scotland's membership in the European Union, with a platform based on progressive social policies and civic nationalism. Founded in 1934 with the amalgamation of the National Party of Scotland and the Scottish Party, the party has had continuous parliamentary List of Scottish National Party MPs, representation in Westminster since Winnie Ewing won the 1967 Hamilton by-election. With the establishment of the devolved Scottish Parliament in 1999, the SNP became the second-largest party, serving two terms as the Opposition (parliamentary), opposition. The SNP gaine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jim Wallace, Baron Wallace Of Tankerness
James Robert Wallace, Baron Wallace of Tankerness, (born 25 August 1954) is a Scottish politician serving as a Liberal Democrat life peer in the House of Lords, British House of Lords since 2007. He served as the Deputy First Minister of Scotland from 1999 to 2005, and during that time he served twice as acting First Minister of Scotland, First Minister, in 2000, in the aftermath of Donald Dewar's death and in 2001, following Henry McLeish's resignation. He was formerly Scottish Liberal Democrats, Leader of the Scottish Liberal Democrats from 1992 to 2005 and Leader of the Liberal Democrats (UK), Liberal Democrats in the House of Lords from 2013 to 2016. Wallace also served as the Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland from 2021 to 2022. Wallace served as a Liberal Democrats (UK), Liberal Democrat Member of Parliament (United Kingdom), Member of Parliament (MP) for Orkney and Shetland (UK Parliament constituency), Orkney and Shetland from 1983 United King ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coalition Government
A coalition government, or coalition cabinet, is a government by political parties that enter into a power-sharing arrangement of the executive. Coalition governments usually occur when no single party has achieved an absolute majority after an election. A party not having majority is common under proportional representation, but not in nations with majoritarian electoral systems. There are different forms of coalition governments, minority coalitions and surplus majority coalition governments. A surplus majority coalition government controls more than the absolute majority of seats in parliament necessary to have a majority in the government, whereas minority coalition governments do not hold the majority of legislative seats. A coalition government may also be created in a time of national difficulty or crisis (for example, during wartime or economic crisis) to give a government the high degree of perceived political legitimacy or collective identity, it can also play a ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liberal Democrats (UK)
The Liberal Democrats, colloquially known as the Lib Dems, are a Liberalism, liberal political party in the United Kingdom, founded in 1988. They are based at Liberal Democrat Headquarters (UK), Liberal Democrat Headquarters, in Westminster, and the leader is Ed Davey. They are the third-largest political party in the United Kingdom, party in the United Kingdom, with 72 Member of Parliament (United Kingdom), members of Parliament (MPs) in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, House of Commons. They have members of the House of Lords, 5 in the Scottish Parliament, 1 in the Welsh Senedd, and more than 3,000 local council seats. The party holds a twice yearly Liberal Democrat Conference, at which policy is formulated. In contrast to its main opponents, the Lib Dems Liberal Democrat Conference#All-member Conference voting system, grant all members attending Conference the right to vote on policy, under a one member, one vote#United Kingdom, one member, one vote system. The p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scottish Devolution
Scottish devolution is the process of the UK Parliament granting powers (excluding powers over reserved matters) to the devolved Scottish Parliament. Prior to the advent of devolution, some had argued for a Scottish Parliament within the United Kingdom – while others have since advocated for complete independence. The people of Scotland first got the opportunity to vote in a referendum on proposals for devolution in 1979 and, although a majority of those voting voted 'Yes', the referendum legislation also required 40% of the electorate to vote 'Yes' for the plans to be enacted and this was not achieved. A second referendum opportunity in 1997, this time on a strong proposal, resulted in an overwhelming 'Yes' victory, leading to the Scotland Act 1998 being passed and the Scottish Parliament being established in 1999. Scottish voters were given the chance to vote 'Yes' on outright independence in a 2014 referendum. In an effort to persuade Scots to remain in the Union, the maj ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
