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Tile Set
A tile-based video game, or grid-based video game, is a type of video game where the playing area consists of small square (or, much less often, rectangular, parallelogram, or hexagonal) graphic images referred to as ''tiles'' laid out in a grid. That the screen is made of such tiles is a technical distinction, and may not be obvious to people playing the game. The complete set of tiles available for use in a playing area is called a ''tileset''. Tile-based games usually simulate a top-down, side view, or 2.5D view of the playing area, and are almost always two-dimensional. Much video game hardware from the late 1970s through the mid-1990s has native support for displaying tiled screens with little interaction from the CPU. Overview Tile-based games are not a distinct video game genre. The term refers to the technology that the hardware or game engine uses for its visual representation. For example, ''Pac-Man'' is an action game, '' Ultima'' is a role-playing video game and ...
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RPG Maker
''RPG Maker'', known in Japan as , is a series of programs for the development of role-playing video games (RPGs) with genre-driven varieties as well as machinima, originally created by the Japanese group ASCII. The Japanese name, ''Tsukūru'', is a pun mixing the Japanese word , which means "make" or "create", with , the Japanese transliteration of the English word "tool". The ''RPG Maker'' series was originally released primarily in Japan, but it was translated by fans in Taiwan, South Korea, China, Russia, and North America with ''RPG Maker 2000'' and ''RPG Maker 2003''. Most of the later engines have been officially translated and created by successors, Enterbrain and Gotcha Gotcha Games. PC versions ''RPG Maker'' is a program that allows users to create their own role-playing video games. Most versions include a tile set based map editor (tilesets are called ''chipsets'' in pre-XP versions), a simple scripting language for scripting events, and a battle editor. All versio ...
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Framebuffer
A framebuffer (frame buffer, or sometimes framestore) is a portion of random-access memory (RAM) containing a bitmap that drives a video display. It is a memory buffer containing data representing all the pixels in a complete video frame. Modern video cards contain framebuffer circuitry in their cores. This circuitry converts an in-memory bitmap into a video signal that can be displayed on a computer monitor. In computing, a screen buffer is a part of computer memory used by a computer application for the representation of the content to be shown on the computer display. The screen buffer may also be called the video buffer, the regeneration buffer, or regen buffer for short. Screen buffers should be distinguished from video memory. To this end, the term off-screen buffer is also used. The information in the buffer typically consists of color values for every pixel to be shown on the display. Color values are commonly stored in 1-bit binary (monochrome), 4-bit palettized, 8 ...
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Pixel
In digital imaging, a pixel (abbreviated px), pel, or picture element is the smallest addressable element in a Raster graphics, raster image, or the smallest addressable element in a dot matrix display device. In most digital display devices, pixels are the smallest element that can be manipulated through software. Each pixel is a Sampling (signal processing), sample of an original image; more samples typically provide more accurate representations of the original. The Intensity (physics), intensity of each pixel is variable. In color imaging systems, a color is typically represented by three or four component intensities such as RGB color model, red, green, and blue, or CMYK color model, cyan, magenta, yellow, and black. In some contexts (such as descriptions of camera sensors), ''pixel'' refers to a single scalar element of a multi-component representation (called a ''photosite'' in the camera sensor context, although ''wikt:sensel, sensel'' is sometimes used), while in yet ...
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Scrolling
In computer displays, filmmaking, television production, video games and other kinetic displays, scrolling is sliding text, images or video across a monitor or display, vertically or horizontally. "Scrolling," as such, does not change the layout of the text or pictures but moves ( pans or tilts) the user's view across what is apparently a larger image that is not wholly seen. A common television and movie special effect is to scroll credits, while leaving the background stationary. Scrolling may take place completely without user intervention (as in film credits) or, on an interactive device, be triggered by touchscreen or a keypress and continue without further intervention until a further user action, or be entirely controlled by input devices. Scrolling may take place in discrete increments (perhaps one or a few lines of text at a time), or continuously (smooth scrolling). Frame rate is the speed at which an entire image is redisplayed. It is related to scrolling in that chan ...
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Arcade System Board
An arcade video game is an arcade game that takes player input from its controls, processes it through electrical or computerized components, and displays output to an electronic monitor or similar display. All arcade video games are coin-operated or accept other means of payment, housed in an arcade cabinet, and located in amusement arcades alongside other kinds of arcade games. Until the early 2000s, arcade video games were the largest and most technologically advanced segment of the video game industry. Early prototypical entries ''Galaxy Game'' and ''Computer Space'' in 1971 established the principle operations for arcade games, and Atari, Inc., Atari's ''Pong'' in 1972 is recognized as the first successful commercial arcade video game. Improvements in computer technology and gameplay design led to a golden age of arcade video games, the exact dates of which are debated but range from the late 1970s to the early 1980s. This golden age includes ''Space Invaders'', ''Pac-Man'' ...
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Namco Galaxian
Namco was a video game developer and video game publisher, publisher, originally from Japan. Bandai Namco Entertainment is the successor to Namco and continues manufacturing and distributing video games worldwide. For Namco games released following the 2006 merger with Bandai's video game division, see List of Bandai Namco video games. For a list of franchises owned by Bandai Namco, see List of Bandai Namco video game franchises. Arcade-based games Namco initially distributed its games in Japan, while relying on third-party companies, such as Atari, Inc., Atari and Midway Games, Midway Manufacturing to publish them internationally under their own brands. Later, it would handle its own publishing worldwide. Electro-mechanical games Namco proprietary arcade systems Namco console-based systems Namco PC-based systems Third-party systems Unknown hardware Atari releases in Japan Namco released a number of Atari arcade titles in Japan. Console-based games Published, dev ...
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1979 In Video Gaming
1979 saw many sequels and prequels in video games, such as ''Space Invaders Part II'' and ''Super Speed Race'', along with new titles such as ''Asteroids (video game), Asteroids'', ''Football (1978 video game), Football'', ''Galaxian'', ''Head On (video game), Head On'', ''Heiankyo Alien'', ''Monaco GP (video game), Monaco GP'', ''Sheriff (video game), Sheriff'' and ''Warrior (arcade game), Warrior''. For the second year in a row, the highest-grossing video game was Taito's arcade game ''Space Invaders'' and the best-selling home system was the Atari 2600, Atari Video Computer System (Atari VCS). Financial performance Highest-grossing arcade games ''Space Invaders'' was the top-grossing video game worldwide in 1979, having become the arcade game industry's all-time best-seller by 1979. The following table lists the year's top-grossing arcade game in Japan, the United Kingdom, United States, and worldwide. Japan In Japan, the following titles were the highest-grossing arcad ...
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Galaxian
is a 1979 fixed shooter video game developed and published by Namco for arcades. The player assumes control of the Galaxip starfighter in its mission to protect Earth from waves of aliens. Gameplay involves destroying each formation of aliens, who dive down towards the player in an attempt to hit them. Designed by company engineer Kazunori Sawano, ''Galaxian'' was Namco's answer to '' Space Invaders'', a similar space shooter released the previous year by rival developer Taito. ''Space Invaders'' was a sensation in Japan, and Namco wanted a game that could compete against it. Sawano strove to make the game simple and easy to understand. He was inspired by the cinematic space combat scenes in '' Star Wars'', with enemies originally being in the shape of the film's TIE Fighters. ''Galaxian'' is one of the first video games to feature RGB color graphics and the first ever to use a tile-based hardware system, which was capable of animated multi-color sprites as well as scrol ...
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Arcade Game
An arcade game or coin-op game is a coin-operated entertainment machine typically installed in public businesses such as restaurants, bars and amusement arcades. Most arcade games are presented as primarily game of skill, games of skill and include arcade video games, pinball machines, electro-mechanical games, redemption games or merchandisers. Types Broadly, arcade games are nearly always considered Game of skill, games of skill, with only some elements of game of chance, games of chance. Games that are solely games of chance, like slot machines and pachinko, often are categorized legally as gambling devices and, due to restrictions, may not be made available to minors or without appropriate oversight in many jurisdictions. Arcade video games Arcade video games were first introduced in the early 1970s, with ''Pong'' as the first commercially successful game. Arcade video games use Electronics, electronic or computerized circuitry to take input from the player and translate ...
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Namco
was a Japanese multinational video game and entertainment company founded in 1955. It operated video arcades and amusement parks globally, and produced video games, films, toys, and arcade cabinets. Namco was one of the most influential companies in the coin-op and arcade game industry, producing multi-million-selling game franchises such as '' Pac-Man'', ''Galaxian'', '' Tekken'', '' Tales'', '' Ridge Racer'', and '' Ace Combat''. The name ''Namco'' comes from ''Nakamura Manufacturing Company'', derived from Namco's founder, Masaya Nakamura. In the 1960s, Nakamura Manufacturing built electro-mechanical arcade games such as the 1965 hit ''Periscope''. It entered the video game industry after acquiring the struggling Japanese division of Atari in 1974, distributing games such as '' Breakout'' in Japan. The company renamed itself Namco in 1977 and published '' Gee Bee'', its first original video game, a year later. Among Namco's first major hits was the fixed shooter '' ...
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Ultima 7
''Ultima VII: The Black Gate'' is the seventh installment of the '' Ultima series'' of role-playing video games, released in April 1992. In it, the player returns as The Avatar, a would-be paragon of moral virtue who faces down many dangers and deceptions in order to cleanse the medieval fantasy world of Britannia of assorted plots and schemes, monster infestations, and the undermining of crown authority. ''The Black Gate'' was critically acclaimed and commercially successful, being widely lauded as a high point in the series and is also regarded as one of the best video games ever created. In an interview with GameSpot, Richard Garriott stated that ''Ultima VII'' "was the most masterfully executed of the ''Ultima'' series". He has also often stated that the game was, along with ''Ultima IV'', his own favorite installment overall. Gameplay Game system ''Ultima VII'' introduced major changes in the ''Ultima'' series. The most serious alteration is that as far as the player ...
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