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Thirlage
Thirlage was a feudal Servitude in civil law, servitude (or astriction) under Scots law restricting Manorialism, manorial tenants in the milling of their grain for personal or other uses. Vassals in a Barons in Scotland, feudal barony were thirled to their local gristmill, mill owned by the feudal superior. People so thirled were called suckeners and were obliged to pay customary dues for use of the mill and help maintain it. Background The term ''thirlage'' is a Metathesis (linguistics), metathesis of Scots language, Scots ''thrillage'' 'thralldom', derived from ''thril'' 'thrall', which was a body servant, retainer, or vassal to a noble or chief. The term is interchangeable with Scots ''carl'' (or English ''churl'') and indicates subservience to the feudal superior and feudal laws, the situation being not that far removed from the conditions of slavery. The obligations of thirlage eventually ceased to apply, but thirlage in Scotland was only formally and totally abolished on 28 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quern-stone
A quern-stone is a stone tool for hand-grinding a wide variety of materials, especially for various types of grains. They are used in pairs. The lower stationary stone of early examples is called a ''saddle quern'', while the upper mobile stone is called a ''muller'', ''rubber'', or ''handstone''. The upper stone was moved in a back-and-forth motion across the saddle quern. Later querns are known as ''rotary querns''. The central hole of a rotary quern is called the ''eye'', and a dish in the upper surface is known as the ''hopper''. A ''handle slot'' contained a handle which enabled the rotary quern to be rotated. They were first used in the Neolithic era to grind cereals into flour. Design The upper stones were usually concave while the lower ones were convex. Quern-stones are frequently identifiable by their grooved working surfaces which enabled the movement of flour. Sometimes a millrind was present as a piece of wood (or other material), which allowed the cereal et ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Feudal
Feudalism, also known as the feudal system, was a combination of legal, economic, military, cultural, and political customs that flourished in Middle Ages, medieval Europe from the 9th to 15th centuries. Broadly defined, it was a way of structuring society around relationships derived from the holding of land in exchange for service or labour. The classic definition, by François Louis Ganshof (1944),François Louis Ganshof (1944). ''Qu'est-ce que la féodalité''. Translated into English by Philip Grierson as ''Feudalism'', with a foreword by F. M. Stenton, 1st ed.: New York and London, 1952; 2nd ed: 1961; 3rd ed.: 1976. describes a set of reciprocal legal and Medieval warfare, military obligations of the warrior nobility and revolved around the key concepts of lords, vassals, and fiefs. A broader definition, as described by Marc Bloch (1939), includes not only the obligations of the warrior nobility but the obligations of all three estates of the realm: the nobility, the cl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
39 Geo
39 may refer to: * 39 (number) * one of the years: ** 39 BC ** AD 39 ** 1939 ** 2039 * ''39'' (album), a 2000 studio album by Mikuni Shimokawa * '39", a 1975 song by Queen * "Thirty Nine", a song by Karma to Burn from the album ''Almost Heathen ''Almost Heathen'' is the third studio album by the stoner rock band Karma to Burn. It was released on September 4, 2001, by Spitfire Records. It was the last album released before their seven-year disbandment in 2002. The album was reissued in ...'', 2001 * '' Thirty-Nine'', a 2022 South Korean television series * 39 Laetitia, a main-belt asteroid {{Numberdis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Museum Of Ayrshire Country Life And Costume
A museum is an institution dedicated to displaying or preserving culturally or scientifically significant objects. Many museums have exhibitions of these objects on public display, and some have private collections that are used by researchers and specialists. Museums host a much wider range of objects than a library, and they usually focus on a specific theme, such as the arts, science, natural history or local history. Public museums that host exhibitions and interactive demonstrations are often tourist attractions, and many draw large numbers of visitors from outside of their host country, with the most visited museums in the world attracting millions of visitors annually. Since the establishment of the earliest known museum in ancient times, museums have been associated with academia and the preservation of rare items. Museums originated as private collections of interesting items, and not until much later did the emphasis on educating the public take root. Etymology The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Statute Law Revision Act 1888
A statute is a law or formal written enactment of a legislature. Statutes typically declare, command or prohibit something. Statutes are distinguished from court law and unwritten law (also known as common law) in that they are the expressed will of a legislative body, whether that be on the behalf of a country, state or province, county, municipality, or so on. Depending on the legal system, a statute may also be referred to as an "act." Etymology The word appears in use in English as early as the 14th century. "Statute" and earlier English spellings were derived from the Old French words ''statut'', ''estatut'', ''estatu,'' meaning "(royal) promulgation, (legal) statute." These terms were in turn derived from the Late Latin ''statutum,'' meaning "a law, decree." Publication and organization In virtually all countries, newly enacted statutes are published and distributed so that everyone can look up the statutory law. This can be done in the form of a government gazette, whi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bannock (British Food)
A bannock is a variety of flatbread or quick bread cooked from flour, typically round, which is common in Scotland and other areas in Britain and Ireland, as well as in Indigenous Canadian cookery. They are usually cut into sections before serving. Etymology The word ''bannock'' comes from northern English and Scots dialects. The ''Oxford English Dictionary'' states the term stems from ''panicium'', a Latin word for "baked dough", or from ''panis'', meaning bread. It was first referred to as "" in early glosses to the 8th century author Aldhelm (d. 709), and its first cited definition in 1562. Its historic use was primarily in Ireland, Scotland and Northern England. The Scottish poet Robert Burns mentions a bannock in his ''Epistle to James Tennant of Glenconner'', in reference to Alexander Tennant. Early history The original bannocks were heavy, flat cakes of unleavened barley or oatmeal dough formed into a round or oval shape, then cooked on a griddle (or ''girdle'' in Scots ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cunninghamhead
Cunninghamhead is a hamlet on the Annick Water in the Parish of Dreghorn, North Ayrshire, Scotland. The area was part of the old Cunninghamhead estate, and once contained several watermills. Cunninghamhead and the mills on the Annick Water The area is recorded as far back as Pont's / Blaeu's map of 1654 where it is listed as Kunghamhead with a water mill situated nearby. The mill appears on Armstrong's map of 1775. This relatively large mill still exists today as a private house. One of the millers here was a cousin of the Smiths of Coldstream Mill and he taught them the milling craft (Griffith 2004). A track from the mill ran to Byres Farm and thus to the main road (Bartholomew 1912). The leat for the mill ran from a dam on the other side of the 'river loop', then behind the miller's dwelling to finally run under the road to enter the mill site. It is said locally that the dam was removed, after the closure of the mill, by the anglers, who lost salmon to poachers gaffing them as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barony And Castle Of Corsehill
The old Barony and castle of Corsehill lay within the feudal Baillerie of Cunninghame, near Stewarton, now East Ayrshire, Scotland. The Lairds of Corsehill Godfrey de Ross was an early holder of the castle and lands of Corsehill, moving his seat here from the castle at Boarland (also 'Borland') or Dunlop hill. The De Ross family are now represented by the Earls of Glasgow. Andrew Cunningham, second son of William Cunningham, 4th Earl of Glencairn, was the first of the House of Corsehill in 1532. In 1532 his father had granted to him the lands of Doura, Potterton, Little Robertland, and the two Corsehills. In 1538 he was also granted ''Cuttiswray, Clarklands, et Hillhouse.''Paterson, Page 590 He was a great supporter of the reform movement and had his lands forfeited, later returned and died in 1545. Cuthbert Cunningham, son of Andrew, inherited and marrieMatilda 'Maud' Cunningham of Aiket Castle He had two sons, Alexander and Patrick, the latter being involved in the murd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stewarton
Stewarton (, ) is a town in East Ayrshire, Scotland. In comparison to the neighbouring towns of Kilmaurs, Fenwick, East Ayrshire, Fenwick, Dunlop, East Ayrshire, Dunlop and Lugton, it is a relatively large town, with a population estimated at over 7,400. It is above sea level.Groome, Francis H. (1903). ''Ordnance Gazetteer of Scotland.'' Pub. Caxton. London. P. 1506. The town is served by Stewarton railway station. Stewarton lies within Strathannick, with the Annick Water flowing through the town. The community is in a rural part of East Ayrshire, about north of Kilmarnock and to the East of Irvine, Ayrshire, Irvine. In the past, Stewarton served as a crossroads between the traditional routes from Kilmarnock, Irvine and Ayr to the city of Glasgow. However, in rec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
