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Thermal Energy Storage
Thermal energy storage (TES) is the storage of thermal energy for later reuse. Employing widely different technologies, it allows surplus thermal energy to be stored for hours, days, or months. Scale both of storage and use vary from small to large – from individual processes to district, town, or region. Usage examples are the balancing of energy demand between daytime and nighttime, storing summer heat for winter heating, or winter cold for summer cooling (Seasonal thermal energy storage). Storage media include water or ice-slush tanks, masses of native earth or bedrock accessed with heat exchangers by means of boreholes, deep aquifers contained between impermeable strata; shallow, lined pits filled with gravel and water and insulated at the top, as well as eutectic solutions and phase-change materials. Other sources of thermal energy for storage include heat or cold produced with heat pumps from off-peak, lower cost electric power, a practice called peak shaving; ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heat Capacity
Heat capacity or thermal capacity is a physical property of matter, defined as the amount of heat to be supplied to an object to produce a unit change in its temperature. The SI unit of heat capacity is joule per kelvin (J/K). Heat capacity is an extensive property. The corresponding intensive property is the specific heat capacity, found by dividing the heat capacity of an object by its mass. Dividing the heat capacity by the amount of substance in moles yields its molar heat capacity. The volumetric heat capacity measures the heat capacity per volume. In architecture and civil engineering, the heat capacity of a building is often referred to as its '' thermal mass''. Definition Basic definition The heat capacity of an object, denoted by C, is the limit C = \lim_\frac, where \Delta Q is the amount of heat that must be added to the object (of mass ''M'') in order to raise its temperature by \Delta T. The value of this parameter usually varies considerably depending o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solar Two
The SOLAR Project consists of the Solar One, Solar Two and Solar Tres solar thermal power plants based in the Mojave Desert, United States and Andalucía, Spain. The US Department of Energy (DOE) and a consortium of US utilities built the country's first two large-scale, demonstration solar power towers in the desert near Barstow, California. Solar One/Solar Two have been scrapped since 2009. Solar Tres (later renamed Gemasolar), the first commercial plant of the project, was opened in Spain in 2011. Solar One Solar One was a pilot solar-thermal project built in the Mojave Desert just east of Barstow, CA, USA. It was the first test of a large-scale thermal solar power tower plant. Solar One was designed by the Department of Energy (DOE) (led by Sandia National Laboratories in Livermore, California), Southern California Edison, LA Dept of Water and Power, and California Energy Commission. It was located in Daggett, CA, about east of Barstow. Solar One's method of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solar Trough
A parabolic trough collector (PTC) is a type of solar thermal collector that is straight in one dimension and curved as a parabola in the other two, lined with a polished metal mirror. The sunlight which enters the mirror parallel to its plane of symmetry is focused along the focal line, where objects are positioned that are intended to be heated. In a solar cooker, for example, food is placed at the focal line of a trough, which is cooked when the trough is aimed so the Sun is in its plane of symmetry. For other purposes, a tube containing a fluid runs the length of the trough at its focal line. The sunlight is concentrated on the tube and the fluid heated to a high temperature by the energy of the sunlight. The hot fluid can be piped to a heat engine (e.g. ORC or water/steam Rankine cycle), which uses the heat energy to drive machinery, or to generate electricity. This solar energy collector is the most common and best known type of parabolic trough. When heat transfer fluid i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solar Power Tower
A solar power tower, also known as 'central tower' power plant or 'heliostat' power plant, is a type of solar furnace using a tower to receive focused sunlight. It uses an array of flat, movable mirrors (called heliostats) to focus the sun's rays upon a collector tower (the target). Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) systems are seen as one viable solution for renewable, pollution-free energy. Early designs used these focused rays to heat water and used the resulting steam to power a turbine. Newer designs using liquid sodium have been demonstrated, and systems using molten salts (40% potassium nitrate, 60% sodium nitrate) as the working fluids are now in operation. These working fluids have high heat capacity, which can be used to store the energy before using it to boil water to drive turbines. Storing the heat energy for later recovery allows power to be generated continuously, while the sun is shining, and for several hours after the sun has set (or been clouded over). Cost ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Concentrated Solar Power
Concentrated solar power (CSP, also known as concentrating solar power, concentrated solar thermal) systems generate solar power by using mirrors or lenses to concentrate a large area of sunlight into a receiver. Electricity is generated when the concentrated light is converted to heat (solar thermal energy), which drives a heat engine (usually a steam turbine) connected to an electrical power generator or powers a thermochemical reaction. As of 2021, global installed capacity of concentrated solar power stood at 6.8 GW. As of 2023, the total was 8.1 GW, with the inclusion of three new CSP projects in construction in China and in Dubai in the UAE. The U.S.-based National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), which maintains a global database of CSP plants, counts 6.6 GW of operational capacity and another 1.5 GW under construction. Comparison between CSP and other electricity sources As a thermal energy generating power station, CSP has more in common with thermal power s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Molten Salt
Molten salt is salt which is solid at standard temperature and pressure but liquified due to elevated temperature. A salt that is liquid even at standard temperature and pressure is usually called a room-temperature ionic liquid, and molten salts are technically a class of ionic liquids. Examples As a reference, molten sodium chloride, table salt has a melting point (m.p.) of . A variety of eutectic mixtures have been developed with lower melting points: Chlorides *Lithium chloride and potassium chloride, m.p. . Nitrates Alkali metal nitrates are relatively low melting and thermally stable. The least stable, (m.p. ) decomposes only at . At the other extreme, cesium nitrate melts at and decomposes at 584 °C. *60:40 mixture of sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate is a liquid between . It has a heat of fusion of 161 J/g, and a heat capacity of 1.53 J/(g·K). *1:1 mixture :, m.p. . *40:7:53 ::, m. p. , stable to . Uses Molten salts have a variety of uses. Production of magnes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vantaa
Vantaa (; , ) is a city in Finland. It is located to the north of the capital, Helsinki, in southern Uusimaa. The population of Vantaa is approximately . It is the most populous municipality in Finland. Vantaa is part of the Helsinki Metropolitan Area, which has approximately million inhabitants. The administrative centre of Vantaa is located in the Tikkurila district. Vantaa lies in Southern Finland and shares borders with Helsinki, the Finnish capital, to the south, Espoo to the southwest, Nurmijärvi to the northwest, Kerava and Tuusula to the north, and Sipoo to the east. The city covers a total area of , of which is water. Vantaa's significant attractions include Vantaa River (''Vantaanjoki''), which runs through the city before flowing into the Gulf of Finland. The Helsinki Airport, situated in Vantaa, serves as the largest airport in Finland and the primary airline hub for the Helsinki metropolitan area. Companies headquartered in Vantaa comprise Finnair, F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laajasalo
Laajasalo () is a group of islands that forms a Southeast Helsinki's neighbourhood in southern Helsinki, the capital of Finland. As of 2018, it had a population of 18,876. It is Helsinki Helsinki () is the Capital city, capital and most populous List of cities and towns in Finland, city in Finland. It is on the shore of the Gulf of Finland and is the seat of southern Finland's Uusimaa region. About people live in the municipali ...'s 49th district. File:Church in Laajasalo Helsinki.jpg, Church in Laajasalo Degerö - Erik Westerling - Finland framställdt i teckningar - 45.jpg, Illustration in Finland framstäldt i teckningar edited by Zacharias Topelius and published 1845-1852. References * Islands of Uusimaa {{SouthernFinland-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mustikkamaa–Korkeasaari
Mustikkamaa-Korkeasaari () is a subdistrict of Helsinki, Finland. It includes the islands of Mustikkamaa Mustikkamaa (; ; literally translates to "blueberry land") is an island in the Gulf of Finland, some to the east of the city centre of Helsinki, and in size. Leisure use It is owned by the City of Helsinki, and used for public recreational ... and Korkeasaari, as well as some smaller islands. It has a population of 25. External links Neighbourhoods of Helsinki {{SouthernFinland-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Helen Oy
Helen Oy, stylized as HELEN, formerly known as Helsingin Energia ( Finnish) and ''Helsingfors Energi'' ( Swedish), is one of the largest energy companies in Finland. The company, founded in 1909 produces and sells electricity, district heating and district cooling. Helen is headquartered in the Sähkötalo building in central Helsinki. It operates five power plants in Helsinki and four in the Kymenlaakso region. Additionally, the company has nine district heating plants in Helsinki. History The first electricity company in Helsinki was founded in 1884. Several energy companies were established over the following twenty years, each capable of producing enough electricity to power only a few city blocks. ''Helsingin kaupungin sähkölaitos'' (electricity works of the City of Helsinki) was established in 1909. Every small electricity company in Helsinki was transferred to the ownership of the city. During this period a large power plant was constructed in the Suvilahti neighborho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
