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Ten City-kingdoms Of Cyprus
The ten city-kingdoms of Cyprus are listed in a 673–672 BC inscription attributed to Esarhaddon, who ruled the Neo-Assyrian Empire from 681 BC to 669 BC. These kingdoms were Greek, Greco- Phoenician, and Greco- Eteocypriot in origin.Sir Ernest Alfred Wallis Budge 1880, “The history of Esarhaddon (son of Sennacherib) king of Assyria” (The Names of the Twenty-two Kings, p. 104-108) List Greek Greco-Phoenician Greco-Eteocypriot See also * Timeline of Cypriot history __NOTOC__ This is a timeline of Cypriot history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Cyprus. To read about the background to these events, see History of Cyprus. See also the list of presidents of Cyprus ... References Cities in ancient Cyprus Kingdoms in Greek Antiquity {{Cyprus-hist-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greek Language
Greek (, ; , ) is an Indo-European languages, Indo-European language, constituting an independent Hellenic languages, Hellenic branch within the Indo-European language family. It is native to Greece, Cyprus, Italy (in Calabria and Salento), southern Albania, and other regions of the Balkans, Caucasus, the Black Sea coast, Asia Minor, and the Eastern Mediterranean. It has the list of languages by first written accounts, longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning at least 3,400 years of written records. Its writing system is the Greek alphabet, which has been used for approximately 2,800 years; previously, Greek was recorded in writing systems such as Linear B and the Cypriot syllabary. The Greek language holds a very important place in the history of the Western world. Beginning with the epics of Homer, ancient Greek literature includes many works of lasting importance in the European canon. Greek is also the language in which many of the foundational texts ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kourion
Kourion (; ) was an important ancient Greek city-state on the southwestern coast of the island of Cyprus. In the twelfth century BCE, after the Mycenaean Greece#Collapse or Postpalatial Bronze Age (c. 1200–1050 BC), collapse of the Mycenaean palaces, Greek settlers from Argos, Peloponnese, Argos arrived on this site. In the fourth century, Kourion suffered from five heavy earthquakes, but the city was mostly rebuilt. The acropolis of Kourion, located 1.3 km southwest of Episkopi, Limassol, Episkopi and 13 km west of Limassol, is located atop a limestone promontory nearly 100 metres high along the coast of Episkopi Bay. The Kourion archaeological area lies within the British Overseas Territory of Akrotiri and Dhekelia and is managed by the Department of Antiquities (Cyprus), Cyprus Department of Antiquity. History of Kourion Early history of the area The earliest identified occupation within the Kouris River valley is at the hilltop settlement of Sotira-Teppes, loca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amathus
Amathus or Amathous () was an ancient city and one of the ancient royal cities of Cyprus until about 300 BC. Some of its remains can be seen today on the southern coast in front of Agios Tychonas, about east of Limassol and west of Larnaca. Its ancient cult sanctuary of Aphrodite was the second most important in Cyprus, her homeland, after Paphos. Archaeological work has recently been continued at the site and many finds are exhibited in the Limassol Museum. History Pre-history and ancient era The pre-history of Amathus survives in both myth and archaeology. No traces of human activity was detected in the site before the earliest Iron Age, BC, and no town is mentioned in the space between Kition and Kourion in the list of Cypriot cities from Medinet Habu. The city's legendary founder was Cinyras, linked with the birth of Adonis, who called the city after his mother Amathous.Stephanus of Byzantium, s.v. Amathous' According to a version of the Ariadne legend noted by Pluta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Citium
Kition (Ancient Greek: , ; Latin: ; Egyptian: ; Phoenician: , , or , ;) was an ancient Phoenician and Greek city-kingdom on the southern coast of Cyprus (in present-day Larnaca), one of the Ten city-kingdoms of Cyprus. Name The name of the city comes from the Phoenician (, pronounced Kitiya). This name was borrowed into Ancient Greek as () and thence into Latin as . History During the Late Bronze Age, the area was settled by Mycenaean Greeks who exploited the local copper deposits. This settlement was destroyed around 1200 BC but rebuilt soon after. The new town was rebuilt on a larger scale; its mudbrick city wall was replaced by a cyclopean wall. Around 1000 BC, the religious part of the city was abandoned, although life seems to have continued in other areas as indicated by finds in tombs. Literary evidence suggests an early Phoenician presence also at Kition which was under Tyrian rule at the beginning of the 10th century BC. Some Phoenician merchants who were b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lapithos
Lapithos or Lapethos (; ) is a town in Cyprus. ''De facto'', it is under the control of Northern Cyprus. Archeologists claim that Lapithos was founded by the Achean brothers Praxandros and Cepheus. According to Strabo, the ancient settlement of Lapathus (Cyprus), Lapathus, the site of which is nearby, was founded by Spartans. In Akkadian language, Assyrian inscriptions, Lapithos is mentioned as one of the eleven Cypriot kingdoms. During the Persian people, Persian rule, Lapithos was settled by Phoenicians for a while. The last independent king Praxippos was subdued by Ptolemy I in 312 BC. Lambousa is the name currently used for the ancient Greek town on the coast about north of the current Lapithos. History Pre-Roman Strabo wrote that Lapethos is a 'construction of the Laconians and of Praxandros'. The philosopher Alexander of Ephesus called it "Imeroessa", meaning "attractive" and "passion-arousing". Lapithos is usually referred in archaeological literature as a Laconia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marion, Cyprus
Marion () was one of the Ten city-kingdoms of Cyprus, Ten city-kingdoms of Cyprus. It was situated in the north-west of the island in the Akamas region, close to or under the present town of Polis, Cyprus, Polis. Both Strabo and Pliny the Elder mention the city in their writings. History Marion was already inhabited at the end of the Neolithic and through the Chalcolithic period. It began to prosper from the Cypro-Archaic period onwards and became one of the most important ancient Cypriot city—kingdoms in the Cypro-Classical period with important commercial relations with the East Aegean Sea, Aegean islands, Attica and Corinth. According to tradition, Athenian Acamas, son of Theseus, disembarked near Polis after the Trojan War and gave his name to the Cape of Akamas and the city of Akamantis, a legendary city which has never been found. Marion was probably founded by Acamas or a certain Marieus. In Ancient Egypt, Egypt at Medinet Habu (temple), Medinet Habu in the Abu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kyrenia
Kyrenia is a city on the northern coast of Cyprus, noted for its historic harbour and castle. It is under the '' de facto'' control of Northern Cyprus. While there is evidence showing that the wider region of Kyrenia has been populated before, the city was built by the Greeks named Achaeans from the Peloponnese after the Trojan War (1300 BC). According to Greek mythology, Kyrenia was founded by the Achaeans Cepheus and Praxandrus who ended up there after the Trojan War. The heroes gave to the new city the name of their city of Kyrenia located in Achaia, Greece. As the town grew prosperous, the Romans established the foundations of its castle in the 1st century AD. Kyrenia grew in importance after the 9th century due to the safety offered by the castle, and played a pivotal role under the Lusignan rule as the city never capitulated. The castle has been most recently modified by the Venetians in the 15th century, but the city surrendered to the Ottoman Empire in 1571. The city' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tamassos
Tamassos (Greek: Ταμασσός) or Tamasos (Greek: Τἀμασος) – names Latinized as Tamassus or Tamasus – was a city-kingdom in ancient Cyprus, one of the ten kingdoms of Cyprus. It was situated in the great central plain of the island, south-east of Soli, on the road from Soli to Tremithus. It is an archaeological site bordering the village of Politiko, about 21 kilometres southwest of Nicosia. An Assyrian inscription from ca. 673 BC ( Prism of Esarhaddon) refers to it as Tamesi, described as a city-state which paid tribute to the Neo-Assyrian Empire. As there were copper mines in the neighbourhood, it is very probably the Temese mentioned by Homer (Odyssey, I, 184), which was in his time the principal copper market of the island.Sophrone Pétridès"Tamassus"in ''Catholic Encyclopedia'' (New York 1912) Today the villages of Psimolofou, Episkopeio, Pera Orinis, Ergates, Politiko, Kampia, Analyontas, and Kapedes occupy the site of the city. History Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ledra
Ledra (), also spelt Ledrae, was an ancient city-kingdom located in the centre of Cyprus where the capital city of Nicosia is today. Ledra was established in 1050 BC. It became a city-kingdom by the seventh century BC. At times, it had been subject to Assyrian rule. Ledra was one of ten Cypriot kingdoms listed on the prism (many-sided tablet) of the Assyrian king Esarhaddon (680–669 BC). The only known king of Ledra is Onasagoras, mentioned in this tablet for paying tribute to Esarhaddon. By Hellenistic times (330 BC) it had dwindled to a small village. An account suggested that it lost its city-kingdom status because it consolidated with other such kingdoms to form stronger territorial units. In 280 BC, Ledra became Leukotheon while the Byzantines started referring to it as Lefkon or " poplar grove". During the fourth century AD, it became a bishopric and was renamed Lefkosia. It eventually became the capital of Nicosia under this name during the 10th century. Ledra Stree ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Idalium
Idalion or Idalium (, ''Idalion'', Phoenician: 𐤀𐤃𐤉𐤋, , Akkadian: ''e-di-ʾi-il'', Edīl) was an ancient city in Cyprus, in modern Dali, Nicosia District. The city was founded on the copper trade in the 3rd millennium BC. Its name does not appear, however, on the renowned "Kition Stele", i.e., the Sargon Stele of 707 BC, but a little later on the Prism of Esarhaddon (copies of the text dated to 673-672 BC) known as Niniveh A (Nin. A) wherein the name is prefixed by the modifier URU (city) as URU.''e-di-ʾi-il'' (v. 64) and in similar spellings in Ashurbanipal's annal (648/647 BC) while modified by KUR (land/kingdom) (KUR.''e-di-iʾ-li'', ii. 38'). Recent excavations have uncovered major buildings on the site which are open to visitors. A new museum is at the entrance of the site. History The ancient city The original inhabitants were natives of the island, known to scholars as the " Eteocypriotes". The original city lay on the northern side of the Gialias River ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chytri
Chytri (or Khytri, ) was one of the ten city-kingdoms of Cyprus in antiquity. It was located in the centre of the island, in the territory of Chytraea, west of Mesaoria. Today the modern town of Kythrea (Kyrka) has preserved the ancient name. Ancient history According to mythology, after the fall of Troy, Greek immigrants led by Chytros, son of Alexander and grandson of the Athenian Acamas, hero of the Attic tribe of the same name, settled in Cyprus. The modern village of Kythrea is situated near the ancient kingdom of Chytroi which was founded by Chytros. A necropolis has been discovered. In the time of the Assyrian king Assurbanipal, Pilagura was King of Kitrusi, one of the ten kingdoms on the island. Numerous inscriptions have been found in the Cypriot dialect, some in ordinary Greek. Chytri was noted for the worship of Apollo, Artemis and Aphrodite Paphia. In Delphic Theorodochoi inscription, one inscription mentions Chytri. Later forms of the name are Cythraia, Cythereia, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soli, Cyprus
Soli or Soloi () is an ancient Greek city on the island of Cyprus, located next to the town of Karavostasi, southwest of Morphou (Guzelyurt), and on the coast in the gulf of Morphou. Since 1974 the site has been within the Turkish occupied territory of the Northern Cyprus. Originally, Soloi was located in a much more constricted geographical location. At its current location, the entire urban centre was designed by Solon during his 10-year trip, after whom the name Soloi is commonly attributed. Reyes, however, disputes this etymological origin, as the name Soloi appears on the Esarhaddon prism predating Solon's visit.A.T Reyes, Archaic Cyprus (1993):124 Soloi was one of the ten city-kingdoms into which Cyprus was divided at the time. What remains today is mainly from the Roman period, most notably the mosaic floor of the basilica with its wealth of birds, animals and geometric designs and a picture of a swan. There is a theatre but it has been renovated to the point that it no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
