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Sunifred Of Besalú
Sunifred or Sunifredo is a GermanicFrom Proto-Germanic *''sun(no)'' ("sun") + *''friþ(uz)'' ("love, friendship, peace"). given name, probably of Gothic origin, the name of two counts of Urgell, one of whom was also count of Barcelona: * Suniefred (fl. 690s), Visigoth who carried out a rebellion against the Visigothic king Egica * Sunifred II of Ampurias (c. 840–915) * Sunifred, Count of Barcelona (844–848) *Sunifred II, Count of Urgell Sunifred or Sunifredo is a GermanicFrom Proto-Germanic *''sun(no)'' ("sun") + *''friþ(uz)'' ("love, friendship, peace"). given name A given name (also known as a forename or first name) is the part of a personal name quoted in that identi ... (911–948) * Lupitus of Barcelona may be identified with a Christian monk named Sunifred References {{given name Germanic given names ...
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Germanic Languages
The Germanic languages are a branch of the Indo-European languages, Indo-European language family spoken natively by a population of about 515 million people mainly in Europe, North America, Oceania, and Southern Africa. The most widely spoken Germanic language, English language, English, is also the world's most List of languages by total number of speakers, widely spoken language with an estimated 2 billion speakers. All Germanic languages are derived from Proto-Germanic language, Proto-Germanic, spoken in Iron Age Scandinavia, History of Germany#Iron Age, Iron Age Northern Germany and along the North Sea and Baltic coasts. The West Germanic languages include the three most widely spoken Germanic languages: English language, English with around 360–400 million native speakers; German language, German, with over 100 million native speakers; and Dutch language, Dutch, with 24 million native speakers. Other West Germanic languages include Afrikaans, an offshoot of Dutch origi ...
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Proto-Germanic
Proto-Germanic (abbreviated PGmc; also called Common Germanic) is the linguistic reconstruction, reconstructed proto-language of the Germanic languages, Germanic branch of the Indo-European languages. Proto-Germanic eventually developed from Germanic parent language, pre-Proto-Germanic into three Germanic branches during the fifth century BC to fifth century AD: West Germanic languages, West Germanic, East Germanic languages, East Germanic and North Germanic languages, North Germanic. North Germanic remained in language contact, contact with the other branches over a considerable time, especially with the Ingvaeonic languages (including History of English, English), which arose from West Germanic dialects, and had remained in contact with the Proto-Norse language, Norse. A defining feature of Proto-Germanic is the completion of the process described by Grimm's law, a set of sound changes that occurred between its status as a dialect of Proto-Indo-European language, Proto-Indo- ...
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Given Name
A given name (also known as a forename or first name) is the part of a personal name quoted in that identifies a person, potentially with a middle name as well, and differentiates that person from the other members of a group (typically a family or clan) who have a common surname. The term ''given name'' refers to a name usually bestowed at or close to the time of birth, usually by the parents of the newborn. A ''Christian name'' is the first name which is given at baptism, in Christian custom. In informal situations, given names are often used in a familiar and friendly manner. In more formal situations, a person's surname is more commonly used. In Western culture, the idioms "" and "being on first-name terms" refer to the familiarity inherent in addressing someone by their given name. By contrast, a surname (also known as a family name, last name, or Gentile name, ''gentile'' name) is normally inherited and shared with other members of one's immediate family. Regnal names ...
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Gothic Language
Gothic is an extinct language, extinct East Germanic languages, East Germanic language that was spoken by the Goths. It is known primarily from the ''Codex Argenteus'', a 6th-century copy of a 4th-century Bible translation, and is the only East Germanic language with a sizeable text corpus. All others, including Burgundian language (Germanic), Burgundian and Vandalic language, Vandalic, are known, if at all, only from proper names that survived in historical accounts, and from loanwords in other, mainly Romance languages, Romance, languages. As a Germanic language, Gothic is a part of the Indo-European languages, Indo-European language family. It is the earliest Germanic language that is attested in any sizable texts, but it lacks any modern descendants. The oldest documents in Gothic date back to the fourth century. The language was in decline by the mid-sixth century, partly because of the military defeat of the Goths at the hands of the Franks, the elimination of the Goths ...
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Suniefred
Suniefred ( 700) was a Visigothic nobleman who rebelled during the reign of Egica and briefly ruled as king from Toledo. A single coin that is related stylistically to those of the sole reign of Egica indicates that a king of the name of SVNIEFREDVS seized power in Toledo at some point in these years, and for long enough to have the mint start issuing in his name. Suniefred is probably the same person as the " chief cupbearer and duke" of the same name in the canons of the Thirteenth Council of Toledo (683).Thompson, ''The Goths in Spain'', 244: "''Sunifredus, comes scanciarum et dux''". Sources * Thompson, E. A. ''The Goths in Spain''. Clarendon Press, 1969. * Collins, Roger Roger J. H. Collins (born 2 September 1949) is an England, English medievalist, currently an honorary fellow in history at the University of Edinburgh. Collins studied at the University of Oxford (The Queen's College, Oxford, Queen's and Saint .... ''Visigothic Spain, 409–711''. Blackwell Pub ...
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Sunifred II Of Ampurias
Sunifred or Sunifredo is a GermanicFrom Proto-Germanic *''sun(no)'' ("sun") + *''friþ(uz)'' ("love, friendship, peace"). given name, probably of Gothic origin, the name of two counts of Urgell, one of whom was also count of Barcelona: *Suniefred (fl. 690s), Visigoth who carried out a rebellion against the Visigothic king Egica * Sunifred II of Ampurias (c. 840–915) * Sunifred, Count of Barcelona (844–848) *Sunifred II, Count of Urgell Sunifred or Sunifredo is a GermanicFrom Proto-Germanic *''sun(no)'' ("sun") + *''friþ(uz)'' ("love, friendship, peace"). given name A given name (also known as a forename or first name) is the part of a personal name quoted in that identi ... (911–948) * Lupitus of Barcelona may be identified with a Christian monk named Sunifred References {{given name Germanic given names ...
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Sunifred, Count Of Barcelona
Sunifred (died 848) was the Count of Urgell and Cerdanya from 834 to 848, and the Count of Barcelona as well as many other Catalan and Septimanian counties, including Ausona, Besalú, Girona, Narbonne, Agde, Béziers, Lodève, Melgueil, Conflent and Nîmes, from 844 to 848. He may have been the son of Belló, Count of Carcassonne, or, more probably, his son-in-law. In 834, he was named Count of Urgell and Cerdanya by Louis the Pious, Holy Roman Emperor; at the time these counties were under the control of Aznar Galíndez I, an ally of the Banu Qasi. Sunifred conquered Cerdanya in 835 and Urgell three years later (838). In the dynastic struggles that accompanied the three years between Louis the Pious' death (840) and the Treaty of Verdun (843), Bernard of Septimania, Count of Barcelona (and many other marches and counties, including Septimania, Girona, Narbonne, Béziers, Agde, Melgueil, Nîmes and Toulouse), failed to align with Charles the Bald. Bernard did not enter the f ...
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Sunifred II, Count Of Urgell
Sunifred or Sunifredo is a GermanicFrom Proto-Germanic *''sun(no)'' ("sun") + *''friþ(uz)'' ("love, friendship, peace"). given name A given name (also known as a forename or first name) is the part of a personal name quoted in that identifies a person, potentially with a middle name as well, and differentiates that person from the other members of a group (typically a f ..., probably of Gothic origin, the name of two counts of Urgell, one of whom was also count of Barcelona: * Suniefred (fl. 690s), Visigoth who carried out a rebellion against the Visigothic king Egica * Sunifred II of Ampurias (c. 840–915) * Sunifred, Count of Barcelona (844–848) * Sunifred II, Count of Urgell (911–948) * Lupitus of Barcelona may be identified with a Christian monk named Sunifred References {{given name Germanic given names ...
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Lupitus Of Barcelona
Lupitus of Barcelona, identified with a Christian archdeacon called Sunifred, was an astronomer in late 10th century Barcelona, then part of the '' Marca Hispanica'', the borderland of Christian France fronting Islamic al-Andalus. Lupitus was instrumental in the transfer of Arabic mathematics, including the astrolabe and the Hindu–Arabic numeral system to Christian Europe. Gerbert of Aurillac in a letter of 984 asks Lupitus for a translation of an Arabic astronomical Astronomy is a natural science that studies celestial objects and the phenomena that occur in the cosmos. It uses mathematics, physics, and chemistry in order to explain their origin and their overall evolution. Objects of interest include ... treatise, the ''Sententiae astrolabii''. See also * Barcelona astrolabe References * Juan Vernet, ''The pursuit of learning - Moorish rule in Spain - Al-Andalus: where three worlds met'', UNESCO Courier, Dec 1991 Medieval Catalan astronomers Medieval Spanish ...
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