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Succession, Continuity And Legacy Of The Soviet Union
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, commonly known as the Soviet Union was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. It was a Member states of the United Nations, founding member of the United Nations as well as one of the Permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council (see Soviet Union and the United Nations). Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, its UN seat was transferred to the Russia, Russian Federation, the continuator state of the USSR. Background The Treaty on the Formation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics officially created the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union. The Treaty was approved on 30 December 1922 by a conference of delegations from the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Russian SFSR, the Transcaucasian Socialist Fed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet Union
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet Union, it dissolved in 1991. During its existence, it was the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country by area, extending across Time in Russia, eleven time zones and sharing Geography of the Soviet Union#Borders and neighbors, borders with twelve countries, and the List of countries and dependencies by population, third-most populous country. An overall successor to the Russian Empire, it was nominally organized as a federal union of Republics of the Soviet Union, national republics, the largest and most populous of which was the Russian SFSR. In practice, Government of the Soviet Union, its government and Economy of the Soviet Union, economy were Soviet-type economic planning, highly centralized. As a one-party state go ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikhail Tskhakaya
Mikhail Grigoryevich Tskhakaya ( ka, მიხეილ გრიგოლის ძე ცხაკაია, ; 4 May 1865 – 19 March 1950), also known as Barsov, was a Georgian revolutionary and Soviet politician. Barsov was a senior leader in the Bolshevik movement in Georgia, having been active in revolutionary politics since 1880. He was one of the five signatories of the Document that formed the Soviet Union. He was born in 1865 in Martvili Municipality. In 1892, he helped found Mesame Dasi (third group), the first Georgian Socialist party. When the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party was founded, he joined it. He saved the young Joseph Stalin from expulsion for Georgian nationalism in 1904. However, Tskhakaya made Stalin write a credo renouncing his views and attend a series of his lectures on Marxism. Despite this, they remained friends. In July 1906, Tskhakaya was Stalin's witness at his wedding to Kato Svanidze. On September 9, Tskhakaya and Stalin were among ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikolay Fyodorov (politician)
Nikolay Vasilyevich Fyodorov (, , ''Fyodorow Nikolay Wasilyewich''; born 9 May 1958) is the First Deputy Chairman of the Federation Council. He is also the former president of the Chuvash Republic in Russia. Early life Nikolai Fyodorov was born in 1958 in the village of Chyodino, Mariinsko-Posadsky District of the Chuvash ASSR (now part of Novocheboksarsk), into a large family of a WWII veteran. In 1980, after graduating from the law faculty of Kazan State University, he came to Cheboksary and taught the disciplines "Soviet law" and "Scientific communism" in 1980–82 and 1985–89 at the Chuvash State University. Career Federal minister In 1989 he was elected People's Deputy of the USSR. He was one of the leaders of the committee on legislation of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. He was the Justice Minister of Russia from 14 July 1990 to 24 March 1993. In December 1991, Fyodorov stated that the 79-year-old former leader of the GDR Erich Honecker, who was in the Chile ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikhail Maley
Michael is a common masculine given name derived from the Hebrew phrase ''mī kāʼēl'', 'Who slike-El', in Aramaic: ܡܝܟܐܝܠ (''Mīkhāʼēl'' ). The theophoric name is often read as a rhetorical question – "Who slike he Hebrew God El?", whose answer is "there is none like El", or "there is none as famous and powerful as God." This question is known in Latin as '' Quis ut Deus?'' Paradoxically, the name is also sometimes interpreted as, "One who is like God."Omnium Sanctorum Hiberniae"Michael - one who is like unto God"(This interpretation would be seen as heretical in some religions, but it is fairly common nonetheless.) An alternative spelling of the name is ''Micheal''. While ''Michael'' is most often a masculine name, it is also given to women, such as the actresses Michael Michele and Michael Learned, and Michael Steele, the former bassist for the Bangles. Patronymic surnames that come from Michael include '' Carmichael, DiMichele, MacMichael, McMichael, Mi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Konstantin Kagalovsky
Konstantin Grigoryevich Kagalovsky (; born 13 October 1957) is a Russian businessman. He is the former vice-president of the oil company Yukos and a key Yukos shareholder, former deputy chairman of Bank Menatep, and the former Russian representative to the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Kagalovsky claims to be the owner of the Ukrainian TV channel TVi. Biography In 1980, he graduated from the Moscow Finance Institute with a PhD in economics. In the late 1980s, he was a member of a group of young free-market economists, and was a close associate of Anatoly Chubais, who has been both praised and criticised for his involvement in the mass privatization of state assets after the fall of the Soviet Union. Beginning in 1980, Kagalovsky worked in research institutes of the USSR State Planning Committee (Gosplan) () and the USSR Academy of Sciences (). In 1989, he founded and led the International Center for Research on Economic Reforms (). In 1991 in a dacha outside Moscow, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Shokhin
Alexander Nikolayevich Shokhin (; born 25 December 1951) is a Russian state, political and public figure and a Member of the Bureau of the Supreme Council of the party United Russia. Minister of Labour of the RSFSR (August 26, 1991 – November 10, 1991). On 20 January 1994 to 6 November 1994, Minister of the Russian economy, 23 March 1994 to 6 November 1994, Deputy Chairman of the Russian Government. In September 1998 he was appointed Deputy Premier of the Russian Government in the Cabinet of Yevgeny Primakov, but even before the official addition of deputy powers in October 1998, has resigned from this position. Biography Scientific work In 1974 he graduated from M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University with a degree in political economy. Doctor of Economics (1989), Professor (1991). Since 1969 he has been a laboratory assistant at the MSU Faculty of Economics, then a scientific and technical employee of the Central Economic Mathematical Institute (CEMI) of the Ac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yegor Gaidar
Yegor Timurovich Gaidar (; rus, Егор Тимурович Гайдар, p=jɪˈɡor tʲɪˈmurəvʲɪtɕ ɡɐjˈdar; 19 March 1956 – 16 December 2009) was a Soviet and Russian economist, politician, and author, and was the Acting Prime Minister of Russia from 15 June 1992 to 14 December 1992. He was the architect of the controversial shock therapy reforms administered in Russia after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, which brought him both praise and harsh criticism. He participated in the preparation of the Belovezha Accords. Many Russians held him responsible for the economic hardships that plagued the country in the 1990s that resulted in mass poverty and hyperinflation among other things, although liberals praised him as a man who did what had to be done to save the country from complete collapse. Jeffrey Sachs, director of Columbia University's Earth Institute, who advised the Russian government in the early 1990s, called Gaidar "the intellectual leader of many ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gennady Burbulis
Gennady Eduardovich Burbulis (; 4 August 1945 – 19 June 2022) was a Russian politician. A close associate of Boris Yeltsin, he held several high positions in the first Russian government, including Secretary of State, and was one of the drafters and signers of the Belavezha Accords on behalf of Russia. He was one of the most influential Russian political figures in the late 1980s and early 1990s and one of the main architects of Russian political and economic reform.Rossiya 2000: Sovremennaya politicheskaya istoriya 1985-2000, Tom 2, Litsa Rossii, Moskva 2000, VOLD Dukhovnoe nasledie, ZAO NIR, RAU Universitet, p. 139 Early life and education Burbulis was born in the Urals city of Pervouralsk on 4 August 1945, the grandson of Kazimir Antonovich Burbulis, a Lithuanian deportee during that country’s occupation and Russification by the Russian Empire (1915). He described how his decision to keep a Lithuanian surname against the urging of his Russian mother cost him the position of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RSFSR State Secretary
The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian SFSR or RSFSR), previously known as the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic and the Russian Soviet Republic, and unofficially as Soviet Russia,Declaration of Rights of the laboring and exploited people, article I. was a socialist state from 1917 to 1922, and afterwards the largest and most populous constituent republic of the Soviet Union (USSR) from 1922 to 1991, until becoming a sovereign part of the Soviet Union with priority of Russian laws over Union-level legislation in 1990 and 1991, the last two years of the existence of the USSR.The Free Dictionary Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic . Encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com. Retrieved on 22 June 2011. The Russi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treaty On The Economic Community (post-Soviet States)
The transition period of the Soviet Union was declared by the adoption of the Law of the Soviet Union "On the bodies of state power and administration of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in the transition period", which was signed into law on 5 September 1991. It was assumed that the Soviet Union would come out of the transition period with a new name after all treaties were signed and came into force. However, this did not happen. Background In the 1980s, Mikhail Gorbachev's policies of Glasnost (openness) and Perestroika (restructuring) aimed to revitalize the Soviet system but instead accelerated its unraveling. Nationalist, democratic and liberal movements gained momentum across the Soviet republics, and the control of the Communist Party weakened. In the Soviet Union, a Union Republic was a constituent federated political entity with a system of government called a Soviet republic, which was officially defined in the 1977 constitution as "a sovereign Soviet socia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RSFSR Government
The Russian Government () or fully titled the Government of the Russian Federation () is the highest federal executive governmental body of the Russian Federation. It is accountable to the President of Russia, president of the Russian Federation and controlled by the State Duma. The status and procedure of its activities are determined by chapter 6 of the Constitution of Russia, Constitution of the Russian Federation and the provisions of the Federal Constitutional Law (Russia), federal constitutional law "On the Government of the Russian Federation". The Government's terms of reference include the development and enforcement of the federal budget and the implementation of socially oriented government policies in various cultural areas of Russian society. Although the Government of the Russian Federation does not adopt laws, its responsibilities include issuing federal by-laws (resolutions) based on federal laws passed by the Federal Assembly (Russia), Federal Assembly. Accordi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kommersant
(, , ''The Businessman'' or Commerce Man, often shortened to Ъ) is a nationally distributed daily newspaper published in Russia mostly devoted to politics and business. The TNS Media and NRS Russia certified July 2013 circulation of the daily was 120,000–130,000. It is widely considered to be one of Russia's three main business dailies (together with '' Vedomosti'' and '' RBK Daily''). History The original ''Kommersant'' newspaper was established in Moscow in 1909, but was shut down by the Bolsheviks following the October Revolution in 1917. In 1989, with the onset of press freedom in Russia, was relaunched under the ownership of businessman and publicist Vladimir Yakovlev. The first issue was released in January 1990. It was modeled after Western business journalism. The newspaper's title is spelled in Russian with a terminal hard sign (ъ) – a letter that is silent at the end of a word in modern Russian, and was thus largely abolished by the post-revolution ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
