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Stanislaus Von Engeström (Major General)
Gustaf Stanislaus von Engeström, (; ; ; 28 July 1791 – 14 October 1850), Russian: , () was a Swedish-Polish count and general in the Russian Army. he was the son of the Swedish diplomat and statesmen Lars von Engeström and his wife Rosalie Drya-Chiapowska. He started his military career as a Cornet in the Life Guards of Horse regiment in 1808. The very next year he was named a Lieutenant in the same regiment. In 1810 he was named Chamberlain at court of Charles XIII. In 1812 he became a ''Rittmeister'' and later the same year a Staff officer. Stanislaus took part in the Battle of Leipzig in 1813 as an adjutant to Field Marshal Gebhard von Blücher, and was subsequently awarded with the prussian Pour le Mérite for his actions during the battle. He was also awarded the Swedish Order of the Sword and the För tapperhet i fält medal for it. In 1814 he became a Major in the Smålands Regiment. He became a brigadier at the Swedish generalstaff in 1816. He was dismissed from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Count
Count (feminine: countess) is a historical title of nobility in certain European countries, varying in relative status, generally of middling rank in the hierarchy of nobility. Pine, L. G. ''Titles: How the King Became His Majesty''. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1992. p. 73. . Especially in earlier medieval periods the term often implied not only a certain status, but also that the ''count'' had specific responsibilities or offices. The etymologically related English term " county" denoted the territories associated with some countships, but not all. The title of ''count'' is typically not used in England or English-speaking countries, and the term ''earl'' is used instead. A female holder of the title is still referred to as a ''countess'', however. Origin of the term The word ''count'' came into English from the French ', itself from Latin '—in its accusative form ''comitem''. It meant "companion" or "attendant", and as a title it indicated that someone was delegated to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swedish Language
Swedish ( ) is a North Germanic languages, North Germanic language from the Indo-European languages, Indo-European language family, spoken predominantly in Sweden and parts of Finland. It has at least 10 million native speakers, making it the Germanic_languages#Statistics, fourth most spoken Germanic language, and the first among its type in the Nordic countries overall. Swedish, like the other North Germanic languages, Nordic languages, is a descendant of Old Norse, the common language of the Germanic peoples living in Scandinavia during the Viking Age. It is largely mutually intelligible with Norwegian language, Norwegian and Danish language, Danish, although the degree of mutual intelligibility is dependent on the dialect and accent of the speaker. Standard Swedish, spoken by most Swedes, is the national language that evolved from the Central Swedish dialects in the 19th century, and was well established by the beginning of the 20th century. While distinct regional Variety ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Leipzig
The Battle of Leipzig, also known as the Battle of the Nations, was fought from 16 to 19 October 1813 at Leipzig, Saxony. The Coalition armies of Austria, Prussia, Sweden, and Russia, led by Tsar Alexander I, Karl von Schwarzenberg, and Gebhard von Blücher decisively defeated the ''Grande Armée'' of French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte. Napoleon's army also contained Polish and Italian troops, as well as Germans from the Confederation of the Rhine (mainly Saxony and Württemberg). The battle was the culmination of the German campaign of 1813 and involved about 560,000 soldiers, 2,200 artillery pieces, the expenditure of 400,000 rounds of artillery ammunition, and 133,000 casualties, making it the largest battle of the Napoleonic Wars, and the largest battle in Europe prior to World War I. Decisively defeated, Napoleon was compelled to return to France while the Sixth Coalition kept up its momentum, dissolving the Confederation of the Rhine and invading France early the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Staff Officer
A military staff or general staff (also referred to as army staff, navy staff, or air staff within the individual services) is a group of officers, enlisted, and civilian staff who serve the commander of a division or other large military unit in their command and control role through planning, analysis, and information gathering, as well as by relaying, coordinating, and supervising the execution of their plans and orders, especially in case of multiple simultaneous and rapidly changing complex operations. They are organised into functional groups such as administration, logistics, operations, intelligence, training, etc. They provide multi-directional flow of information between a commanding officer, subordinate military units and other stakeholders.PK Mallick, 2011Staff System in the Indian Army: Time for Change Centre for Land Warfare Studies, New Delhi, vol 31. A centralised general staff results in tighter top-down control but requires larger staff at headquart ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rittmeister
Rittmaster () is usually a commissioned officer military rank used in a few armies, usually equivalent to Captain. Historically it has been used in Germany, Austria-Hungary, Scandinavia, and some other countries. A is typically in charge of a squadron (a company-sized unit called a "troop" in the United States, as opposed to the U.S. cavalry squadron of larger battalion size), and is the equivalent of a ''Hauptmann'' rank (or captain in most army branches). Spelling * * * (until 1951) * (bokmål; the spelling ''ritmester'' was used until 1907) or ''rittmeister'' (nynorsk) * The armies of many Central and Eastern European countries adopted a localised term for the similar rank. * * * * * Czechia The rank of is an 'ensign' rank, used by both branches in the Czech Army. It is ranked OR-5 within the NATO rank structure. The immediate senior rank is called () and is ranked OR-6. The Netherlands The Dutch rank ''Ritmeester'', is the rank of squadron leading officers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles XIII
Charles XIII or Carl XIII (; 7 October 1748 – 5 February 1818) was King of Sweden from 1809 and King of Norway from 1814 to his death. He was the second son (and younger brother to King Gustav III) of King Adolf Frederick of Sweden and Louisa Ulrika of Prussia, sister of Frederick the Great. Though known as King Charles XIII in Sweden, he was actually the seventh Carl of Sweden (other), Swedish king by that name, as Charles IX of Sweden, Charles IX (reigned 1604–1611) had adopted his numeral after studying Historia de omnibus Gothorum Sueonumque regibus, a fictitious history of Sweden. In Norway, he is known as Charles II. Early life Prince Charles was placed under the tutelage of Hedvig Elisabet Strömfelt and then Ulrica Schönström. He was appointed Swedish Navy#History, grand admiral when he was but few days old. He was described as a good dancer at the amateur theatre of the royal court. Reportedly he was not very close to his mother. The Queen preferred her ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Royal Court
A royal court, often called simply a court when the royal context is clear, is an extended royal household in a monarchy, including all those who regularly attend on a monarch, or another central figure. Hence, the word ''court'' may also be applied to the wikt:coterie, coterie of a senior member of the nobility. Royal courts may have their seat in a designated place, several specific places, or be a mobile, itinerant court. In the largest courts, the royal households, many thousands of individuals constituted the court. These courtiers included the monarch or noble's camarilla and retinue, household, nobility, clergy, those with court appointments, bodyguards, and may also include emissaries from other kingdoms or visitors to the court. Prince étranger, Foreign princes and foreign nobility in exile may also seek refuge at a court. Near Eastern and Far Eastern courts often included the harem and Concubinage, concubines as well as eunuchs who fulfilled a variety of functions. At ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chamberlain (office)
A chamberlain (Medieval Latin: ''cambellanus'' or ''cambrerius'', with charge of treasury ''camerarius'') is a senior royal official in charge of managing a royal household. Historically, the chamberlain superintends the arrangement of domestic affairs and was often also charged with receiving and paying out money kept in the royal chamber. The position was usually awarded as an honour to a high-ranking member of the nobility (nobleman) or the clergy, often a favourite, royal favourite. Roman emperors appointed this officer under the title of ''cubicularius''. The Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church, Chamberlain of the Holy Roman Church enjoys very extensive powers, having the revenues of the papal household under his charge. As a sign of their dignity, chamberlains bore a key, which in the seventeenth century was often silvered, and actually fitted the door-locks of chamber rooms. Since the eighteenth century, it has turned into a merely symbolic, albeit splendid, Order of prece ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lieutenant
A lieutenant ( , ; abbreviated Lt., Lt, LT, Lieut and similar) is a Junior officer, junior commissioned officer rank in the armed forces of many nations, as well as fire services, emergency medical services, Security agency, security services and police forces. The rank in armies and air forces is often subdivided into subcategories of seniority. In Comparative navy officer ranks of Anglophone countries, English-speaking navies, lieutenants are often equivalent to the army rank of Captain (armed forces), captain; in other navies, the lieutenants are usually equal to their army counterparts. ''Lieutenant'' may also appear as part of a title used in various other organisations with a codified command structure. It often designates someone who is "second-in-command", and as such, may precede the name of the rank directly above it. For example, a "lieutenant master" is likely to be second-in-command to the "master" in an organisation using both ranks. Political uses include lieu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Life Guards Of Horse
Life Guards of Horse (, K 1) was a Swedish Army cavalry regiment, first raised in 1770. It saw service for two centuries, before being amalgamated with the Life Regiment Dragoons (K 2) to form the Life Regiment of Horse (K 1) in 1928. History The regiment was raised on 20 February 1770 by Jacob Magnus Sprengtporten as the Finnish Light Dragoon Corps (''Finska lätta dragonkåren''). The unit was set up as a Regular army, regular dragoon corps in Uusimaa Province, Nyland County, Finland as a reinforcement of the border guard along the Kymi (river), Kymmene River. The corps then consisted of 150 men and was based in Porvoo, Borgå. In 1773 the corps was increased to 250 men (5 squadrons), and was given the name Life Guards of Horse (''Livgardet till häst'') and was based partly in Stockholm, partly in Borgå, Finland. In 1777, it was based in Stockholm, Södertälje, Enköping and Sigtuna. From 1811, the unit was only based in Stockholm. After changing its name several times, i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cornet (rank)
Cornet is a military rank formerly used by the armed forces of some countries. Etymology A ''cornet'' or "cornet of horse" was in the 17th and 18th centuries a term for a group of cavalry (typically 100–300 men), so-called because it was accompanied by a cornet player (a trumpet-like instrument, from Old French cornet (14c.), Latin ''cornū'', "horn"). Later "cornet" came to refer to the fifth commissioned officer in a cavalry troop, who carried the Military colours, standards and guidons, colours; it never referred to the cornet player himself. An alternative etymology claims that the term is derived from a ''cornette'', a woman's headdress, with a strip of lace hanging down from a headdress against the cheeks; later it referred to the pennon of a cavalry troop. By country Denmark By 1717, the ranks of and of the Royal Life Guards were officer ranks placed in the Eight class in the Danish order of precedence, normal s and s were placed in the Ninth class. The rank was re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diplomat
A diplomat (from ; romanization, romanized ''diploma'') is a person appointed by a state (polity), state, International organization, intergovernmental, or Non-governmental organization, nongovernmental institution to conduct diplomacy with one or more other states or international organizations. The main functions of diplomats are representation and protection of the interests and nationals of the sending state; initiation and facilitation of strategic agreements, treaties and conventions; and promotion of information, trade and commerce, technology, and friendly relations. Seasoned diplomats of international repute are used in international organizations (for example, the United Nations, the world's largest diplomatic forum) as well as multinational companies for their experience in management and Negotiation, negotiating skills. Diplomats are members of foreign services and diplomatic corps of various nations of the world. The sending state is required to get the consent of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
