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Société Royale Grand-ducale Des Chemins De Fer Guillaume-Luxembourg
The or "Royal Grand Ducal William-Luxembourg Railway Company" (also or just or ''GL''), was a Luxembourgish company, with French capital, created in 1857 to operate the 1855 concessions for the railway lines in the Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg. It constructed a set of lines that made up the railway network called the Guillaume-Luxembourg network. It was never an operating company, transferring this activity to a French company, the Compagnie des chemins de fer de l'Est, then to the Imperial Railways in Alsace-Lorraine in 1872, to the Administration des chemins de fer d'Alsace et de Lorraine in 1919, and then to the SNCF in 1938. During the German occupation in World War II, the Deutsche Reichsbahn operated the network until the liberation; the Guillaume-Luxembourg company ceased to exist as such in 1946 with the creation of the Société nationale des chemins de fer luxembourgeois. History Creation The joint-stock company, named the Société royale grand-ducale des chemins de f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grand-Duchy Of Luxembourg
Luxembourg, officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, is a landlocked country in Western Europe. It is bordered by Belgium to the west and north, Germany to the east, and France on the south. Its capital and most populous city, Luxembourg City, is one of Institutional seats of the European Union, the four institutional seats of the European Union and hosts several European Union, EU institutions, notably the Court of Justice of the European Union, the highest judicial authority in the EU. As part of the Low Countries, Luxembourg has Benelux, close historic, political, and cultural ties to Belgium and the Netherlands. Culture of Luxembourg, Luxembourg's culture, people, and Languages of Luxembourg, languages are greatly influenced by France and Germany: Luxembourgish, a Germanic language, is the only recognized national language of the Luxembourgers, Luxembourgish people and of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; French is the sole language for legislation; and both languages al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Société Nationale Des Chemins De Fer Luxembourgeois
The Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer Luxembourgeois (; Luxembourg National Railway Company; abbr. CFL ) is the national railway company of Luxembourg. In 2024, it carried approximately 31.3 million passengers. As of 2023, the company employs around 5,000 people, making CFL the country's largest corporate employer. The Luxembourg rail system comprises 275 route-kilometres (170 miles), of which is double track and single track. Of the total track length of , are electrified at 25 kV, 50 Hz. Luxembourg borders Belgium, France and Germany. Correspondingly, there are cross-border services into these countries. Some are wholly run by CFL, whereas others are run by SNCF, National Railway Company of Belgium, NMBS/SNCB and Deutsche Bahn, DB. CFL passenger trains cover most of the network. CFL operates most of its passenger trains using Electric multiple unit, EMUs and electric locomotives with push-pull stock. The company also has a fleet of diesel locomotives ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rail Transport In Luxembourg
Rail or rails may refer to: Rail transport *Rail transport and related matters *Railway track or railway lines, the running surface of a railway Arts and media Film * ''Rails'' (film), a 1929 Italian film by Mario Camerini * ''Rail'' (1967 film), a film by Geoffrey Jones for British Transport Films * ''Rail'' (2024 film), a Tamil-language film Magazines * ''Rail'' (magazine), a British rail transport periodical * ''Rails'' (magazine), a former New Zealand based rail transport periodical Other arts *The Rails, a British folk-rock band * Rail (theater) or batten, a pipe from which lighting, scenery, or curtains are hung Technology *Rails framework or Ruby on Rails, a web application framework *Rail system (firearms), a mounting system for firearm attachments *Front engine dragster *Runway alignment indicator lights, a configuration of an approach lighting system *Rule Augmented Interconnect Layout, a specification for expressing guidelines for printed circuit boards; companion ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Rail Transport In Luxembourg
The history of rail transport in Luxembourg began in 1846 and continues to the present day. Origins The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg belonged to the German Confederation from 1815 to 1866 as a sovereign state. The relevant treaties still remained in force after 1871 when the German Empire was founded: the Grand Duchy therefore remained a member of the German Zollverein and connected to the German Empire through a currency union, until 1918. However, until 1890, so in the period during which most of the railways were built, the Grand Duchy was connected in personal union to the Dutch monarchy. Luxembourg's neighbour, Belgium, had definitively split off from the Netherlands in 1839 with the Treaty of London (1839), Treaty of London. Close economic ties continued to remain between Belgium and Luxembourg. The first half of the 19th century was strongly marked by the steam engine, the invention that allowed humans to multiply, to an unexpected extent, their capacities for production, c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vennbahn
The (, "Fen Railway") is a former railway line that was built partly across what was then German territory by the Prussian state railways. It is now entirely in Belgium, because the trackbed of the line, as well as the stations and other installations, were made provisional Belgian territory in 1919 (permanent in 1922) under an article of the Treaty of Versailles. This had the effect of creating six small exclaves of Germany on the line's western side, of which five remain. The treaty (not the location of the trackbed, ''per se'') also created one small Belgian counter-enclave, a traffic island inside a three-way German road intersection near which lasted until 1949. The route is now a cycle way. Route The line, which was standard gauge, ran for some across the High Fens to the south of Aachen in a roughly southward direction from Aachen via (the site of the depot), Monschau and to , with a eastward branch from to and . At Eupen it connected with the line to Herbe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Railway Company Of Belgium
The National Railway Company of Belgium (, NMBS; , SNCB; ) is the national railway company of Belgium. The company formally styles itself using the Dutch and French abbreviations NMBS/SNCB. The corporate logo designed in 1936 by Henry van de Velde consists of the linguistically neutral letter B in a horizontal oval. History NMBS/SNCB is an autonomous government company, formed in 1926 as successor to the Belgian State Railways. From 1942 to 1944, amid Nazi Germany's occupation of Belgium, the company was paid 51 million Belgian francs by the Nazi Germany to send 28 trains carrying 25,843 Jews and Roma people to Auschwitz where only 1,195 survived. The company also sent 16,000 political prisoners to concentration camps. In 2005, the company was split up into three parts: Infrabel, which manages the railway infrastructure, network operations, and network access, the public railway operator NMBS/SNCB itself to manage the freight (B-Cargo) and passenger services, and NMBS/SNCB-Hold ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belgian State Railways
The Belgian State Railways ( ; ) was the original state-owned railway of Belgium. Established by an organic law of 1 May 1834, it began construction of its first line, between Brussels and Mechelen on 1 June 1834. This line, which was opened on 5 May 1835, was also the first steam-powered public railway in continental Europe. On 1 September 1926, the assets and operations of the Belgian State Railways were transferred to its successor, the then newly created National Railway Company of Belgium (; (NMBS/SNCB)), as part of a scheme formulated to eliminate Belgium's then excessive floating debt. Under the scheme, it was intended that Treasury bonds would not be repaid when they fell due; instead, they would be converted into bonds or shares issued by the NMBS/SNCB, or into fresh Treasury bonds, with the holders having the right to take either. See also *History of rail transport in Belgium *Rail transport in Belgium Rail transport in Belgium benefits from an extensive rail ne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Société Nationale Des Chemins De Fer Français
The Société nationale des chemins de fer français (, , SNCF ) is France's national State-owned enterprise, state-owned railway company. Founded in 1938, it operates the Rail transport in France, country's national rail traffic along with that of Monaco, including the TGV, on France's high-speed rail network. Its functions include operation of railway services for passengers and freight (through its subsidiaries SNCF Voyageurs and Rail Logistics Europe), as well as maintenance and signalling of rail infrastructure (SNCF#Divisions, SNCF Réseau). The railway network consists of about of route, of which are high-speed lines and electrified. About 14,000 trains are operated daily. In 2010 the SNCF was ranked 22nd in France and 214th globally on the Fortune Global 500, ''Fortune'' Global 500 list. It is the main business of the SNCF Group, which in 2020 had €30 billion of sales in 120 countries. The SNCF Group employs more than 275,000 employees in France and around the worl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CVE GD Luxembourg 1935 V107 , a U.S. government program
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CVE may refer to: * CVE, the ICAO airline designator for Cabo Verde Express * CVE, the ISO 4217 currency code for the Cape Verdean escudo * CVE, a U.S. Navy designation for escort aircraft carriers * CVE, the ticker symbol for Cenovus Energy on the Toronto and New York stock exchanges * Canadian Venture Exchange, a stock exchange * Collaborative virtual environment, a computer-simulated method of interaction * Commercial vehicle enforcement, another name for commercial vehicle inspection * Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures, a collection of publicly known software vulnerabilities * Countering Violent Extremism Task Force Countering Violent Extremism (CVE) was a US government program established under the Obama administration to counter all violent ideologies held by groups or individuals in the US by engaging communities in the counterterrorism effort and by educa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zollverein
The (), or German Customs Union, was a coalition of States of the German Confederation, German states formed to manage tariffs and economic policies within their territories. Organized by the 1833 treaties, it formally started on 1 January 1834. However, its foundations had been in development from 1818 with the creation of a variety of custom unions among the German states. By 1866, the included most of the German states. The Zollverein was not part of the German Confederation (1815-1866). The foundation of the was the first instance in history in which independent states consummated a full economic union without the simultaneous creation of a political federation or Political union, union. Kingdom of Prussia, Prussia was the primary driver behind the creation of the customs union. Austrian Empire, Austria was excluded from the because of its highly Protectionism, protectionist trade policy, the unwillingness to split its customs territory into the separate Austrian, Hu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Compagnie Des Chemins De Fer De L'Est
The Compagnie des chemins de fer de l'Est (, , CF de l'Est), often referred to simply as the Est company, was an early French railway company. The company was formed in 1853 by the merger of ''Compagnie du chemin de fer de Paris à Strasbourg'', operating the Paris-Strasbourg line, and ''Compagnie du chemin de fer de Montereau à Troyes''. In 1938 it became part of the majority state-owned Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Français (SNCF). History In 1854 the company absorbed the ''Compagnie du chemin de fer de Strasbourg à Bâle'', in 1858 the Compagnie du chemin de fer de Mulhouse à Thann and in 1863 the railway network of the ''compagnie du chemin de fer des Ardennes''. See also * Alsace and Moselle railway network The Alsace and Moselle railway network is a distinctive railway network due to its geographical position—a border region at the heart of Europe—and its history, inseparably tied to the major conflicts of the and centuries and their impact on ... ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Franco-German War Of 1870
The Franco-Prussian War or Franco-German War, often referred to in France as the War of 1870, was a conflict between the Second French Empire and the North German Confederation led by the Kingdom of Prussia. Lasting from 19 July 1870 to 28 January 1871, the conflict was caused primarily by France's determination to reassert its dominant position in continental Europe, which appeared in question following the decisive Prussian victory over Austria in 1866. According to some historians, Prussian chancellor Otto von Bismarck deliberately provoked the French into declaring war on Prussia in order to induce four independent southern German states—Baden, Württemberg, Bavaria and Hesse-Darmstadt—to join the North German Confederation. Other historians contend that Bismarck exploited the circumstances as they unfolded. All agree that Bismarck recognized the potential for new German alliances, given the situation as a whole. France mobilised its army on 15 July 1870, leading the Nor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
