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Skiagusta
A skiagusta (ᎠᏍᎦᏯᎬᏍᏔ, also ''asgayagvsta'', also ''skyagunsta'', also ''skayagusta'') (ᎠᏍᎦᏯᎬᏍᏔ, ''asgayagvsta''), also spelled ''skyagusta'', ''skiagunsta'', ''skyagunsta'', ''skayagunsta'', ''skygusta'', ''askayagusta'', ''asgayagusta'', ''skyacust'', or ''syacust''.Cherokee has 17 verb tenses, 10 persons, and six tones. See is a Cherokee title for a war chief, known as the '''red chief' ''in times of turmoil. The skiagusta was the highest possible rank for a red chief; however, he remained subordinate to the council of the 'white', or peace, chief in non- tactical matters, even during wartime. Cherokee leaders Before the 1794 establishment of the Cherokee Nation, the Cherokee people had no standing government. The citizens were all considered equal, although those with the ability to speak well were highly regarded and held more power in council. The Cherokee people as a whole were historically connected by a decentralized and loose confederacy of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Historic Cherokee Settlements
The historic Cherokee settlements were Cherokee settlements established in Southeastern North America up to the removals of the early 19th century. Several settlements had existed prior to and were initially contacted by explorers and colonists of the colonial powers as they made inroads into frontier areas. Others were established later. In the early 18th century, an estimated 2100 Cherokee people inhabited more than sixteen towns east of the Blue Ridge Mountains and across the Piedmont plains in what was then considered Indian Country."Cherokee "towns" were settlements equipped with a great hall or council halls (Cherokee:''gatuyi'', or town house); villages and satellite settlements usually had no communal great halls." Generally, European visitors noted only the towns with townhouses. Some of their maps included lesser settlements, but "the centers of towns were clearly marked by townhouses and plazas." The early Cherokee towns east of the Blue Ridge Mountains were geogra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dragging Canoe
Dragging Canoe (ᏥᏳ ᎦᏅᏏᏂ, pronounced ''Tsiyu Gansini'', – February 29, 1792) was a Cherokee red (or war) chief who led a band of Cherokee warriors who resisted colonists and United States settlers in the Upper South. During the American Revolution and afterward, Dragging Canoe's forces were sometimes joined by Upper Muskogee, Chickasaw, Shawnee, and Indians from other tribes, along with British Loyalists, and agents of France and Spain. The Cherokee American Wars lasted more than a decade after the end of the American Revolutionary War. During that time, Dragging Canoe became the preeminent war leader among the Indians of the southeast. He served as war chief, or '' skiagusta'', of the group known as the Chickamauga Cherokee (or "Lower Cherokee"), from 1777 until his death in 1792. Biography Tsiyu Gansini was born about 1738. Dragging Canoe was the son of Attakullakulla (''Tsalagi'', or "Little Carpenter")—a Nipissing head-man—and ''Nionne Ollie'' ("Tam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cherokee Nation (1794–1907)
The Cherokee Nation (Cherokee: ᏣᎳᎩᎯ ᎠᏰᎵ, pronounced ''Tsalagihi Ayeli'') was a legal, autonomous, tribal government in North America recognized from 1794 to 1907. It was often referred to simply as "The Nation" by its inhabitants. The government was effectively disbanded in 1907, after its land rights had been extinguished, prior to the admission of Oklahoma as a state. During the late 20th century, the Cherokee people reorganized, instituting a government with sovereign jurisdiction known as the Cherokee Nation. On July 9, 2020, the United States Supreme Court ruled that the Muscogee (Creek) Nation (and by extension the Cherokee Nation) had never been disestablished in the years before allotment and Oklahoma Statehood. The Cherokee Nation consisted of the Cherokee (ᏣᎳᎩ —pronounced ''Tsalagi'' or ''Cha-la-gee'') people of the Qualla Boundary and the southeastern United States; those who relocated voluntarily from the southeastern United States to the I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ostenaco
Ostenaco (; , or "Bighead"; c. 1710 – 1780)Kate Fullagar ''The Warrior, the Voyager, and the Artist: Three Lives in an Age of Empire,''Yale University Press 2020 p.13. was a Cherokee leader, warrior, orator, and leader of diplomacy with British colonial authorities in the 18th century. By his thirties, he had assumed the warrior rank of "''otacity''" (mankiller), and the title "''tassite''" of Great Tellico. He eventually rose to assume the higher Cherokee rank of chief-warrior (or "'' skiagusta''"—meaning 'red chief'). Early life Ostenaco was born in the settled Cherokee town of Tellico in present-day Tellico Plains, Tennessee, in . It has been conjectured that he was born into the ''Ani-waya'' (Wolf) clan, which was associated with bearing the most warriors. He was often referred to among white colonists as Judd's Friend, referring to his relationship of a trader by that name After the Creek Indians assaulted Tellico in 1753, he resettled in Tomotley in present-day ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asheville Citizen-Times
The ''Asheville Citizen-Times'' is a daily newspaper of Asheville, North Carolina. It was formed in 1991 as a result of a merger of the morning ''Asheville Citizen'' and the afternoon ''Asheville Times''. It is owned by Gannett. History Founded in 1870 as a weekly, the ''North Carolina Citizen'' became a daily newspaper in 1885. Writers Thomas Wolfe, O. Henry, both buried in Asheville, and F. Scott Fitzgerald, a frequent visitor to Asheville, frequently could be found in the newsroom in earlier days. In 1930 the ''Citizen'' came under common ownership with the ''Times'', which was first established in 1896 as the ''Asheville Gazette''. The latter paper merged with a short-lived rival, the ''Asheville Evening News'', to form the ''Asheville Gazette-News'' and was renamed ''The Asheville Times'' by new owner Charles A. Webb. The ''Citizen'' was in a former YMCA and the press was in the swimming pool. The ''Times'' was in the Jackson Building (Asheville, North Carolina), Jackson ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cherokee Culture
The Cherokee (; , or ) people are one of the Indigenous peoples of the Southeastern Woodlands of the United States. Prior to the 18th century, they were concentrated in their homelands, in towns along river valleys of what is now southwestern North Carolina, southeastern Tennessee, southwestern Virginia, edges of western South Carolina, northern Georgia and northeastern Alabama with hunting grounds in Kentucky, together consisting of around 40,000 square miles. The Cherokee language is part of the Iroquoian language group. In the 19th century, James Mooney, an early American ethnographer, recorded one oral tradition that told of the tribe having migrated south in ancient times from the Great Lakes region, where other Iroquoian peoples have been based. However, anthropologist Thomas R. Whyte, writing in 2007, dated the split among the peoples as occurring earlier. He believes that the origin of the proto-Iroquoian language was likely the Appalachian region, and the split betwe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tustenuggee
''Tustenuggee'' ( in Muscogee) was a Muscogee title for the war leader of a tribal town. The ''tustenuggee'' was appointed by the ''micco'' (civil chief), and was responsible for leading the towns' warriors, advising the civil chief on matters relating to war, maintaining public order, and organizing stickball games with other towns. Most Seminole leaders from the period of the Seminole Wars are known by their war titles, which were always Muscogee in form, no matter what their primary language was. Tustenuggee has also become the surname of some descendants of Black Seminoles, probably from the association of an ancestor with a Seminole holding the title of ''tustenuggee''. Most of the following ''tustenuggees'' are known from the first half of the 19th century in Florida, primarily from the Second Seminole War: * Chitto Tustenuggee, known as "Snake Warrior" to whites. He was sent by Abiaka to negotiate with the U.S. Army in 1839, and reached an (ultimately unsuccessful) agreeme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Beloved Man
Principal Chief is today the title of the chief executives of the Cherokee Nation, of the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians, and of the United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians, the three federally recognized tribes of Cherokee. In the eighteenth century, when the people were primarily organized by clans and towns, they would appoint a leader for negotiations with the Europeans. They called him ''Uku'', or "First Beloved Man". The title of "Principal Chief" was created in 1794, when the Cherokee began to formalize a more centralized political structure. They founded the original Cherokee Nation (19th century), Cherokee Nation. The Cherokee Nation–East adopted a written constitution in 1827, creating a government with three branches: legislative, executive, and judicial. The Principal Chief was elected by the National Council, which was the legislature of the Nation. The Cherokee Nation–West adopted a similar constitution in 1833. In 1839 most of the reunited nation was reunit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ghigau
Ghigau (Cherokee: ᎩᎦᎤ) or Agigaue (Cherokee:ᎠᎩᎦᎤᎡ) is a Cherokee prestigious title meaning "beloved woman" or "war woman".''Cherokee Women'' . First People: The Legends. Retrieved August 5, 2012.. Texas Cherokees. Retrieved August 5, 2012. The title was a recognition of great honor for women who made a significant impact within their community or exhibited great heroism on the battlefield. When a woman was bestowed as a Ghigau she was given great honor and responsibility. The role has changed in Cherokee culture, but the |
Cherokee Military History
The Cherokee people of the southeastern United States, and later Oklahoma and surrounding areas, have a long military history. Since European contact, Cherokee military activity has been documented in European records. Cherokee tribes and bands had a number of conflicts during the 18th century with Europeans, primarily British colonists from the Southern Colonies. The Eastern Band and Cherokees from the Indian Territory (now Oklahoma) fought in the American Civil War, with bands allying with the Union or the Confederacy. Because many Cherokees allied with the Confederacy, the United States government required a new treaty with the nation after the war. Cherokees have also served in the United States military during the 20th and 21st centuries. Traditional military leadership Before the 18th century, Cherokee political leadership (much like that of the neighboring Muscogee and Natchez tribes) was dual or shared by two chiefs: "white" (peace) and "red" (war) leaders. During a co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tomotley
Tomotley (also known as Tamahli) is a prehistoric and historic Native American site along the lower Little Tennessee River in Monroe County, Tennessee, in the southeastern United States. Occupied as early as the Archaic period (8000 to 1000 BCE), the Tomotley () site was occupied particularly during the Mississippian culture period, which was likely when its earthwork platform mounds were built. It was also occupied during the eighteenth century as a Cherokee town. It revealed an unexpected style: an octagonal townhouse and square or rectangular residences. In the Overhill period, Cherokee townhouses found in the Carolinas in the same period were circular in design, with, In the late 20th century, the Tomotley site was submerged by Tellico Lake, an impoundment of the lower Little Tennessee River and lower Tellico River, after construction of a dam managed by the Tennessee Valley Authority. The site is visible from Toqua Beach and the Toqua Boat Ramp, both of which are managed b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
London
London is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of both England and the United Kingdom, with a population of in . London metropolitan area, Its wider metropolitan area is the largest in Western Europe, with a population of 14.9 million. London stands on the River Thames in southeast England, at the head of a tidal estuary down to the North Sea, and has been a major settlement for nearly 2,000 years. Its ancient core and financial centre, the City of London, was founded by the Roman Empire, Romans as Londinium and has retained its medieval boundaries. The City of Westminster, to the west of the City of London, has been the centuries-long host of Government of the United Kingdom, the national government and Parliament of the United Kingdom, parliament. London grew rapidly 19th-century London, in the 19th century, becoming the world's List of largest cities throughout history, largest city at the time. Since the 19th cen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
