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Siege Of Damietta (1218–1219)
The siege of Damietta of 1218–1219 was part of the Fifth Crusade in which the Crusaders attacked the Egyptian port city of Damietta. The city, under the control of the Ayyubid sultan al-Kamil, was besieged in 1218 and taken by the Crusaders in 1219. At the beginning of the Fifth Crusade, it was agreed that a force would attempt to take Damietta, located at the mouth of the river Nile. The Crusaders then planned to use this city as a launching point for the southern portion of a pincer attack upon Jerusalem from Acre and Suez. Control over the area would also provide wealth to finance the continuation of the crusade, and reduce the threat from the Muslim fleet.Douglas Sterling, "Crusader Siege in the Nile Delta," ''Military History'' 22, no. 5 (August 2005). By 1221, Damietta was lost when Crusader forces surrendered the city and evacuated Egypt. Preparation In March 1218, the Crusader ships of the Fifth Crusade set sail to the port of Acre. In late May, the forces assigned to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fifth Crusade
The Fifth Crusade (September 1217 - August 29, 1221) was a campaign in a series of Crusades by Western Europeans to reacquire Jerusalem and the rest of the Holy Land by first conquering Egypt, ruled by the powerful Ayyubid sultanate, led by al-Adil, brother of Saladin. After the failure of the Fourth Crusade, Innocent III again called for a crusade, and began organizing Crusading armies led by Andrew II of Hungary and Leopold VI of Austria, soon to be joined by John of Brienne, titular King of Jerusalem. An initial campaign in late 1217 in Syria was inconclusive, and Andrew departed. A German army led by cleric Oliver of Paderborn, and a mixed army of Dutch, Flemish and Frisian soldiers led by William I of Holland, then joined the Crusade in Acre, with a goal of first conquering Egypt, viewed as the key to Jerusalem. There, cardinal Pelagius Galvani arrived as papal legate and ''de facto'' leader of the Crusade, supported by John of Brienne and the masters of the Templar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pelagio Galvani
Pelagio Galvani (c. 1165 – 30 January 1230, Portuguese: Latin: Pelagius) was a Leonese cardinal, and canon lawyer. He became a papal legate and leader of the Fifth Crusade. Born at Guimarães, his early life is little known. It is repeatedly claimed that he entered the Order of Saint Benedict but this is not proven. Pope Innocent III created him cardinal-deacon of Santa Lucia in Septisolio around 1206. Later, he was promoted to the rank of cardinal-priest of S. Cecilia (probably on 2 April 1211), and finally opted for the suburbicarian see of Albano in the spring of 1213. He subscribed the papal bulls between 4 May 1207 and 26 January 1230. He was sent on a diplomatic mission to Constantinople in 1213. During this two-year mission he attempted to close Orthodox churches and imprison the clergy, but this caused such domestic upset that Henry of Flanders, the Latin Emperor of Constantinople, reversed his actions which had caused the "tempest which held the city of Constanti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gillis Berthout
{{Infobox noble , name = Gillis Berthout , title = Chamberlain of FlandersLord of Leffinge, Lichtervelde, and Oudenburg (by marriage) , image = , caption = , CoA = Or, three pales gules , more = no , succession = , reign = , reign-type = , predecessor = , successor = , suc-type = , spouse = Catherina of Bailleul , spouse-type = Married , issue = Gillis, Louis, Elizabeth, Oda , issue-link = , issue-pipe = , full name = , noble family = Berthout , house-type = , father = Walter II Berthout , mother = Goda of Loon, daughter of Louis I, Count of Loon , birth_date = 1175/80 , birth_place = , christening_date = , christening_place = , death_date = 1241 , death_place = , burial_date = , burial_place = , oc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erard II Of Chacenay
Erard II (died 16 June 1236) was the Sire de Chacenay (Chassenay) from 1190/1. He was the eldest son of Erard I of Chacenay and Mathilde de Donzy. Life In 1209 Erard, with the consent of his unnamed wife, confirmed a donation to Basse-Fontaine by a certain ''Agnete'', specified as ''domina'' of Chacenay, probably his grandmother Agnes de Brienne. During the succession crisis of Champagne, Erard was the strongest support of Erard of Brienne-Ramerupt and was the last to reconcile with Blanche of Navarre. Uneasy with the result in Champagne, Erard took part in the Fifth Crusade (1217), but was back in Europe by 1220. In July 1219 Erard's cousin, Hervé, Count of Nevers, confirmed a donation Erard had made to the Teutonic Knights, while Erard was at the siege of Damietta. Upon his return, Erard paid homage to Theobald, Count of Champagne and made a donation to the convent of Argensolles, which had been founded by Blanche of Navarre. He was a patron of the trouvère Guiot de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aymar De Lairon
Aymar de Lairon (died 1219), also Adeymar, Adémar or Aimerich, was the lord of Caesarea in right of his wife from at least 1193 until her death between 1213 and 1216. During this period he was a prominent figure in the Kingdom of Jerusalem. As a widower he became the marshal of the Knights Hospitaller until his own death in battle. Lord of Caesarea Aymar witnessed a charter of Count Henry II of Champagne, husband of Queen Isabella I of Jerusalem, in 1193, subscribing as ''Azemarus Cesariensis dominus'' ("Aymar, Caesarean lord").John L. LaMonte, "The Lords of Caesarea in the Period of the Crusades", ''Speculum'' 22, 2 (1947): 153–54. He subscribed a second royal act with the same title the next year (1194). The wife in whose right he held the title, Juliana, is not herself recorded as the lady of Caesarea until 1197, when together they confirmed a grant made by her brother, Walter II, on his deathbed. Between 1201 and 1213 he and his wife jointly issued a number of charters. Ay ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alamanno Da Costa
Alamanno da Costa (active 1193–1224, died before 1229) was a Genoese admiral. He became the count of Syracuse in the Kingdom of Sicily, and led naval expeditions throughout the eastern Mediterranean. He was an important figure in Genoa's longstanding conflict with Pisa and in the origin of its conflict with Venice. The historian Ernst Kantorowicz called him a "famous prince of pirates". Early free-lance career Alamanno came from Genoa's mercantile class, and the earliest record of him dates from 1193, when he joined an ''accomende'', a commercial partnership, directed towards Sicily. In 1204, Alamanno and his son Benvenuto, on their own initiative, set out aboard the ''Carroccia'' in search of the Pisan corsair ''Leopardo''. The ''Carroccia'' and ''Leopardo'' were both classed as ''navi''—broad-beamed, lateen-rigged ships. The former had on board 500 armed men, and the latter probably half as many. The inventory taken after Alamanno successfully captured the ''Leopardo'' and int ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adolf VI, Count Of Berg
Count Adolf VI of Berg (born before 1176 – died 7 August 1218 at Damiette during the Hungarian crusade against Egypt) ruled the County of Berg from 1197 until 1218. Life He was the son of Engelbert I of Berg and Margaret of Geldern, and the oldest brother of Engelbert II of Berg (1185–1225), also known as Engelbert of Cologne or Saint Engelbert. Adolf married Berta von Sayn (died 1244), a daughter of Henry II von Sayn and Agnes zu Saffenberg. They had one daughter: *Irmgard of Berg, heiress of Berg (died 1248–9). She married Henry IV, Duke of Limburg. In 1212 Adolf took part to the Albigensian Crusade against the Cathars. And in 1215 he took over the Kaiserpfalz Kaiserswerth. Adolf left on 1218 with the Fifth Crusade to Egypt and died on 7 August 1218 of a plague as commander of the Lower-Rhenish and Frisian troops in Damiette, in the delta of the Nile. His brother, the Archbishop Engelbert II of Berg followed him as ruler of Berg, which later went to the husband ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Feast Of The Purification
Candlemas, also known as the Feast of the Presentation of Jesus Christ, the Feast of the Purification of the Blessed Virgin Mary, or the Feast of the Holy Encounter, is a Christian feast day commemorating the presentation of Jesus at the Temple by Joseph and Mary. It is based upon the account of the presentation of Jesus in Luke 2:22–40. According to the Old Testament rules in Leviticus 12, a woman was to be purified by presenting a lamb as a burnt offering, and either a young pigeon or dove as sin offering, 33 days after a boy's circumcision. The feast falls on 2 February, which is traditionally the 40th day of and the conclusion of the Christmas–Epiphany season. While it is customary for Christians in some countries to remove their Christmas decorations on Twelfth Night (Epiphany Eve), those in other Christian countries historically remove them after Candlemas. On Candlemas, many Christians (especially Catholics, Eastern Orthodox, and some mainline Protestant denom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Montreal (Crusader Castle)
Montreal (; ), or Qal'at ash-Shawbak () in Arabic, is a castle built by the Crusaders and expanded by the Mamluks, on the eastern side of the Arabah Valley, perched on the side of a rocky, conical mountain, looking out over fruit orchards below. The ruins are located next to the modern town of Shoubak in Jordan. Name The Crusaders, who wrote their chronicles in Medieval Latin, Old French and Occitan, mentioned the castle as Castrum Saboach or Scobach, or as Mons Regalis, Mont Real, and Monreal. The second set of variants translate to 'Royal Castle' or 'King's Castle'. The Arabic name is spelled variously as Shobak, Shawbak, Shaubak, Shubek, etc. The word castle or fortress translates in Arabic to Qalat (fortress)">''qal'a''. Excavation history As of 1994, the castle had never yet been fully excavated, but as of 2006 it was being investigated by an Italian archaeological team from the University of Florence. History The castle was built in 1115 by Baldwin I of Jerusalem d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Karak
Al-Karak (), in English sources often simply Karak, is a city in Jordan known for its medieval castle, the Kerak Castle. The castle is one of the three largest castles in the region, the other two being in Syria. Al-Karak is the capital city of the Karak Governorate. Al-Karak lies to the south of Amman on the ancient King's Highway. It is situated on a hilltop about above sea level and is surrounded on three sides by a valley. Al-Karak has a view of the Dead Sea. A city of about 32,216 people (2005) grew up around castle. The town is built on a triangular plateau with the castle at its narrow southern tip. History Iron Age to Assyrian period Al-Karak has been inhabited since at least the Iron Age, and was an important city for the Moabites. In the Bible it is called ''Kir-haresh'', ''Kir-hareseth'' or Kir of Moab, and is identified as having been subject to the Neo-Assyrian Empire; in the Books of Kings () and Book of Amos (), it is mentioned as the place where the Ara ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jerusalem
Jerusalem is a city in the Southern Levant, on a plateau in the Judaean Mountains between the Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean and the Dead Sea. It is one of the List of oldest continuously inhabited cities, oldest cities in the world, and is considered Holy city, holy to the three major Abrahamic religions—Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Both Israel and Palestine claim Jerusalem as their capital city; Israel maintains its primary governmental institutions there, while Palestine ultimately foresees it as its seat of power. Neither claim is widely Status of Jerusalem, recognized internationally. Throughout History of Jerusalem, its long history, Jerusalem has been destroyed at least twice, Siege of Jerusalem (other), besieged 23 times, captured and recaptured 44 times, and attacked 52 times. According to Eric H. Cline's tally in Jerusalem Besieged. The part of Jerusalem called the City of David (historic), City of David shows first signs of settlement in the 4th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
