|
Selema Of Kanem
Selema or Salmama (Selema bin ʿAbdallāh), sometimes enumerated as Selema II or Selema III, was the '' mai'' of the Kanem–Bornu Empire in 1322–1326. Life Selema was the son of Abdullah II and Kime. He succeeded his father as ''mai'' in 1322. Selema's reign was turbulent as the empire came under attack from the Sao groups of southern Lake Chad. Selema's predecessors had greatly reduced the Sao, but had not succeeded in wiping them out or fully occupying their territory. The Sao rose against the Kanem–Bornu Empire in Selema's time and were apparently a great threat. Later tradition attributed the initial success of the Sao to a curse placed upon Selema's father by an "afflicted mother". In 1326, Selema was killed in battle against the Sao. He was succeeded as ''mai'' by his brother Kuri I Gana Kuri I Gana (Kure Gana bin ʿAbdallāh) was the '' mai'' of the Kanem–Bornu Empire in 1326–1327. Life Kuri Gana was the son of Abdullah II and an unknown mother. He succeeded ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Mais Of Kanem–Bornu
The ''mai'' (sometimes translated as king or emperor) was the monarch of the Kanem–Bornu Empire from its foundation 700 until the ''mai''s were replaced as rulers by the List of shehus of Bornu, ''shehu''s in the mid-19th century. The line of ''mai''s is largely reconstructed through the ''girgam'', the empire's royal chronicle. The ''girgam'' was preserved through oral tradition before transcriptions by European scholars in the mid-19th century. The ''girgam'' is not entirely reliable since it was preserved orally and contains some contradictions between different versions. There is however a large degree of agreement across different versions of the ''girgam'' as to the names of rulers and the lengths of their reigns. Because the slightly different versions of the ''girgam'' and a lack of precise dates, names and lengths of reign assigned to the ''mai''s may differ in different sources. For the sake of comparison, this list includes dates from different authors for each ruler. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kanem–Bornu Empire
The Kanem–Bornu Empire was an empire based around Lake Chad that once ruled areas which are now part of Nigeria, Niger, Cameroon, Libya, Algeria, Sudan, and Chad. The empire was sustained by the prosperous trans-Saharan trade and was one of the oldest and longest-lived List of kingdoms and empires in African history, empires in African history. The foundation and early history of the Kanem–Bornu Empire is poorly known. The state is typically dated to have been founded around the year 700, though it may have been established centuries earlier or later. The ruling Duguwa dynasty ruled from their capital Njimi in the Kanem (region), Kanem region and used the ruling title ''List of mais of Kanem–Bornu, mai''. By the 11th century, the Duguwa had been replaced by the Sayfawa dynasty and the empire had converted to Islam. Economic factors and conflict with the Bilala people caused the empire to lose Kanem in the 14th century. ''Mai'' Omar I of Kanem, Omar I re-centered the empire i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abdullah II Of Kanem
Abdullah II (ʿAbdallāh bin Kade) was the '' mai'' of the Kanem–Bornu Empire The Kanem–Bornu Empire was an empire based around Lake Chad that once ruled areas which are now part of Nigeria, Niger, Cameroon, Libya, Algeria, Sudan, and Chad. The empire was sustained by the prosperous trans-Saharan trade and was one of the ... in 1311–1322. Life Abdullah was the son of Kade I and Fatima. He succeeded his cousin Ibrahim I Nikale as ''mai'' in 1311, after Ibrahim had been murdered by a group led by a man named Yerama Muhammad. Abdullah was a just ruler. He punished Ibrahim's murderers and defeated a figure named Bagharimi, who had apparently been a rival of some sort in Ibrahim's reign. After this, Abdullah is said to have "established his power with a strong hand". Abdullah had multiple consorts, including Kime and Kagala. He was succeeded in 1322 by his son Selema. References Rulers of the Kanem Empire 14th-century monarchs in Africa {{Africa-royal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kuri I Gana
Kuri I Gana (Kure Gana bin ʿAbdallāh) was the '' mai'' of the Kanem–Bornu Empire in 1326–1327. Life Kuri Gana was the son of Abdullah II and an unknown mother. He succeeded his brother Selema as ''mai'' in 1326, after Selema's death in battle against the Sao. The Sao lived south of Lake Chad Lake Chad (, Kanuri language, Kanuri: ''Sádǝ'', ) is an endorheic freshwater lake located at the junction of four countries: Nigeria, Niger, Chad, and Cameroon, in western and central Africa respectively, with a catchment area in excess of . ... and had been greatly reduced, but not wiped out or completely subjugated, under earlier ''mai''s. The Sao rose up against the empire in Selema's time. After a brief reign, Kuri Gana was likewise defeated and killed in battle by the Sao. He was succeeded as ''mai'' by another brother, Kuri II Kura. References Rulers of the Kanem Empire 14th-century monarchs in Africa {{Africa-royal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abd Al-Jalil II Of Kanem
Abd al-Jalil II (ʿAbd al-Jalīl bin ʿAbdallāh), also known as Selema ("the Black"), was the ''List of mais of Kanem–Bornu, mai'' of the Kanem–Bornu Empire in 1194–1221. Life Abd al-Jalil was the son of Abdullah I Bikur and Huwa. He succeeded his father as ''mai'' in 1194. The reign of Abd al-Jalil was a prosperous one and his reign saw the Kanem–Bornu Empire rise to dominate "the whole Sahara, desert". Abd al-Jalil's consort was named Dibala. They had at least one son together, Dunama II Dabbalemi, who succeeded Abd al-Jalil as ''mai'' in 1221. References Rulers of the Kanem Empire 12th-century monarchs in Africa {{Africa-royal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abd Al-Jalil I Of Kanem
Abd al-Jalil I, sometimes referred to as Jil, Selma, Selema, or Samir-agha, depending on the source, is said to have been the last '' mai'' of the Kanem–Bornu Empire to belong to the Duguwa dynasty. The Duguwa ''mai''s are due to a lack of contemporary evidence generally treated as legendary figures of uncertain historicity. If Abd al-Jalil was a real ruler, he may have ruled in 1081–1085. Life Abd al-Jalil I is said to have been the second ruler of Kanem to be Muslim, after the conversion of his predecessor Hu. Abd al-Jalil was Hu's child, but it is unclear if Hu was male or female. Abd al-Jalil's other parent may have been called Bure, though that name appears only in one source. Abd al-Jalil's consort was named Tigiram. Abd al-Jalil is said to have been overthrown after a short reign by Hummay Hummay (Hummay bin ʿAbd al-Jalīl), also referred to as Umme, Houmé or Hume, was the '' mai'' of the Kanem–Bornu Empire in 1085–1097. Life Hummay is considered to be th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sao Civilisation
The Sao civilization (also called So) flourished in Central Africa from the 6th century BCE or 5th century BCE, to as late as the 16th century AD. The Sao lived by the Chari River basin in territory that later became part of Cameroon and Chad. They were the earliest civilization to have left clear traces of their presence in the territory of modern Cameroon. Sometime around the 16th century, conversion to Islam changed the cultural identity of the former Sao. Today, several ethnic groups of northern Cameroon and southern Chad, but particularly the Sara people, Sara and Kotoko people, Kotoko, claim descent from the civilization of the Sao. Origins The Sao civilization is hypothesized to have descended from the earlier Archaeology of Zilum, Gajiganna culture of Lake Chad, which dated from about the 18th to the 9th century BCE, eventually taking Sao form between the 11th and 4th centuries BCE, such that, by the end of the first millennium BCE, Sao presence was well established around ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rulers Of The Kanem Empire
A ruler, sometimes called a rule, scale, line gauge, or metre/meter stick, is an instrument used to make length measurements, whereby a length is read from a series of markings called "rules" along an edge of the device. Usually, the instrument is rigid and the edge itself is a straightedge ("ruled straightedge"), which additionally allows one to draw straighter lines. Rulers are an important tool in geometry, geography and mathematics. They have been used since at least 2650 BC. Variants Rulers have long been made from different materials and in multiple sizes. Historically, they were mainly wood but plastics have also been used. They can be created with length markings instead of being scribed. Metal is also used for more durable rulers for use in the workshop; sometimes a metal edge is embedded into a wooden desk ruler to preserve the edge when used for straight-line cutting. Typically in length, though some can go up to 100 cm, it is useful for a ruler to be on a des ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
