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Segregation Academy
Segregation academies are private schools in the Southern United States that were founded in the mid-20th century by white parents to avoid having their children attend Racial segregation in the United States, desegregated public schools. They were founded between 1954, when the United States Supreme Court, U.S. Supreme Court Brown v. Board of Education, ruled that segregated public schools were unconstitutional, and 1976, when the court Runyon v. McCrary, ruled similarly about private schools. While many of these schools still existmost with low percentages of minority students even todaythey may not legally discriminate against students or prospective students based on any considerations of religion, race or ethnicity that serve to exclude non-white students. The laws that permitted their racially-discriminatory operation, including government subsidies and tax exemption, were invalidated by U.S. Supreme Court decisions. After ''Runyon v. McCrary'' (1976), all of these private ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Delta Academy, Inverness, MS
Central is an adjective usually referring to being in the center (other), center of some place or (mathematical) object. Central may also refer to: Directions and generalised locations * Central Africa, a region in the centre of Africa continent, also known as Middle Africa * Central America, a region in the centre of America continent * Central Asia, a region in the centre of Eurasian continent * Central Australia, a region of the Australian continent * Central Belt, an area in the centre of Scotland * Central Europe, a region of the European continent * Central London, the centre of London * Central Region (other) * Central United States, a region of the United States of America Specific locations Countries * Central African Republic, a country in Africa States and provinces * Blue Nile (state) or Central, a state in Sudan * Central Department, Paraguay * Central Province (Kenya) * Central Province (Papua New Guinea) * Central Province (Solomon Islands) * Ce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Disfranchisement After Reconstruction Era
Disfranchisement after the Reconstruction era in the United States, especially in the Southern United States, was based on a series of laws, new constitutions, and practices in the South that were deliberately used to prevent black citizens from registering to vote and voting. These measures were enacted by the former Confederate states at the turn of the 20th century. Efforts were also made in Maryland, Kentucky, and Oklahoma. Their actions were designed to thwart the objective of the Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, ratified in 1870, which prohibited states from depriving voters of their voting rights based on race. The laws were frequently written in ways to be ostensibly non-racial on paper (and thus not violate the Fifteenth Amendment), but were implemented in ways that selectively suppressed black voters apart from other voters. In the 1870s, white racists had used violence by domestic terrorism groups (such as the Ku Klux Klan), as well as fraud, to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coit V
Coit may refer to: People * Adela Coit (1863–1932) German women's suffragist *Coit Albertson Edward Coit Albertson (October 14, 1880 – December 13, 1953) was an American stage and film actor. Biography Albertson was born in Reading, Pennsylvania, the son of George and Elizabeth (née Stock) Albertson, and began his acting career on Br ..., American actor * Coit D. Blacker, Special Assistant to the President * Daniel Coit Gilman, American educator * James Milnor Coit, American teacher * John Coit Spooner, senator from Wisconsin * Joshua Coit: American lawyer and politician * Judson B. Coit Observatory, the astronomical observatory of the Boston University * Lillie Hitchcock Coit, firefighter and eccentric * Madelin Coit, American multi-media artist * Moses Coit Tyler, American author * Stanton Coit, writer on ethics Other * Coit Tower, landmark in San Francisco * Battle of Cat Coit Celidon, a battle in Arthurian legends * English profanity See also * Koit (other) * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States Court Of Appeals For The District Of Columbia Circuit
The United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (in case citations, D.C. Cir.) is one of the thirteen United States Courts of Appeals. It has the smallest geographical jurisdiction of any of the U.S. courts of appeals, and it covers only the United States District Court for the District of Columbia, U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia. It meets at the E. Barrett Prettyman United States Courthouse in Washington, D.C., Washington, DC. The D.C. Circuit is often considered to be second only to the United States Supreme Court, U.S. Supreme Court in status and prestige, and it is sometimes unofficially termed "the second highest court in the land". Because its jurisdiction covers the District of Columbia, it tends to be the main federal appellate court for issues of U.S. United States administrative law, administrative law and United States constitutional law, constitutional law. Four of the nine current Supreme Court justices were previously judg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
African Americans In Mississippi
African Americans in Mississippi or Black Mississippians are residents of the state of Mississippi who are of African American ancestry. As of the 2019 U.S. Census estimates, African Americans were 37.8% of the state's population which is the highest in the nation. African Americans were brought to Mississippi for cotton production during the slave trade. History In 1718, French officials established rules to allow the importation of African slaves into the Biloxi area. By 1719, the first African slaves arrived. Most of those early enslaved people in Mississippi were Caribbean Creoles. The movement of importing black slaves to Mississippi peaked in the 1830s, when more than 100,000 black slaves may have entered Mississippi. The largest slave market was located at the Forks of the Road in Natchez. As the demographer William H. Frey noted, "In Mississippi, I think it's dentifying as mixed racechanged from within." [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Montgomery Academy, Alabama
The Montgomery Academy is a non-sectarian independent day school located in Montgomery, Alabama. The Lower School accommodates kindergarten through fourth grade and the Upper School fifth through twelfth. The school's current total enrollment is just under 900, of which approximately 300 are in the Upper School. Montgomery Academy was founded in 1959 as a segregation academy. History Background In December 1958 the Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA) sued the city of Montgomery to force an end to racial segregation in the city's public parks. Rather than accede to this demand the city closed down all of its parks, including the Montgomery Zoo, effective on January 1, 1959. In response to this, Martin Luther King Jr. on behalf of the MIA, announced that the Association would attempt to end racial segregation in Montgomery public schools by having large numbers of black children apply for admission to white schools in order to provide test cases which might allow a judg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vanderbilt University
Vanderbilt University (informally Vandy or VU) is a private university, private research university in Nashville, Tennessee, United States. Founded in 1873, it was named in honor of shipping and railroad magnate Cornelius Vanderbilt, who provided the school its initial $1 million endowment in the hopes that his gift and the greater work of the university would help to heal the sectional wounds inflicted by the American Civil War. Vanderbilt is a founding member of the Southeastern Conference and has been the conference's only private school since 1966. The university comprises ten schools and enrolls nearly 13,800 students from the US and 70 foreign countries. Vanderbilt is Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education, classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity". Several research centers and institutes are affiliated with the university, including the Robert Penn Warren, Robert Penn Warren Center for the Humanities, the Freedom Foru ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catholic Church In The United States
The Catholic Church in the United States is part of the worldwide Catholic Church in full communion, communion with the pope, who as of 2025 is Chicago, Illinois-born Pope Leo XIV, Leo XIV. With 23 percent of the United States' population , the Catholic Church is the country's second-largest religious grouping after Protestantism in the United States, Protestantism, and the country's largest single church if Protestantism is divided into separate Christian denomination, denominations. In a 2020 Gallup, Inc., Gallup poll, 25% of Americans said they were Catholic. The United States has the fourth-largest Catholic Church by country, Catholic population in the world, after Catholic Church in Brazil, Brazil, Catholic Church in Mexico, Mexico, and the Catholic Church in the Philippines, Philippines. History Catholicism has had a significant cultural, social, and political impact on the United States. Early colonial period One of the Thirteen Colonies of British America, the Pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protestantism In The United States
Protestantism is the largest grouping of Christians in the United States, with its combined denominations collectively comprising about 43% of the country's population (or 141 million people) in 2019. Other estimates suggest that 48.5% of the U.S. population (or 157 million people) is Protestant. Simultaneously, this corresponds to around 20% of the world's total Protestant population. The U.S. contains the largest Protestant population of any country in the world. Baptists comprise about one-third of American Protestants. The Southern Baptist Convention is the largest single Protestant denomination in the U.S., comprising one-tenth of American Protestants. Twelve of the original Thirteen Colonies were Protestant, with only Maryland having a sizable Catholic population due to Lord Baltimore's religious tolerance. The country's history is often traced back to the Pilgrim Fathers whose Brownist beliefs motivated their move from England to the New World. These English Dissenters ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
School Desegregation
In the United States, school integration (also known as desegregation) is the process of ending race-based segregation within American public, and private schools. Racial segregation in schools existed throughout most of American history and remains an issue in contemporary education. During the Civil Rights Movement school integration became a priority, but since then '' de facto'' segregation has again become prevalent. School segregation declined rapidly during the late 1960s and early 1970s. Segregation appears to have increased since 1990. The disparity in the average poverty rate in the schools whites attend and blacks attend is the single most important factor in the educational achievement gap between white and black students. Background Early history of integrated schools Some schools in the United States were integrated before the mid-20th century, the first ever being Lowell High School in Massachusetts, which has accepted students of all races since its foundi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
