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Sefer HaYashar (midrash)
Sefer haYashar () is a medieval Hebrew language, Hebrew ''midrash'', also known as the Toledot Adam and Divrei haYamim heArukh. The Hebrew title "Sefer haYashar" might be translated as the "Book of Righteousness" (or literally "Book of the Straight") but it is known in English translation mostly as The Book of Jasher following English tradition. Its author is unknown. Other books of the same name The book is named after the Sefer HaYashar (Biblical references), Book of Jasher mentioned in Book of Joshua, Joshua and Books of Samuel, 2 Samuel. Although it is presented as the original "Book of Jasher" in translations such as that of Moses Samuel (1840), it is not accepted as such in rabbinical Judaism. It should not be confused with the very different ''Book of Jasher (Pseudo-Jasher)'' printed by Jacob Ilive in 1751, which was purported to have been translated by the English monk Alcuin. Additionally, an ethical text was written under the same name (not purporting to be the bibli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sefer HaYashar (other)
Sefer haYashar (Hebrew language, Hebrew ספר הישר) means "Book of the Upright One", but ''Jashar'' is generally left untranslated into English and so ''Sefer haYashar'' is often rendered as ''Book of Jasher''. Rabbinical treatises * ''Sefer haYashar'', a collection of sayings of the sages from the ''Amoraim'' period in Rabbi Zerahiah's ''Sefer Hayasher'' * ''Sefer haYashar'', a commentary on the Pentateuch by the 12th-century Abraham ibn Ezra * ''Sefer haYashar'', by the Kabbalist and philosopher Abraham Abulafia * Sefer haYashar (Rabbeinu Tam), ''Sefer haYashar'' (Rabbeinu Tam), 12th-century treatise on Jewish ritual and ethics * ''Sefer haYashar'' of Zerahiah the Greek, a moral treatise of the 13th century * Sefer haYashar (midrash), a 16th-century book of Jewish legends Other uses * Book of Jasher (biblical references) * Book of Jasher (Pseudo-Jasher), ''Book of Jasher'' (Pseudo-Jasher), an 18th-century forgery by a London printer, Jacob Ilive * ''Book of Jashar'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Book Of Judges
The Book of Judges is the seventh book of the Hebrew Bible and the Christian Old Testament. In the narrative of the Hebrew Bible, it covers the time between the conquest described in the Book of Joshua and the establishment of a kingdom in the Books of Samuel, during which Hebrew Bible judges, Biblical judges served as temporary leaders. The stories follow a consistent pattern: the people are unfaithful to Yahweh; he therefore delivers them into the hands of their enemies; the people repent and entreat Yahweh for mercy, which he sends in the form of a leader or champion; the judge delivers the Israelites from oppression and they prosper, but soon they fall again into unfaithfulness and the cycle is repeated. The pattern also expresses a repeating cycle of wars. But in the last verse (21:25) there is a hint that the cycle can be broken—with the establishment of a monarchy. While most contemporary critical scholars reject the historical accuracy of the Book of Judges, some arg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arpachshad
Arpachshad ( – ʾArpaḵšaḏ; – ''ʾArpaḵšaḏ'', in pausa – ''ʾArpaḵšāḏ''; – ''Arphaxád''), alternatively spelled Arphaxad or Arphacsad, is one of the postdiluvian men in the ShemTerah genealogy. The name is recorded in the Book of Genesis in the Hebrew Bible (or Old Testament of Christian Bible) and subsequently copied in different biblical books, including the Gospel of Luke in the New Testament. Biblical accounts According to the Book of Genesis he was one of the five sons of Shem (the son of Noah). He is the twelfth name of the Genesis genealogy that traces Abrahams ancestry from Adam to Terah (cf. ). Beginning with Adam, nine Antediluvian names are given that predate Noah and the Flood, and nine postdiluvian, beginning with Noah's eldest son Shem and ending with Terah. According to the text, Arpachshad's brothers were Elam, Asshur, Lud and Aram. Arpachshad's son is called Selah, except in the Septuagint, where his son is Cainan, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cainan
Cainan (from ''Qēnān'') is mentioned in the Septuagint, the Greek translation of the Book of Genesis, the Book of Jubilees and the genealogy of Jesus given in Luke 3:36 in the New Testament. He is described as a son of Arpachshad and father of Salah, who lived in the time between Noah and Abraham. The postdiluvian Cainan does not appear in the Masoretic Text, the most common Hebrew version of Genesis, where Arpachshad is noted as the father of Salah. He is also omitted from the Samaritan Pentateuch and the writings of the Jewish historian Josephus. Helen Jacobus has argued that the omission from the Masoretic text is deliberate. Despite his name being omitted from the Masoretic text, a substantial number of traditions about this other Cainan exist in the history of literature: According to the ''Book of Jubilees'', Cainan was taught to read by his father, and he found, carved on the rocks by former generations, an inscription preserving the science of astrology As ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abel
Abel ( ''Hébel'', in pausa ''Hā́ḇel''; ''Hábel''; , ''Hābēl'') is a biblical figure in the Book of Genesis within the Abrahamic religions. Born as the second son of Adam and Eve, the first two humans created by God in Judaism, God, he was a shepherd who offered his firstborn flock to God as a religious offering. God accepted Abel's offering but not the offering of his older brother Cain, leading Cain to stone Abel to death out of jealousy. This act marked the first death in biblical history, making Abel the first murder victim. Life and death Interpretations Jewish and Christian interpretations According to the narrative in Book of Genesis, Genesis, Abel is Eve's second son. His name in Hebrew is composed of the same three consonants as a Semitic root, root meaning "the air that remains after you exhale" also synonymous in Hebrew to "nothing", as stated in Ecclesiastes. Julius Wellhausen has proposed that the name is independent of the root. Eberhard Schrader had prev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cain
Cain is a biblical figure in the Book of Genesis within Abrahamic religions. He is the elder brother of Abel, and the firstborn son of Adam and Eve, the first couple within the Bible. He was a farmer who gave an offering of his crops to God. However, God was not pleased and favored Abel's offering over Cain's. Out of jealousy, Cain killed his brother, for which he was punished by God with the curse and mark of Cain. He had several descendants, starting with his son Enoch and including Lamech. The narrative is notably unclear on God's reason for rejecting Cain's sacrifice. Some traditional interpretations consider Cain to be the originator of evil, violence, or greed. According to Genesis, Cain was the first human born and the first murderer. Genesis narrative Interpretations Jewish and Christian interpretations A question arising early in the story is why God rejected Cain's sacrifice. The text states, "In the course of time Cain brought some of the fruits of the soil a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jabal (Bible)
Jabal or Yabal ( – ''Yāḇāl'') is an individual mentioned in the Hebrew Bible, in . Family Jabal (a descendant of Cain) was the son of Lamech and Adah, and the brother of Jubal, half-brother of Tubal-cain and Naamah. He is described as the "ancestor of all who live in tents and raise livestock." Theories Francis Nigel Lee interprets Genesis 4:20 to mean that Jabal was both the "father of all cattle ranchers" ''and'' the "father of all tent-dwellers", and as such as the "pioneer of all livestock and agricultural technology" as well as the "pioneer of all architecture." Lee notes that Jabal was probably also a weaver, and thus "the pioneer of the clothing industry." Francis Nigel Lee, ''The Central Significance of Culture'' (Presbyterian and Reformed, 1976), 29. Gordon Wenham, on the other hand, understands the verse to indicate Jabal was the first "dweller with herds." That is, he was the "father of the Bedouin lifestyle." He notes that whereas Abel Abel ( '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lamech (descendant Of Cain)
Lamech (; ''Lémeḵ'', in pausa ''Lā́meḵ'') is a figure appearing in the Old Testament's Book of Genesis, where he is the seventh generation from Adam and father of Jabal, the first breeder of livestock, Tubal-Cain, the first metalworker, Jubal, the first musician, and Naamah. This Lamech appears in the Yahwist genealogy (the line of Cain); the Priestly source has another Lamech who is the father of Noah Noah (; , also Noach) appears as the last of the Antediluvian Patriarchs (Bible), patriarchs in the traditions of Abrahamic religions. His story appears in the Hebrew Bible (Book of Genesis, chapters 5–9), the Quran and Baháʼí literature, .... This Lamech is distinguished as an insolent man in the Abrahamic texts. Character Lamech is generally characterized in a poor light in the verses that mention him, highlighting him as polygamous and viciously murderous. Polygamy Lamech is the earliest instance of polygamy in the Abrahamic narrative. Biblical ve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arabic Language
Arabic (, , or , ) is a Central Semitic languages, Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic languages, Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) assigns language codes to 32 varieties of Arabic, including its standard form of Literary Arabic, known as Modern Standard Arabic, which is derived from Classical Arabic. This distinction exists primarily among Western linguists; Arabic speakers themselves generally do not distinguish between Modern Standard Arabic and Classical Arabic, but rather refer to both as ( "the eloquent Arabic") or simply ' (). Arabic is the List of languages by the number of countries in which they are recognized as an official language, third most widespread official language after English and French, one of six official languages of the United Nations, and the Sacred language, liturgical language of Islam. Arabic is widely taught in schools and universities around the wo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Talmud
The Talmud (; ) is the central text of Rabbinic Judaism and the primary source of Jewish religious law (''halakha'') and Jewish theology. Until the advent of Haskalah#Effects, modernity, in nearly all Jewish communities, the Talmud was the centerpiece of Jewish culture, Jewish cultural life and was foundational to "all Jewish thought and aspirations", serving also as "the guide for the daily life" of Jews. The Talmud includes the teachings and opinions of thousands of rabbis on a variety of subjects, including halakha, Jewish ethics, Jewish philosophy, philosophy, Jewish customs, customs, Jewish history, history, and Jewish folklore, folklore, and many other topics. The Talmud is a commentary on the Mishnah. This text is made up of 63 Masekhet, tractates, each covering one subject area. The language of the Talmud is Jewish Babylonian Aramaic. Talmudic tradition emerged and was compiled between the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 CE and the Arab conquest in the early seve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Josippon
''Josippon'' (or ''Sefer Yosippon'', the ''Book of Yosippon'', ) is one of the most influential medieval chronicles of Jewish history, translated into many languages and republished in many editions, and a landmark of Jewish national historiography. It is a history of the Roman Empire and its Jewish inhabitants from the biblical history of Adam to the age of Titus. The author writes that he is copying the works of Roman-Jewish historian Josephus to whom its name refers. It was composed in the 10th century in Byzantine Italy. The Ethiopic version of ''Josippon'' is recognized as canonical by the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church and the Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church. It is also part of the Coptic Bible. History The anonymous author of the work writes that he is copying from the writings of the old Jewish-Roman historian Josephus, whom the author calls Joseph ben Gorion (). The name ''Joseph'' is given the Greek ending ''on'', resulting in the book's title ''Josephon'', '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lombardy
The Lombardy Region (; ) is an administrative regions of Italy, region of Italy that covers ; it is located in northern Italy and has a population of about 10 million people, constituting more than one-sixth of Italy's population. Lombardy is located between the Alps mountain range and tributaries of the river Po (river), Po, and includes Milan, its capital, the largest metropolitan area in the country, and among the largest in the EU. Its territory is divided into 1,502 ''comuni'' (the region with the largest number of ''comuni'' in the entire national territory), distributed among twelve administrative subdivisions (eleven Provinces of Italy, provinces plus the Metropolitan City of Milan). The region ranks first in Italy in terms of population, population density, and number of local authorities, while it is fourth in terms of surface area, after Sicily, Piedmont, and Sardinia. It is the second-most populous Region (Europe), region of the European Union (EU), and the List of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
