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San José De La Mariquina
Mariquina is a commune in southern Chile, Valdivia Province, Los Ríos Region. It is located about 40 km northeast of Valdivia, close to Cruces River. The capital is the city of San José de la Mariquina. The commune's main economic activities are agriculture, cattle farming and wood pulp manufacturing. Demographics According to the 2002 census of the National Statistics Institute, Mariquina spans an area of and has 18,223 inhabitants (9,361 men and 8,862 women). Of these, 8,925 (49%) lived in urban areas and 9,298 (51%) in rural areas. The population grew by 1.5% (271 persons) between the 1992 and 2002 censuses. Administration As a commune, Mariquina is a third-level administrative division of Chile administered by a municipal council, headed by an alcalde who is directly elected every four years. The current alcalde is Ronaldo Mitre Gatica. Within the electoral divisions of Chile, Mariquina is represented in the Chamber of Deputies by Alfonso De Urresti ( PS) and Rob ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communes Of Chile
A commune (, ) is the smallest administrative subdivision in Chile. It may contain cities, towns, villages, hamlets as well as rural areas. In highly populated areas, such as Santiago, Valparaíso and Concepción, a conurbation may be broken into several communes. In sparsely populated areas, conversely, a commune may cover a substantial rural area together with several settled areas which could range from hamlets to towns or cities. The term "commune" is ambiguous in English, but the word is commonly used in translation for "comuna", although with some controversy among translators. A comuna is similar to a "county" in Anglo-American usage and practice, and may be more universally understood as a "municipality". Each commune or municipality is governed by a directly elected body known as a municipal council (''concejo municipal'') consisting of a mayor (''alcalde'') and a group of councillors (''concejales''), for a period of four years. The communal civil service admin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Urban Area
An urban area is a human settlement with a high population density and an infrastructure of built environment. Urban areas originate through urbanization, and researchers categorize them as cities, towns, conurbations or suburbs. In urbanism, the term "urban area" contrasts to rural areas such as villages and hamlet (place), hamlets; in urban sociology or urban anthropology, it often contrasts with natural environment. The development of earlier predecessors of modern urban areas during the urban revolution of the 4th millennium BCE led to the formation of human civilization and ultimately to modern urban planning, which along with other human activities such as exploitation of natural resources has led to a human impact on the environment. Recent historical growth In 1950, 764 million people (or about 30 percent of the world's 2.5 billion people) lived in urban areas. In 2009, the number of people living in urban areas (3.42 billion) surpassed the number living in rural ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juan Manqueante
Juan Manqueante was a Mapuche cacique from Mariquina in the mid-17th century. While he is a historical figure there are many legends and tales associated to him. In local lore Manqueante is considered him the most notable person born in the lands of Mariquina. There is a street in San José named after him.Rivera 2018, p. 82. Dealing with the Dutch At the time the Dutch led by Elias Herckmans were in the ruins of Valdivia Manquente approached the Dutch expressing his support for them.Barros Arana 2000, p. 285. Despite being in friendly terms with the Dutch staunchly refused them to access the gold mines of Madre de Dios in his lands.Rivera 2018, p. 85. Manquente explained this by telling the Dutch of his people's negative experiences of Spanish gold mining. As the Dutch expedition to Valdivia planned to retreat back to Brazil Manquante provided relief to the hungry Dutch in the form of cattle.Lane 1998, p. 89. This relief was only temporary since Manqueante probably considered ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cacique
A cacique, sometimes spelled as cazique (; ; feminine form: ), was a tribal chieftain of the Taíno people, who were the Indigenous inhabitants of the Bahamas, the Greater Antilles, and the northern Lesser Antilles at the time of European contact with those places. The term is a Spanish transliteration of the Taíno word . Cacique was initially translated as "king" or "prince" for the Spanish. In the colonial era, the conquistadors and the administrators who followed them used the word generically to refer to any leader of practically any indigenous group they encountered in the Western Hemisphere. In Hispanic and Lusophone countries, the term has also come to mean a political boss, similar to a ''caudillo,'' exercising power in a system of caciquism. Spanish colonial-era caciques The Taíno word descends from the Taíno word , which means "to keep house". In 1555 the word first entered the English language, defined as "prince". In Taíno culture, the rank was heredita ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corral, Chile
Corral is a town, commune, and sea port in Valdivia Province, Los Ríos Region, Chile. It is located south of Corral Bay. During the colonial period, Corral was the headquarters of the Valdivian Fort System, which protected Valdivia. Economic activities in Corral revolve around forestry, aquaculture, fishing, port services and both heritage, and eco tourism. The town is connected by road to Valdivia and Caleta Chaihuín, as well as via ferry to Niebla. History The settlement of Corral originated as the headquarters of the Valdivian Fort System, which was built in 1645 to protect the city of Valdivia. At the time, Spanish ships sailed along the Valdivia River to Valdivia, but Corral soon took over the role of receiving major ships. The fort of Corral had no more than four cannons until 1749.Guarda 1953, p. 153. Renewed interest in the defense of Valdivia led Juan Zermeño to expand and improve the fort between 1767 and 1773, when work was halted to focus on the battery o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Máfil
Máfil (Mapudungun for ''embraced between rivers'') is a city and commune of the Valdivia Province, Los Ríos Region in southern Chile, about 30 km northeast of Valdivia. The commune is the site of a dairy industry and the town of Máfil a local centre of commerce and services such as basic education and a community health center. Relative to other communes of Los Ríos Region Máfil stands out for its central position and good road connections to the surrounding communes. The climate of Máfil is temperate oceanic with at least four dry months. A total of 803 mm of precipitation occurs in winter and 189 mm in summer according to averages calculated in 1989. The natural vegetation of Máfil is Valdivian temperate forests. The main natural resources of Máfil are the forest and their timber, the gold of Madre de Dios and coal in Pupunahue and Millahuillín. The commune has soils of volcanic origin including trumaos. History The lands of Máfil were formerly known ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lanco, Chile
Lanco is a List of cities in Chile, city and Communes of Chile, commune in southern Chile administered by the Municipality of Lanco. It is located in Valdivia Province in Los Ríos Region, about northeast of Valdivia, Chile, Valdivia by road, close to Cruces River. Demographics According to the 2002 census of the National Statistics Institute (Chile), National Statistics Institute, Lanco spans an area of and has 15,107 inhabitants (7,415 men and 7,692 women). Of these, 10,383 (68.7%) lived in urban areas and 4,724 (31.3%) in rural areas. Between the 1992 and 2002 censuses, the population grew by 9.8% (1,350 persons). Transport The highway Chile Route 5 passes by Lanco. Administration As a commune, Lanco is a third-level administrative division of Chile administered by a municipal council, headed by an alcalde who is directly elected every four years. The 2008-2012 alcalde is Luis Cuvertino Gómez (Socialist Party of Chile, PS). Within the electoral divisions of Chile, Lanco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Renewal (Chile)
National Renewal (, RN) is a liberal conservative political party in Chile. It is a member of Chile Vamos, a centre-right to right-wing coalition. Sebastián Piñera, the former President of Chile, was a member of the party. History National Renewal was formed on 29 April 1987 when three rightist organizations – the National Union Movement (''Movimiento de Unión Nacional'', MUN), the National Labour Front (''Frente Nacional del Trabajo'', FNT), and the Independent Democratic Union Movement (''Movimiento'' ''Unión Demócrata Independiente'', UDI) – joined in preparation for the 1988 Plebiscite that would determine the continuity or not of rule of Augusto Pinochet who had been in power since the coup of 1973. The UDI soon broke away to run as a separate party due to its strong support for the plebiscite and a Pinochet candidacy, while the remaining National Renewal party indicated its preference for an open election or a candidate other than Pinochet. However, once Pino ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Socialist Party Of Chile
The Socialist Party of Chile (, or PS) is a centre-left to Left-wing politics, left-wing political party founded in 1933. Its historic leader was President of Chile Salvador Allende, who was deposed in a 1973 Chilean coup d'état, coup d'état by General Augusto Pinochet in 1973. The Government Junta of Chile (1973), military junta immediately banned socialist, Marxist and other leftist political parties. Members of the Socialist party and other left-wing politics, leftists were subject to violent suppression, including torture and murder, under the Military dictatorship of Chile (1973–1990), Pinochet dictatorship, and many went into exile. Twenty-seven years after the 1973 coup, Ricardo Lagos Escobar won the Presidency as the Socialist Party candidate in the 1999–2000 Chilean presidential election. Socialist Michelle Bachelet won the 2005–06 Chilean presidential election. She was the first female president of Chile and was succeeded by Sebastián Piñera in 2010. In the 2013 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chamber Of Deputies Of Chile
The Chamber of Deputies () is the lower house of Chile's Bicameralism, bicameral National Congress of Chile, Congress. Its organisation and its powers and duties are defined in articles 42 to 59 of Chile's current Chilean Constitution of 1980, constitution. Eligibility Deputies must: be aged at least 21; not be disqualified from voting; have finished Secondary education, secondary school or its equivalent; and have lived in the corresponding electoral district for at least two years prior to the election. Electoral system Since 2017 Chilean general election, 2017, Chile's congress has been elected through open list proportional representation under the D'Hondt method. Before 2017, a unique binomial system was used. These system rewards coalition slates. Each coalition could run two candidates for each electoral district's two Chamber seats. Typically, the two largest coalitions in a district divided the seats, one each, among themselves. Only if the leading coalition tick ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Electoral Divisions Of Chile
This article covers the electoral division of Chile, which involves two distinct systems: # Chamber of Deputies of Chile, Chamber of Deputies and Senate of Chile, Senate: Chile is divided into electoral districts and senatorial constituencies for the election of members of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate. # Regional Councils: For the election of members of the Regional Councils, Chile is divided into provincial constituencies, with each province generally corresponding to one constituency, although some provinces are further divided into multiple constituencies. The article includes lists of the various electoral structures and divisions in Chile. Chamber of Deputies electoral districts The Chamber of Deputies consists of 155 members across 28 electoral districts (''distrito electoral''), each electing between 3 and 8 deputies. These districts were created in 2015 by merging the previous 60 into larger ones. 1990-2018 electoral districts Between 1990 and 2018, there ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alcalde
''Alcalde'' (; ) is the traditional Spanish municipal magistrate, who had both judicial and Administration (government), administrative functions. An ''alcalde'' was, in the absence of a corregidor (position), corregidor, the presiding officer of the Crown of Castile, Castilian ''Cabildo (council), cabildo'' (the municipal council) and judge of first instance of a town. ''Alcaldes'' were elected annually, without the right to reelection for two or three years, by the ''regidores'' (council members) of the municipal council. The office of the ''alcalde'' was signified by a staff of office, which they were to take with them when doing their business. A woman who holds the office is termed an ''alcaldesa''. In New Spain (Mexico), ''alcaldes mayores'' were chief administrators in colonial-era administrative territories termed ''alcaldías mayores''; in colonial-era Peru the units were called ''corregimientos''. ''Alcalde'' was also a title given to Indigenous peoples of the America ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
