|
Saab 9-3
The Saab 9-3 (pronounced ''nine-three'') is a compact executive car initially developed and manufactured by the Swedish automaker Saab. The first generation 9-3 (1998–2003) is based on the GM2900 platform, changing to the GM Epsilon platform with the introduction of the second-generation car (2003–2012). Other vehicles using this platform include the Opel Vectra, Chevrolet Malibu, and Cadillac BLS. National Electric Vehicle Sweden (NEVS), Saab's then parent company briefly assembled a few 9-3 sedans during 2013 and 2014. Overview The car was badged as 93 starting in the 1998 model year when Saab revised the naming of the smaller car to match that of the larger 95 version. The model was marketed as 9-3, pronounced as "nine three.” The Saab 9-3 was launched in 1998 for the 1999 model year essentially as a rebadged second-generation Saab 900 (1994–1998 model) and succeeded by a redesigned 9-3 for the 2003 model year. It is not related to the Saab 93 ("ninety-three ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
General Motors
General Motors Company (GM) is an American Multinational corporation, multinational Automotive industry, automotive manufacturing company headquartered in Detroit, Michigan, United States. The company is most known for owning and manufacturing four automobile brands: Chevrolet, Buick, GMC (marque), GMC, and Cadillac, each a separate division of GM. By total sales, it has continuously been the largest automaker in the United States, and was the List of manufacturers by motor vehicle production, largest in the world for 77 years before losing the top spot to Toyota in 2008. General Motors operates manufacturing plants in eight countries. In addition to its four core brands, GM also holds interests in Chinese brands Baojun and SAIC-GM-Wuling, Wuling via SAIC-GM-Wuling, SAIC-GM-Wuling Automobile. GM further owns GM Defense, a namesake defense vehicles division which produces military vehicles for the United States government and military, the vehicle safety, security, and information ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cadillac BLS
The Cadillac BLS is a compact executive car that was marketed in Europe by Cadillac, sharing General Motors' GM Epsilon platform, Epsilon architecture, as a restyled variant of the Saab 9-3. Development was carried out by Saab Automobile, Saab and the car was manufactured in Trollhättan Assembly, Trollhättan, Sweden, alongside the Saab 9-3 and the Saab 9-5. Sales of the Sedan (automobile), saloon began in March 2006, with an station wagon, estate joining the line for 2007. Starting in 2007, the BLS was sold in the Middle East, Mexico, South Africa and South Korea. BLS production reached 3,257 in 2006 and 2,772 in 2007.''Automobil Revue'', catalog 2008, p. 47 Production ended in 2009. Until the GT4 was introduced in 2023, the BLS was the only Cadillac never sold in North America. Features The BLS was available with a diesel engine (a 1.9 L turbocharged four-cylinder) and two petrol engines (a 2.8 L turbocharged V6 and a 2.0 L available with two power levels). ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manual Transmission
A manual transmission (MT), also known as manual gearbox, standard transmission (in Canadian English, Canada, British English, the United Kingdom and American English, the United States), or stick shift (in the United States), is a multi-speed motor vehicle Transmission (mechanical device), transmission system where gear changes require the driver to manually select the gears by operating a gear stick and clutch (which is usually a foot pedal for cars or a hand lever for motorcycles). Early automobiles used ''sliding-mesh'' manual transmissions with up to three forward gear ratios. Since the 1950s, ''constant-mesh'' manual transmissions have become increasingly commonplace, and the number of forward ratios has increased to 5-speed and 6-speed manual transmissions for current vehicles. The alternative to a manual transmission is an automatic transmission. Common types of automatic transmissions are the Automatic transmission#Hydraulic automatic transmissions, hydraulic automatic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valmet Automotive
Valmet Automotive is a Finnish vehicle contract manufacturer and supplier of battery, roof, and kinematic systems. Valmet Automotive has manufactured over 1.8 million vehicles at its headquarters in Uusikaupunki, Finland. Its largest shareholders are the Finnish state investment company Tesi and Pontos Group, each holding a 38.46% stake, while China’s Contemporary Amperex Technology Limited (CATL) owns 23.08%. Products Valmet Automotive has three business lines: Vehicle Manufacturing, EV Systems, and Roof & Kinematic Systems. In vehicle manufacturing, Valmet Automotive clients include Mercedes-Benz, Porsche, Saab Automobile, Saab, Opel and Fisker Automotive, Fisker. Valmet Automotive has produced electric vehicles since 2009. In July 2021, Valmet Automotive was selected to build long-range solar cars for Lightyear One, Lightyear 0, which was later canceled. Valmet Automotive also announced a manufacturing contract with Sono Motors for the Sion model in 2022, which was also la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uusikaupunki
Uusikaupunki (; , ) is a list of towns in Finland, town and municipalities of Finland, municipality of Finland. It is located in the Southwest Finland regions of Finland, region, northwest of Turku and south of Pori. The municipality has a population of () and covers an area of of which is inland water. The population density is . The municipality is unilingually Finnish language, Finnish. Both its Finnish and Swedish names translate literally to "new town". The original name of the main village that was incorporated into Uusikaupunki was Kalainen (roughly translated from Finnish as "rich in fish"). The surrounding region, and especially the neighboring town of Kalanti, which merged with Uusikaupunki in 1993, was already a lively marketplace for wooden objects and salt in the early Middle Ages. Uusikaupunki was founded to legalize this trade. Geography Uusikaupunki is located in the Vakka-Suomi sub-region on the shores of the Gulf of Bothnia. The (''Sirppujoki'') flows thr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trollhättan Assembly
Trollhättan Assembly is an automobile factory in Trollhättan, Sweden. The factory opened in 1947 under the ownership of Saab AB, then passing to Saab Automobile. From 1989 to 2010, the factory was partially (1989–1999), then completely (2000–2010) owned by General Motors. In 2010, Saab was sold to Spyker Cars. The plant ended production in 2011 and restarted in 2013, after the NEVS purchase of Saab Automobile. The Trollhättan complex, including the assembly, is now the sole site of all Saab engineering and manufacturing activities. After NEVS announced its closure in March 2023, the factory was sold to Stenhaga Invest AB, with both Polestar and EV Electra showing interest in buying the factory. It was founded on the site of Trollhättan airfield, by the aircraft manufacturer Svenska Aeroplan Aktiebolaget (Saab AB), an aircraft manufacturer since 1937 and based in Linköping, Sweden. The first automobile off the line was the Saab 92, a front-wheel drive, two-stroke, tran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turbo-diesel
The term turbo-diesel, also written as turbodiesel and turbo diesel, refers to any diesel engine equipped with a turbocharger. As with other engine types, turbocharging a diesel engine can significantly increase its efficiency and power output, especially when used in combination with an intercooler. Turbocharging of diesel engines began in the 1920s with large marine and stationary engines. Trucks became available with turbo-diesel engines in the mid-1950s, followed by passenger cars in the late 1970s. Since the 1990s, the compression ratio of turbo-diesel engines has been dropping. Principle Diesel engines are typically well suited to turbocharging due to two factors: * A "lean" air–fuel ratio, caused when the turbocharger supplies excess air into the engine, is not a problem for diesel engines, because the torque control is dependent on the mass of fuel that is injected into the combustion chamber (i.e. air-fuel ratio), rather than the quantity of the air-fuel mixture. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GM Ecotec Diesel (1997)
GM referred to many of its diesel engines as Ecotec including the GM Medium Diesel engine (2013 onwards) and the Isuzu-derived Circle L engine. This page describes the SOHC 16 valve turbocharged engines which GM introduced in 1997. and which were used extensively in its European models. The engines used a single chain-driven camshaft A camshaft is a shaft that contains a row of pointed cams in order to convert rotational motion to reciprocating motion. Camshafts are used in piston engines (to operate the intake and exhaust valves), mechanically controlled ignition syst ... and an aluminium cylinder head with a Bosch rotary high pressure injection pump. Variants The 2.0 engine was available in two different power outputs, badged by Vauxhall Di and DTi, the lower powered version retaining 16 valves and a turbocharger, but lacking the intercooler. The lower powered version was soon replaced by the smaller and unrelated 1.7 litre Circle L engine. The higher powered ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diesel Engine
The diesel engine, named after the German engineer Rudolf Diesel, is an internal combustion engine in which Combustion, ignition of diesel fuel is caused by the elevated temperature of the air in the cylinder due to Mechanics, mechanical Compression (physics), compression; thus, the diesel engine is called a compression-ignition engine (CI engine). This contrasts with engines using spark plug-ignition of the air-fuel mixture, such as a petrol engine (gasoline engine) or a gas engine (using a gaseous fuel like natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas). Introduction Diesel engines work by compressing only air, or air combined with residual combustion gases from the exhaust (known as exhaust gas recirculation, "EGR"). Air is inducted into the chamber during the intake stroke, and compressed during the compression stroke. This increases air temperature inside the Cylinder (engine), cylinder so that atomised diesel fuel injected into the combustion chamber ignites. The torque a dies ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Straight-four Engine
A straight-four engine (also referred to as an inline-four engine) is a four-cylinder Reciprocating engine, piston engine where cylinders are arranged in a line along a common crankshaft. The majority of automotive four-cylinder engines use a straight-four layout (with the exceptions of the flat-four engines produced by Subaru and Porsche) and the layout is also very common in motorcycles and other machinery. Therefore the term "four-cylinder engine" is usually synonymous with straight-four engines. When a straight-four engine is installed at an inclined angle (instead of with the cylinders oriented vertically), it is sometimes called a Slant-4 engine, slant-four. Between 2005 and 2008, the proportion of new vehicles sold in the United States with four-cylinder engines rose from 30% to 47%. By the 2020 model year, the share for light-duty vehicles had risen to 59%. Design A four-stroke straight-four engine always has a cylinder on its power stroke, unlike engines with fewer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saab H Engine
The Saab H engine is a redesign of the Saab B engine, which in turn was based on the Triumph Slant-4 engine. Despite the name it is not an H engine or horizontally opposed engine, but a slanted inline-4. The H engine was introduced in 1981 in the Saab 900 and was also used in the Saab 99 from 1982 onwards. H stood for high compression; higher compression was part of the update from B to H engine. It continued in use in the 900/ 9-3, 9000, and 9-5. The 2003 GM Epsilon-based 9-3 switched to the GM Ecotec engine, leaving the 9-5 as the sole user of the H engine. The H family of engine was used in the first-generation 9-5 until it was discontinued in 2010. The tooling and know-how was sold to BAIC. The latter B2X4 and B2X5 engines have in practice nothing in common with the early B engines except cylinder spacing. All versions feature a grey cast iron block and an aluminum head with a single or double overhead chain driven camshafts. SOHC engines use two valves per cylinder and D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petrol Engine
A petrol engine (gasoline engine in American and Canadian English) is an internal combustion engine designed to run on petrol (gasoline). Petrol engines can often be adapted to also run on fuels such as liquefied petroleum gas and ethanol blends (such as '' E10'' and '' E85''). They may be designed to run on petrol with a higher octane rating, as sold at petrol stations. Most petrol engines use spark ignition, unlike diesel engines which run on diesel fuel and typically use compression ignition. Another key difference to diesel engines is that petrol engines typically have a lower compression ratio. History The first practical petrol engine was built in 1876 in Germany by Nicolaus August Otto and Eugen Langen, although there had been earlier attempts by Étienne Lenoir in 1860, Siegfried Marcus in 1864 and George Brayton in 1873. Design Thermodynamic cycle Most petrol engines use either the four-stroke Otto cycle or the two-stroke cycle. Petrol engines have also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
