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Rebellions And Revolutions In Brazil
This article lists major rebellions and revolutions that have taken place during Brazilian history. Colonial Brazil (1500–1822) * Vila Rica Revolt (1720) * Slave Rebellions (From its peak in the mid-17th century until the abolition of slavery) * Inconfidência Mineira (1789) * Tailors' Conspiracy (1798) * Pernambucan Revolt (1817) Empire of Brazil (1822–1889) * Confederation of the Equator (1824) * Irish and German Mercenary Soldiers' Revolt (1828) * Cabanada (1832-1835) * Ragamuffin War (1835–1845) * Malê Revolt (1835) * Sabinada (1837–38) * Cabanagem (1835–1840) * Balaiada (1838–1841) * Liberal rebellions (1842) * Praieira revolt (1848) * Quebra–Quilos revolt (1874–1875) Republic (1889–present) 1st Republican period (1889–1930) * Naval Revolt (1891–94) * Federalist Revolution (1893–95) * War of Canudos (1896–97) * Vaccine Revolt (1904) * Revolt of the Lash (1910) * Contestado War (1912–1916) * Anarchist General Strikes (1917–19) * Li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rebellion
Rebellion, uprising, or insurrection is a refusal of obedience or order. It refers to the open resistance against the orders of an established authority. A rebellion originates from a sentiment of indignation and disapproval of a situation and then manifests itself by the refusal to submit or to obey the authority responsible for this situation. Rebellion can be individual or collective, peaceful (civil disobedience, civil resistance, and nonviolent resistance) or violent (terrorism, sabotage and guerrilla warfare). In political terms, rebellion and revolt are often distinguished by their different aims. While rebellion generally seeks to evade and/or gain concessions from an oppressive power, a revolt seeks to overthrow and destroy that power, as well as its accompanying laws. The goal of rebellion is resistance while a revolt seeks a revolution. As power shifts relative to the external adversary, or power shifts within a mixed coalition, or positions harden or soften on eith ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Balaiada
The Balaiada was a social revolt between 1838 and 1841 in the interior of the Province of Maranhão, Brazil. Background During the imperial period, the Maranhão region, which exported cotton, suffered a severe economic crisis because of competition with the increasingly-productive United States. In addition, the cattle industry consumed a large part of the workforce in the region. Those factors explain the involvement of the slaves and the poorly-paid free workers in the movement. A political power dispute arose in the heart of the elite class, which was reflected in Maranhão by the opposition of liberals (''bem-te-vis'') and conservatives (''cabanos''). When Pedro de Araújo Lima, Marquis of Olinda became prime minister, provoking the so-called ''regresso conservador'' ("conservative regression"), the Maranhão conservatives took advantage of the opportunity to remove the liberals in power and also to weaken them further by contracting the service of the cattle ranchers, tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constitutionalist Revolution
The Constitutionalist Revolution of 1932 (sometimes also referred to as Paulista War or Brazilian Civil War) is the name given to the uprising of the population of the Brazilian state of São Paulo against the Brazilian Revolution of 1930 when Getúlio Vargas assumed the nation's Presidency; Vargas was supported by the people, the military and the political elites of Minas Gerais, Rio Grande do Sul and Paraíba. The movement grew out of local resentment from the fact that Vargas ruled by decree, unbound by a Constitution, in a provisional government. The 1930 Revolution also affected São Paulo by eroding the autonomy that states enjoyed during the term of the 1891 Constitution and preventing the inauguration of the governor of São Paulo, Júlio Prestes, in the Presidency of the Republic, while simultaneously overthrowing President Washington Luís, who was governor of São Paulo from 1920 to 1924. These events marked the end of the First Republic. Vargas appointed a northe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Revolution Of 1930
The Revolution of 1930 () was an armed insurrection across Brazil that ended the Old Republic. The revolution replaced incumbent President Washington Luís with defeated presidential candidate and revolutionary leader Getúlio Vargas, concluding the political hegemony of a four-decade-old oligarchy and beginning the Vargas Era. For most of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Brazilian politics had been controlled by an alliance between the states of São Paulo and Minas Gerais. The presidency had largely alternated between the two states every election until 1929, when incumbent President Washington Luís declared his successor to be Júlio Prestes, both of them from São Paulo. In response to the betrayal of the oligarchy, Minas Gerais, Rio Grande do Sul, and Paraíba formed a "Liberal Alliance," backing the opposition candidate Getúlio Vargas, president of Rio Grande do Sul. When Prestes won the March 1930 presidential election, the Alliance denounced his victory a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tenente Revolts
Tenentism ( pt, tenentismo) was a political philosophy of junior army officers ( pt, tenentes, , ''lieutenants'') who significantly contributed to the Brazilian Revolution of 1930. Background The first decades of the 20th century saw marked economic and social change in Brazil. With manufacturing on the rise, the central government — dominated by the coffee oligarchs and the old order of ''café com leite'' politics and ''coronelismo'' — came under threat from the political aspirations of new urban groups: the proletariat, government and white-collar workers, merchants, bankers, and industrialists. In parallel, growing prosperity encouraged a rapid rise of a new working class of Southern and Eastern European immigrants who contributed to the growth of trade unionism, anarchism, and socialism in Brazil. In the post-World War I period, Brazil saw its first wave of general strikes and the establishment of the Communist Party in 1922. A new class of junior army officers ( pt, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anarchism In Brazil
Anarchism was an influential contributor to the social politics of Brazil's Old Republic. During the epoch of mass migrations of European labourers at the end of the nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth century, anarchist ideas started to spread, particularly amongst the country’s labour movement. Along with the labour migrants, many Italian, Spanish, Portuguese and German political exiles arrived, many holding anarchist or anarcho-syndicalist ideas. Some did not come as exiles but rather as a type of political entrepreneur, including Giovanni Rossi's anarchist commune, Cecília Colony, which lasted a few years but at one point consisted of 200 participants. The conditions of the Brazilian workers and the political system of the First Republic, which made it difficult for workers to participate, meant that anarchism quickly gained strength among the workers. Revolutionary syndicalism exerted a great influence on the workers 'movement, especially at workers' co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Contestado War
The Contestado War ( pt, Guerra do Contestado), broadly speaking, was a guerrilla war for land between settlers and landowners, the latter supported by the Brazilian state's police and military forces, that lasted from October 1912 to August 1916. It was fought in an inland southern region of the country, rich in wood and yerba mate, that was called Contestado because it was contested by the states of Paraná and Santa Catarina as well as Argentina. The war had its casus belli in the social conflicts in the region, the result of local disobediences, particularly regarding the regularization of land ownership on the part of the caboclos. The conflict was permeated by religious fanaticism expressed by the messianism and faith of the rebellious caboclos that they were engaged in a religious war; at the same time, it reflected the dissatisfaction of the population with its material situation. Background Societal prominence of monks The origins of the Contestado War can be underst ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Revolt Of The Lash
The Revolt of the Lash ( pt, Revolta da Chibata, link=no) was a naval mutiny in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in late November 1910. It was the direct result of the use of whips ("lashes") by white naval officers when punishing Afro-Brazilian and mixed-race enlisted sailors. At the beginning of the new century rising demand for coffee and rubber enabled Brazilian politicians to attempt to transform their country into an international power. A key part of this would come from modernizing the Brazilian Navy, which had been neglected since the coup, by purchasing battleships of the new "dreadnought" type. Social conditions in the Brazilian Navy, however, did not keep pace with this new technology. Elite white officers were in charge of mostly black and mixed-race crewmen, many of whom had been forced into the navy on long-term contracts. These officers frequently inflicted corporal punishment on the crewmen for major and minor offenses alike despite the practice's ban in most other count ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vaccine Revolt
The Vaccine Revolt or Vaccine Rebellion (Portuguese: ''Revolta da Vacina'') was a period of civil disorder which occurred in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (November 10–18, 1904). Background At the beginning of the 20th century the city of Rio de Janeiro, then capital of Brazil, although praised for its beautiful palaces and mansions, suffered from serious inadequacies in basic infrastructure. Such problems included insufficient water and sewer systems, irregular garbage collection, and overcrowded tenements. Many illnesses proliferated in this environment, including tuberculosis, measles, typhus and leprosy. Epidemics of yellow fever, smallpox and bubonic plague occurred on an intermittent basis. Yellow fever was by far the most serious of the three, killing an estimated 60,000 Rio de Janeiro residents between 1850 and 1908. Although there were periods of respite from this particular disease, these were almost invariably marred by lesser outbreaks of the others. Beginning ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
War Of Canudos
The War of Canudos (, , 1895–1898) was a conflict between the First Brazilian Republic and the residents of Canudos in the northeastern state of Bahia. It was waged in the aftermath of the abolition of slavery in Brazil (1888) and the overthrow of the monarchy (1889), which resulted in a millenarian religious revival led by Antônio Conselheiro (who began attracting attention around 1874). The inhabitants of Canudos were "so numerous, employed such artful strategies and so committed" that it took four military campaigns to defeat them. The conflict came to a brutal end in October 1897, when a large fraction of the Brazilian army was deployed to bombard and overrun the settlement, raze it and slaughter nearly all its inhabitants. This conflict marked the deadliest civil war in Brazilian history. Background The conflict had its origins in the former settlement of Canudos (named ''Belo Monte'' by its inhabitants, meaning "Beautiful Hill" in Portuguese) in the semi-arid ba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federalist Revolution
The Federalist Revolution ( Portuguese: ''Revolução Federalista'') was a civil war that took place in southern Brazil between 1893 and 1895, fought by the federalists, opponents of Rio Grande do Sul state president, Júlio de Castilhos, seeking greater autonomy for the state, decentralization of power by the newly installed First Brazilian Republic and, arguably, the restoration of the monarchy. Inspired by the monarchist ideologies of , who had been one of the most prominent politicians by the end of the monarchy and acted as political head of the revolution, the federalists had Gumercindo Saraiva as the military head supported by his brother Aparicio Saravia, of the Uruguayan National Party, and by the Navy rebels who, after being defeated at the capital following the Rio de Janeiro Affair, moved south to strengthen the federalist forces. Also known as ''maragatos'', the federalists fought the republican forces of the Brazilian Army headed by the Rio Grande do Sul sen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Revolta Da Armada
The Brazilian Naval Revolts, or the Revoltas da Armada (in Portuguese), were armed mutinies promoted mainly by admirals Custódio José de Melo and Saldanha da Gama and their fleet of rebel Brazilian navy ships against the claimed unconstitutional staying in power of president Floriano Peixoto. First revolt In November 1891, President Marshal Deodoro da Fonseca, amid a political crisis compounded by the effects of an economic crisis, in flagrant violation of the new constitution, decided to "solve" the political crisis by ordering the closure of Congress, supported mainly by Paulista oligarchy. The Navy, still resentful of the circumstances and outcomes of the coup that had put an end to the monarchy in Brazil, under the leadership of admiral Custódio José de Melo, rose up and threatened to bombard the city of Rio de Janeiro, then the capital of Brazil. To avoid a civil war, marshal Deodoro resigned the presidency in 23 November. With the resignation of Deodoro, after ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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