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Ranulf I Of Caiazzo
Ranulf I (also spelled Rainulf or Raynulf; died 1088) was the count of Caiazzo in the Principality of Capua from about 1078. He also brought the formerly Lombard counties of Alife, Telese and Sant'Agata dei Goti and the castles of Airola and Tocco Caudio under his control, dominating the region between Capua and Benevento (a Papal fief). He passed this territorial lordship on intact to his heirs, and it remained in their possession until the death of his grandson and namesake, Ranulf II, in 1139. Ranulf I was the youngest son of Count Asclettin of Acerenza, of the Drengot family of the Norman nobility. At the invitation of Abbot Desiderius, Ranulf was present at the dedication service of the new basilica of the Abbey of Monte Cassino on 1 October 1071. That same year, he assisted his nephew, Jordan, in a short-lived rebellion against the latter's father—Ranulf's brother—Prince Richard I of Capua. His loyalty to his nephew was rewarded when the latter succeeded Richard in 10 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caiazzo
Caiazzo (also Cajazzo) (Campanian: ) is a city and ''comune'' in the province of Caserta (Campania) in Italy. It is located on the right bank of the Volturnus, some northeast of Capua. History The ancient Caiatia was already in the hands of the Romans in 306 BC, and since in the 3rd century BC it issued copper coins with a Latin legend it must have had the . In the Social War it rebelled from Rome, and its territory was added to that of Capua by Sulla. In the imperial period, however, it was once more a . In the Middle Ages it belonged to the Lombard Duchy of Benevento and the County of Capua. The episcopal see was founded in 966. Later Frederick II established here a Treasure Court. It had a castle which was enlarged by the Angevines and, during the reign of Alfonso V of Aragon, housed his mistress Lucrezia d'Alagno. Later Caiazzo was the fief of numerous baronial families of the Kingdom of Naples. Caiazzo was the seat of anti-royal rebellions at the times of the Neapoli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard I Of Capua
Richard Drengot (died 1078) was the count of Aversa (1049–1078), prince of Capua (1058–1078, as Richard I) and duke of Gaeta (1064–1078). Early career in Italy Richard, who came from near Dieppe in the Pays de Caux in eastern Normandy, was the son of Asclettin I, count of Acerenza, younger brother of Asclettin II, count of Aversa, and nephew of Rainulf Drengot. Richard arrived in Southern Italy shortly after Rainulf's death in 1045, accompanied by forty Norman knights. When he first arrived in Aversa, according to Amatus of Montecassino Richard was well received by the people who followed him as if he were a count.''The History of the Normans by Amatus of Montecassino'', trans. Prescott N. Dunbar, ed. Graham A Loud (Woodbridge: Boydell Press, 2004), p. 84 He was described as strikingly handsome, a young man of open countenance who by design rode a horse so small his feet nearly touched the ground.The eleventh-century warhorse was usually smaller, usually no taller than 12 ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sarno
Sarno is a town and ''comune'' and former Latin Catholic bishopric of Campania, Italy, in the province of Salerno, 20 km northeast from the city of Salerno and 60 km east of Naples by the main railway. Overview It lies at the foot of the Apennine Mountains, near the sources of the Sarno River, called Sarnus in ancient times, a stream connected by canal with Pompei and the sea. Paper, cotton, silk, linen and hemp are manufactured. The travertine which forms round the springs of the Sarno was used even at ancient Pompeii as building material. History The area of Sarno has been inhabited since the Neolithic, and in pre-historical times housed Oscan and Samnites settlements. Later it was acquired by the Romans, who held it until the fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD. The first nucleus of the future Sarno grew in the 8th century around a castle founded by the Lombards of Benevento. Before its incorporation into the domains of the crown of Naple ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert, Count Of Montescaglioso
Robert (died July 1080) was the first Norman count of Montescaglioso. Robert had a brother, Geoffrey of Conversano. Their mother was a sister of Duke Robert Guiscard. Along with his brother Geoffrey and his cousins, Abelard and Herman, Robert was constantly in rebellion against his uncle the duke. In April 1064, Robert joined Abelard, Geoffrey, and Joscelin, Lord of Molfetta, in rebellion against Robert, who had just left for Sicily. They received the aid, financial and military, of Perenos, the Byzantine duke of Durazzo. Between 1 September 1065 and 31 August 1066, Byzantine troops landed at Bari. The rebels held out for several years, neither making headway against Robert nor he against them. On 1 January 1068, Romanus Diogenes was acclaimed emperor in Constantinople and the Greeks transferred their military attention to the Seljuk threat to their east. The rebellion fell apart and by February Robert had surrendered. In 1071, with Abelard, and in 1078, with his cousin Princ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geoffrey, Count Of Conversano
Geoffrey the Elder (died September 1100) was an Italo-Norman nobleman. A nephew of Robert Guiscard through one of his sisters, he was the count of Conversano from 1072 and the lord of Brindisi and Nardò from 1070, until his death. According to Goffredo Malaterra, Geoffrey conquered most of his lands with his own energy (''sua strenuitate'') and without the help of the Guiscard. Thus, when, in 1067, the Guiscard demanded homage for the castle of Montepeloso, Geoffrey refused. Robert brought him to heel in the subsequent war and Geoffrey did homage. Among the other lands Geoffrey had conquered from the Byzantines were Polignano and Monopoli. Geoffrey joined his cousins Abelard and Herman, his brother Robert, and Henry, Count of Monte Sant'Angelo in the rebellion of 1079–1082, while the Guiscard was away fighting the Byzantine Empire in the Balkans. His brother died in July 1080 and Abelard a year later. While he was besieging Oria, a city on the Via Appia between Brindisi and Tar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Herman Of Hauteville
Herman may refer to: People * Herman (name), list of people with this name * Saint Herman (other) * Peter Noone (born 1947), known by the mononym Herman Places in the United States * Herman, Arkansas * Herman, Michigan * Herman, Minnesota * Herman, Nebraska * Herman, Pennsylvania * Herman, Dodge County, Wisconsin * Herman, Shawano County, Wisconsin * Herman, Sheboygan County, Wisconsin Place in India * Herman (Village) Other uses * ''Herman'' (comic strip) * ''Herman'' (film), a 1990 Norwegian film * Herman the Bull, a bull used for genetic experiments in the controversial lactoferrin project of GenePharming, Netherlands * Herman the Clown ( fi, Pelle Hermanni), a Finnish TV clown from children's TV show performed by Veijo Pasanen * Herman's Hermits, a British pop combo * Herman cake (also called Hermann), a type of sourdough bread starter or Amish Friendship Bread starter * ''Herman'' (album) by 't Hof Van Commerce See also * Hermann (other) * Arman ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abelard Of Hauteville
Abelard of HautevilleHis name is ''Abélard'' in French and ''Abelardo'' or ''Abailardo'' in Italian. He is sometimes called Abagelard and it is sometimes asserted that his father was originally named Abagelard as well. ( 1044 – 1081) was the eldest son of Humphrey, count of Apulia and Calabria (1051–1057), and his Lombard wife, Gaitelgrima of Salerno, also known as Altrude. He was supposed to inherit his father's lands, but Robert Guiscard, his uncle and guardian, who was elected count on Humphrey's death, confiscated them. In April 1064, Abelard joined three discontented barons (Geoffrey I of Conversano; Joscelin, Lord of Molfetta; and Robert, Count of Montescaglioso) in rebellion against Robert, who had just left for Sicily. They received the aid, financial and military, of Perenos, the Byzantine duke of Durazzo, and held out for several years, neither making headway against Robert nor he against them. On 1 January 1068, Romanus Diogenes was acclaimed emperor in Consta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amico II Of Giovinazzo
Amicus of Giovinazzo, also Amicus II, french: Ami ( fl. 1063–1090), was a Norman nobleman and military leader during the Norman conquest of southern Italy. He was the count of Molfetta from 1068 until his death and of Giovinazzo from 1068 until 1073. He came from a prominent family often opposed to the rule of the Hautevilles. In 1067–68, 1072–73 and 1079–80 he took part in rebellions against the Hauteville Duke of Apulia. In 1067 and 1079 he received aid from Byzantium against the duke. In 1074–75, Amicus invaded Croatia in support of the Papacy in a dispute with the Croatian king. He captured the king, Petar Krešimir IV, paving the way for coronation of the Papacy's ally, Dmitar Zvonimir. He probably intended to carve out for himself a principality there, but he was defeated by the Republic of Venice (acting on behalf of Byzantium) and returned to Italy. In 1081–82, Amicus participated in the invasion of Byzantium. He led the right wing at the Battle of Dyrrhach ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry, Count Of Monte Sant'Angelo
Henry (died probably 21 December 1102A necrology of Montecassino dates his death to 21 December in an uncertain year. He is known to have been dead by August 1103.) was the Count of Monte Sant'Angelo, with his seat at Foggia, from November 1081. He was the second son of Robert, Count of Lucera, and Gaitelgrima, daughter of Guaimar IV of Salerno. The identity of his father is disputable. He was either the same person as a Robert who was Count of Devia between 1054 and 1081 or he was a son of Asclettin, Count of Aversa, and brother of Richard I of Capua. Henry's mother is known from one of his documents of 1098 which calls Guaimar IV ''avi mei''. Henry had an elder brother named Richard who served as count between 1072 and 1077 and was dead by March 1083. He also had a younger brother named William and a sister named Gaita who married Rao of Devia. Henry was the perhaps the same Henry as rebelled between 1079 and 1080 against Robert Guiscard. He certainly participated in the r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter II Of Trani
Peter II (french: Pierron; it, Pietrone; la, Petronius) (died 1081) was the third Italo-Norman count of Trani. He was the youngest of three sons of Peter I; his elder brothers were Amico and Geoffrey. Peter was on good terms with his overlord Drogo, Count of Apulia, who had been his father's enemy. Peter continued his father's attempts to secure Trani, still a Byzantine possession at the time of the latter's death. Peter II also strengthened the fortifications of Bisceglie, constructing several towers. In 1073 he began the Cathedral of Bisceglie (finished 1295), which he dedicated to his namesake, Saint Peter. In 1054 Peter finally captured Trani. He also took Canosa and "other cities" dominated by the Saracens, according to the '' Cronaca Cavese''. In 1059 he legislated laws for his new principality. In 1057 he began receiving those Normans disaffected by the rise of Robert Guiscard after the death of Count Humphrey, whose young sons, Abelard and Herman, were pushed aside. A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duchy Of Apulia
The County of Apulia and Calabria (), later the Duchy of Apulia and Calabria (), was a Norman state founded by William of Hauteville in 1042 in the territories of Gargano, Capitanata, Apulia, Vulture, and most of Campania. It became a duchy when Robert Guiscard was raised to the rank of duke by Pope Nicholas II in 1059. The duchy was disestablished in 1130 when the last duke of Apulia and Calabria, Roger II of Sicily became King of Sicily. The title of duke was thereafter used intermittently as a title for the heir apparent to the Kingdom of Sicily. Creation Drogo of Hauteville was made "count" of Apulia & Calabria by Emperor Henry III, with territories lost by Guaimario IV of the Principality of Salerno. William I of Hauteville, who returned in September 1042 in Melfi, was recognized by all the Normans as supreme leader. He turned to Guaimar IV, Lombard, Prince of Salerno, and Rainulf Drengot, Count of Aversa, and offered both an alliance. With the unification of the two N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Guiscard
Robert Guiscard (; Modern ; – 17 July 1085) was a Norman adventurer remembered for the conquest of southern Italy and Sicily. Robert was born into the Hauteville family in Normandy, went on to become count and then duke of Apulia and Calabria (1057–1059), Duke of Sicily (1059–1085), and briefly prince of Benevento (1078–1081) before returning the title to the papacy. His sobriquet, in contemporary Latin and Old French , is often rendered "the Resourceful", "the Cunning", "the Wily", "the Fox", or "the Weasel". In Italian sources he is often Roberto II Guiscardo or Roberto d'Altavilla (from Robert de Hauteville), while medieval Arabic sources call him simply ''Abārt al-dūqa'' (Duke Robert). Background From 999 to 1042 the Normans in Italy, coming first as pilgrims, were mainly mercenaries serving at various times the Byzantines and a number of Lombard nobles. The first of the independent Norman lords was Rainulf Drengot who established himself in the fortress of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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