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Rus'–Byzantine Treaty (other) ...
Treaties between the Kievan Rus' and the Byzantine Empire: *Rus'–Byzantine Treaty (907) * Rus'–Byzantine Treaty (911), supplementary agreement to the one of 907 *Rus'–Byzantine Treaty (945) * Rus'–Byzantine Treaty (971) * Rus'–Byzantine Treaty (1045) {{disambiguation See also * Kievan Rus' law * Russkaya Pravda The ''Russkaya Pravda'' (sometimes translated as ''Rus' Justice'', ''Rus' Truth'', or ''Russian Justice'') was the legal code of Kievan Rus' and its principalities during the period of feudal fragmentation. It was written at the beginning of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kievan Rus'
Kievan Rus', also known as Kyivan Rus,. * was the first East Slavs, East Slavic state and later an amalgam of principalities in Eastern Europe from the late 9th to the mid-13th century.John Channon & Robert Hudson, ''Penguin Historical Atlas of Russia'' (Penguin, 1995), p.14–16. Encompassing a variety of polities and peoples, including East Slavs, East Slavic, Norsemen, Norse, and Finnic peoples, Finnic, it was ruled by the Rurik dynasty, founded by the Varangians, Varangian prince Rurik.Kievan Rus , Encyclopædia Britannica Online. The name was coined by Russian historians in the 19th century to describe the period when Kiev was preeminent. At its greatest extent in the mid-11th century, Kievan Rus' stretched from the White Sea in the north to the Black Sea in the south and from the River source, headwaters of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire, also known as the Eastern Roman Empire, was the continuation of the Roman Empire centred on Constantinople during late antiquity and the Middle Ages. Having survived History of the Roman Empire, the events that caused the fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th centuryAD, it endured until the fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Empire in 1453. The term 'Byzantine Empire' was coined only after its demise; its citizens used the term 'Roman Empire' and called themselves 'Romans'. During the early centuries of the Roman Empire, the western provinces were Romanization (cultural), Latinised, but the eastern parts kept their Hellenistic culture. Constantine the Great, Constantine I () legalised Christianity and moved the capital to Constantinople. Theodosius I, Theodosius I () made Christianity the state religion and Greek gradually replaced Latin for official use. The empire adopted a defensive strategy and, throughout its remaining history, expe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rus'–Byzantine Treaty (907)
According to the ''Primary Chronicle'', the first Rus'–Byzantine Treaty was concluded in 907 as a result of Oleg's raid against Constantinople (see Rus'–Byzantine War (907) for details). Scholars generally consider this document as preliminary to the Rus'–Byzantine Treaty of 911. The text of the treaty, as preserved in the chronicle, opens with a list of signatories on the part of the Rus'. Out of these 15, there are two who have probably Finnic names, while the rest clearly have Old Norse names (attested Old Norse forms in parentheses): Karly (''Karli''), Inegeld (''Ingjaldr''), Farlof (''Farulfr''), Ver/lemud (''Vermu(n)dr''), Rulav (''Rollabʀ''), Stemid/Stemir (''Steinviðr''), Karn (''Karn''), Frelav (''Friðláfr''), Ruar (''Hróarr''), Truan (''Þrándr''), Gudy (''Góði''), Ruald (''Hróaldr''), and Fost (''Fastr'').The Nordic Languages, vol 1, p. 1041 [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rus'–Byzantine Treaty (911)
The Rus'–Byzantine Treaty of 911 is the most comprehensive and detailed treaty which was allegedly concluded between the Byzantine Empire and Kievan Rus' in the early 10th century. It was preceded by the preliminary treaty of 907. It is considered the earliest written source of Kievan Rus' law. The text of this treaty is only found in the ''Primary Chronicle'' (PVL), and its authenticity is therefore difficult to establish. Contents The text of the document is incorporated into the ''Primary Chronicle'' (PVL) '' sub anno'' 911. The text also includes speeches of the parties on the occasion. * The treaty opens with a lengthy enumeration of the Rus' envoys. * Article 1 proclaims the "solid and durable" friendship between Rus' and Greeks, and provides that the Rus' will never cause any damage to the Greeks and vice-versa. * The articles 3 to 7 regulate criminal law and the life of their colony at Constantinople. There is also a proviso on inheritance of a merchant who died ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rus'–Byzantine Treaty (945)
The Rus'–Byzantine Treaty, between the Byzantine emperor Constantine VII and Igor I of Kiev, was concluded either in 944 or 945. It was a result of the Rus'-Byzantine War of 941 undertaken by Kievan Rus' against Constantinople. Its provisions were less advantageous for the Rus' than those of the previous treaty, associated with the name of Igor's predecessor Oleg. It was one of the earliest written sources of Kievan Rus' law. The text of the treaty, as preserved in the ''Primary Chronicle'', contains agreements regarding the Rus' promise not to attack Chersonesos, a Byzantine exclave in the Crimea (Article 8). The mouth of the Dnieper River ( Beloberezhye) was to be administered jointly, although the Rus' were forbidden to winter there and to oppress fishers from Chersonesos (Article 12). Article 2 of the treaty contains provisions on maritime law. In order to distinguish peaceful merchants from raiders, each ship of the Rus' was to bear a charter of the Kievan prince, explain ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rus'–Byzantine War (970–971)
Sviatoslav's invasion of Bulgaria was a conflict beginning in 967/968 and ending in 971, carried out in the eastern Balkans, and involving the Kievan Rus', Bulgaria, and the Byzantine Empire. The Byzantines encouraged the Rus' ruler Sviatoslav to attack Bulgaria, leading to the defeat of the Bulgarian forces and the occupation of the northern and north-eastern part of the country by the Rus' for the following two years. The allies then turned against each other, and the ensuing military confrontation ended with a Byzantine victory. The Rus' withdrew and eastern Bulgaria was incorporated into the Byzantine Empire. In 927, a peace treaty had been signed between Bulgaria and Byzantium, ending many years of warfare and establishing forty years of peace. Both states prospered during this interlude, but the balance of power gradually shifted in favour of the Byzantines, who made great territorial gains against the Abbasid Caliphate in the east and formed a web of alliances surrounding Bu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rus'–Byzantine War (1043)
The final Rus'–Byzantine War was, in essence, an unsuccessful naval raid against Constantinople instigated by Yaroslav the Wise and led by his eldest son, Vladimir of Novgorod, in 1043. The reasons for the war are disputed, as is its course. Michael Psellus, an eyewitness of the battle, left a hyperbolic account detailing how the invading Kievan Rus' were annihilated by a superior Imperial fleet with Greek fire off the Anatolian shore. According to the Slavonic chronicles, the Rus' fleet was destroyed by a tempest. The Byzantines sent a squadron of 14 ships to pursue the dispersed monoxyla of the Rus'. They were sunk by the Ruthenian admiral Ivan Tvorimich, who also managed to rescue Prince Vladimir after the shipwreck. The Varangian Guard was also present. A 6,000-strong Ruthenian contingent under Vyshata, which did not take part in naval action, was captured and deported to Constantinople. Eight hundred of the Ruthenian prisoners were blinded. Vyshata was allowed to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kievan Rus' Law
Kievan Rus' law or law of Kievan Rus, also known as old Russian lawKaiser, Daniel HThe Growth of the Law in Medieval Russia. – Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2014 980 p. 26, 218. or early Russian law, was a legal system in Kievan Rus' (since the 9th century), in later Rus' principalities, and in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania from the 13th century.''Nikolai Maksimeyko'Russian Truth and Lithuanian-Russian Law. Kyiv: Type. S. V. Kulzhenko, 1904. 14 p. Its main sources were early Slavic customary law and ''Zakon Russkiy'' (Law of Rus'), which was partly recorded in Rus'–Byzantine Treaties. A number of articles have similarities with the Germanic (barbarian) laws, for example, the "Salic law" – a collection of legislative acts of Francia, the oldest text of which dates back to the beginning of the 6th century. The main written sources were ''Russkaya Pravda'' ("Rus' Justice") (since the 11th century) and Statutes of Lithuania (since the 16th century).Memorials of Russian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
