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Romania Gens
The gens Romania was an obscure plebs, plebeian family at ancient Rome. No members of this gens appear in history, but many are known from inscriptions. Origin The Roman naming conventions#Nomen, nomen ''Romanius'' belongs to a large class of gentilicia formed from surnames ending in the suffix ''-anus'', typically derived from place-names. Here the name is derived from a cognomen, ''Romanus'', referring to a resident of Rome itself. Praenomina The Romanii used a wide variety of common praenomen, praenomina, including ''Lucius (praenomen), Lucius'', ''Gaius (praenomen), Gaius'', ''Marcus (praenomen), Marcus'', ''Publius (praenomen), Publius'', ''Quintus (praenomen), Quintus'', ''Titus (praenomen), Titus'', and ''Gnaeus (praenomen), Gnaeus''. Other names are found occasionally, including ''Aulus (praenomen), Aulus'', ''Numerius (praenomen), Numerius'', ''Decimus (praenomen), Decimus'', ''Servius (praenomen), Servius'', and ''Tiberius (praenomen), Tiberius''. The Oscan language, O ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plebs
In ancient Rome, the plebeians (also called plebs) were the general body of free Roman citizens who were not patricians, as determined by the census, or in other words " commoners". Both classes were hereditary. Etymology The precise origins of the group and the term are unclear, but may be related to the Greek, ''plēthos'', meaning masses. In Latin, the word is a singular collective noun, and its genitive is . Plebeians were not a monolithic social class. Those who resided in the city and were part of the four urban tribes are sometimes called the , while those who lived in the country and were part of the 31 smaller rural tribes are sometimes differentiated by using the label . ( List of Roman tribes) In ancient Rome In the annalistic tradition of Livy and Dionysius, the distinction between patricians and plebeians was as old as Rome itself, instituted by Romulus' appointment of the first hundred senators, whose descendants became the patriciate. Modern hypothese ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oscan Language
Oscan is an extinct Indo-European language of southern Italy. The language is in the Osco-Umbrian or Sabellic branch of the Italic languages. Oscan is therefore a close relative of Umbrian. Oscan was spoken by a number of tribes, including the Samnites, the Aurunci (Ausones), and the Sidicini. The latter two tribes were often grouped under the name " Osci". The Oscan group is part of the Osco-Umbrian or Sabellic family, and includes the Oscan language and three variants ( Hernican, Marrucinian and Paelignian) known only from inscriptions left by the Hernici, Marrucini and Paeligni, minor tribes of eastern central Italy. Adapted from the Etruscan alphabet, the Central Oscan alphabet was used to write Oscan in Campania and surrounding territories from the 5th century BCE until possibly the 1st century CE. Evidence Oscan is known from inscriptions dating as far back as the 5th century BCE. The most important Oscan inscriptions are the Ta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lucania
Lucania was a historical region of Southern Italy. It was the land of the Lucani, an Oscan people. It extended from the Tyrrhenian Sea to the Gulf of Taranto. It bordered with Samnium and Campania in the north, Apulia in the east, and Bruttium in the south-west, and was at the tip of the peninsula which is now called Calabria. It thus comprised almost all the modern region of Basilicata, the southern part of the Province of Salerno (the Cilento area) and a northern portion of the Province of Cosenza. The precise limits were the river Silarus in the north-west, which separated it from Campania, and the Bradanus which flows into the Gulf of Taranto in the east. The lower tract of the river Laus, which flows from a ridge of the Apennine Mountains to the Tyrrhenian Sea in an east-west direction, marked part of the border with Bruttium. Regions of Italy Geography Almost the whole area is occupied by the Apennine Mountains, which here are an irregular group of lofty masse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Banzi
Banzi ( Lucano: ) is a town and ''comune'' in the province of Potenza, Basilicata, southern Italy. Called ''Bantia'' in antiquity, it was the site of the find of the bronze tablet known as the Tabula Bantina, which contains a fragment of the ancient Oscan language Oscan is an extinct Indo-European language of southern Italy. The language is in the Osco-Umbrian or Sabellic branch of the Italic languages. Oscan is therefore a close relative of Umbrian. Oscan was spoken by a number of tribes, including .... References Sources * Cities and towns in Basilicata {{Basilicata-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pannonia Superior
Pannonia Superior, lit. Upper Pannonia, was a province of the Roman Empire. Its capital was Carnuntum. It was one on the border provinces on the Danube. It was formed in the year 103 AD by Emperor Trajan who divided the former province of Pannonia into two parts: Pannonia Superior and Pannonia Inferior. The province included parts of present-day states of Austria, Croatia, Hungary, Slovakia, and Slovenia. History It was as governor of the province that Septimius Severus made his bid for the Roman Imperial throne in April 193 CE. In 308 Emperor Diocletian chaired a historic meeting with his co-emperors Maximian and Galerius in Carnuntum, to solve the rising tensions within the Tetrarchy. Diocletian and Maximian were both present on 11 November 308, to see Galerius appoint Licinius to be Augustus in place of Valerius Severus, who had died at the hands of Maxentius. Galerius ordered Maximian, who had attempted to return to power after his own retirement, to step down perman ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Szőny
Szőny was a town in Hungary. Since 1977, it has been part of the city of Komárom. History The Roman legion Legio I Adiutrix was based here from 86 AD to the mid-5th century and took part in several Parthian wars. The town was known as Brigetio to the Romans, and was the site of the death of Roman Emperor Valentinian I An important Roman military diploma was found in the town in the early twentieth century - it is now in the British Museum The British Museum is a public museum dedicated to human history, art and culture located in the Bloomsbury area of London. Its permanent collection of eight million works is among the largest and most comprehensive in existence. It docume ...'s collection. Later during the Middle Ages the town was called ''Camarum''. The town has one of the earliest records of conjoined twins - Helen and Judith. During the Oil Campaign of World War II, the Szőny oil refinery was a strategic bombing target. References Oil campaign of World ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legio II Adiutrix
Legio II Adiutrix ("Second Legion, the Rescuer"), was a legion of the Imperial Roman army founded in AD 70 by the emperor Vespasian (r. 69–79), originally composed of Roman navy marines of the '' classis Ravennatis''. There are still records of II ''Adiutrix'' in the Rhine border in the beginning of the 4th century. The legion's symbols were a Capricorn and Pegasus. History The first assignment of II ''Adiutrix'' was in Germania Inferior, where the Batavian rebellion was at its peak. After the defeat of the rebels, II ''Adiutrix'' followed general Quintus Petillius Cerialis to Britain to deal with another rebellion led by Venutius. During the next years, the legion was to stay in the British Islands to subdue the rebel tribes of Scotland and Wales, with base camp probably at Chester. In 87, the legion was recalled to the continent to participate in the Dacian wars of emperor Domitian. Between 94 and 95, still in Dacia, later emperor Hadrian served as military tribune in the I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dalmatia (Roman Province)
Dalmatia was a Roman province. Its name is derived from the name of an Illyrian tribe called the Dalmatae, which lived in the central area of the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea. It encompassed the northern part of present-day Albania, much of Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Kosovo and Serbia, thus covering an area significantly larger than the current Croatian region of Dalmatia. Originally this region was called Illyria (in Greek) or Illyricum (in Latin). The province of Illyricum was dissolved and replaced by two separate provinces: Dalmatia and Pannonia. Conquest The region which ran along the coast of the Adriatic Sea and extended inland on the Dinaric Alps was called Illyria by the Greeks. Originally, the Romans also called the area Illyria and later, Illyricum. The Romans fought three Illyrian Wars (229 BC, 219/8 BC and 168 BC) mainly against the kingdom of the Ardiaei to the south of the region. In 168 BC, they abolished this kingdom and divided it into ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salona
Salona ( grc, Σάλωνα) was an ancient city and the capital of the Roman province of Dalmatia. Salona is located in the modern town of Solin, next to Split, in Croatia. Salona was founded in the 3rd century BC and was mostly destroyed in the invasions of the Avars and Slavs in the seventh century AD. Many Roman characteristics can be seen such as walls; a forum; a theatre; an amphitheatre, public baths and an aqueduct. History Salona grew in the area of the Greek cities of Tragurian and Epetian on the river Jadro in the 3rd century BC. Salona is the largest archaeological park in Croatia and grew to over 60,000 inhabitants. It was the birthplace of Emperor Diocletian. In the first millennium BC the Greeks set up a marketplace.Salona had also been in the territory of the Illyrian Delmatae, before the conquest of the Romans. Salona became the capital of the Roman province of Dalmatia because it sided with the future Roman Dictator Gaius Julius Caesar in the ci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gallia Narbonensis
Gallia Narbonensis (Latin for "Gaul of Narbonne", from its chief settlement) was a Roman province located in what is now Languedoc and Provence, in Southern France. It was also known as Provincia Nostra ("Our Province"), because it was the first Roman province north of the Alps, and as Gallia Transalpina ("Transalpine Gaul"), distinguishing it from Cisalpine Gaul in Northern Italy. It became a Roman province in the late 2nd century BC. Gallia Narbonensis was bordered by the Pyrenees Mountains on the west, the Cévennes to the north, the Alps on the east, and the Gulf of Lion on the south; the province included the majority of the Rhone catchment. The western region of Gallia Narbonensis was known as Septimania. The province was a valuable part of the Roman Empire, owing to the Greek colony of Massalia, its location between the Spanish provinces and Rome, and its financial output. Names The province of Gallia Transalpina ("Transalpine Gaul") was later renamed Galli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nîmes
Nîmes ( , ; oc, Nimes ; Latin: ''Nemausus'') is the prefecture of the Gard department in the Occitanie region of Southern France. Located between the Mediterranean Sea and Cévennes, the commune of Nîmes has an estimated population of 148,561 (2019). Dubbed the most Roman city outside Italy, Nîmes has a rich history dating back to the Roman Empire when the city had a population of 50,000–60,000 and was the regional capital. Several famous monuments are in Nîmes, such as the Arena of Nîmes and the Maison Carrée. Because of this, Nîmes is often referred to as the "French Rome". Origins Nimes is situated where the alluvial plain of the Vistrenque River abuts the hills of Mont Duplan to the northeast, Montaury to the southwest, and to the west Mt. Cavalier and the knoll of Canteduc. Its name appears in inscriptions in Gaulish as ''dede matrebo Namausikabo'' ("he has given to the mothers of Nîmes") and "''toutios Namausatis''" ("citizen of Nîmes"). Nemausus w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sodales Augustales
The Sodales or Sacerdotes Augustales (''singular'' Sodalis or Sacerdos Augustalis), or simply Augustales,Tacitus, ''Annales'' 1.54 were an order ('' sodalitas'') of Roman priests originally instituted by Tiberius to attend to the maintenance of the cult of Augustus and the Julii. Their establishment in 14 A.D. was described by Tacitus in his first book of the ''Annales''. Augustales or ''seviri Augustales'' became institutions throughout the cities of the western Roman empire and were usually selected by the town councillors. Up to 95% of Augustales were freedmen as has been attested in inscriptions. They were rich and acted as benefactors, funding public entertainments and new buildings. In Rome the ''sodales'' were chosen by lot among the principal persons of Rome, and were twenty one in number, to which were added Tiberius, Drusus, Claudius, and Germanicus, as members of the imperial family. Women might be appointed priestesses of Augustus, a practice probably originating in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
