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Regional Congress Of Peasants, Workers And Insurgents
The Regional Congresses of Peasants, Workers and Insurgents represented the "highest form of democratic authority" within the political system of the Makhnovshchina. They brought together delegates from the region's peasantry, industrial workers and insurgent soldiers, which would discuss the issues at hand and take their decisions back with them to local popular assembly, popular assemblies. Background In the wake of the February Revolution, a series of provincial peasant congresses began to be held throughout Ukraine. In May and July 1917, Nestor Makhno was himself a delegate to peasant congresses in Zaporizhzhia, Oleksandrivsk, where he became disillusioned with party politics, due to the dominance of the Socialist-Revolutionary Party and a tendency to discussion and debate, without taking action. In August 1917, Makhno attended the First Provincial Congress of Soviets and Peasant Unions, which was being held in Dnipro, Katerynoslav, but encountered similar problems, despite n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Viktor Bilash
Viktor Fedorovych Bilash (; 1893 – 24 January 1938) was a Ukrainian military commander who was the Chief of Staff of the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine (RIAU) under Nestor Makhno during the Russian Civil War. A gifted military commander, Bilash himself planned many of the Insurgent Army's operations, later becoming its commander in chief after Makhno's flight into exile. His son, Oleksandr, a World War II veteran, was able to obtain the manuscript of his father's work, with other previously unknown documents in 1993. He subsequently published it together as a book called “The Roads of Nestor Makhno”. Biography Viktor Bilash was born in the small Pryazovian town of Osypenko, Berdiansk Raion, Novospasivka, where he worked as a train driver during his youth. During the early months of the Ukrainian War of Independence, the Austro-Hungarian Army shot Viktor's father, grandfather and cousin, and even set his house on fire, in reprisal for Bilash having joined the part ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Revolutionary Socialism
Revolutionary socialism is a political philosophy, doctrine, and tradition within socialism that stresses the idea that a social revolution is necessary to bring about structural changes in society. More specifically, it is the view that revolution is a necessary precondition for transitioning from a capitalist to a socialist mode of production. Revolution is not necessarily defined as a violent insurrection; it is defined as a seizure of political power by mass movements of the working class so that the state is directly controlled or abolished by the working class as opposed to the capitalist class and its interests. Revolutionary socialists believe such a state of affairs is a precondition for establishing socialism and orthodox Marxists believe it is inevitable but not predetermined. Revolutionary socialism encompasses multiple political and social movements that may define "revolution" differently from one another. These include movements based on orthodox Marxist t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War I
World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting took place mainly in European theatre of World War I, Europe and the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I, Middle East, as well as in parts of African theatre of World War I, Africa and the Asian and Pacific theatre of World War I, Asia-Pacific, and in Europe was characterised by trench warfare; the widespread use of Artillery of World War I, artillery, machine guns, and Chemical weapons in World War I, chemical weapons (gas); and the introductions of Tanks in World War I, tanks and Aviation in World War I, aircraft. World War I was one of the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflicts in history, resulting in an estimated World War I casualties, 10 million military dead and more than 20 million wounded, plus some 10 million civilian de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Union Of Socialists-Revolutionaries-Maximalists
Union of Socialists-Revolutionaries-Maximalists () was a political party in the Russian Empire, a radical wing expelled from the Socialist-Revolutionary Party in 1906. The Union united agrarian terrorists, the 'Moscow Opposition' and other radical dissidents from the PSR in an independent party. The Maximalists officially split off from the PSR at its Second Congress in Imatra in 1906. Maximalists played a role in both the Revolution of 1905 and the Revolution of 1917. Many former SR Maximalists eventually joined the Russian Communist Party (Bolshevik). Ideology and history Maximalists were so called because they demanded the full implementation of the 'maximum programme' in the expected revolution: full socialisation of the land, factories and all other means of production. The orthodox Socialist-Revolutionaries wanted to start with land reform but defer socialisation of other means of production. The Maximalists also rejected the PSR's version of a 'two-stage' revolution, a t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Left Socialist-Revolutionaries
The Party of Left Socialist-Revolutionaries-Internationalists () was a revolutionary socialist political party formed during the Russian Revolution. In 1917, the Socialist Revolutionary Party split between those who supported the Russian Provisional Government, established after the February Revolution and those who supported the Bolsheviks, who favoured the overthrow of the Provisional Government and the placing of political power in the hands of the Congress of Soviets. Those that continued to support the Provisional Government became known as the Right SRs while those who aligned with the Bolsheviks became known as the Left Socialist-Revolutionaries or Left SRs (). After the October Revolution, the Left SRs formed a coalition government with the Bolsheviks from November 1917 to March 1918, but resigned its position in government after the signing of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. The Central Committee of the Left SRs ultimately ordered the assassination of Wilhelm von Mi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Velykomykhailivka
Velykomykhailivka () is a Ukrainian village in the Synelnykove Raion of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast. It is located on the right bank of the Vovcha River. It is the administrative center of the Velykomykhailivsky village council, which, in addition, includes the villages of , , , , , , and . Etymology Velykomykhailivka is named after the first Zimchan Cossack. Since there were two villages named Mikhailivka, the larger one became known as Velykomykhailivka, and the smaller one became Malayamykhailivka. Local people also called the town Dibrivka, after the oak forests that surrounded it. History The burial mounds located to the south and north of Velykomykhailivka testify to the settlement of this area during the Bronze Age. During the time of the New Sich (1734-1776) the village was used as winter quarters by the Zaporozhian Cossacks. In 1776, the governor of Azov, , replaced them with the state military settlement of Mykhailivka. In 1779, it had 175 households. Before the abolitio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
White Movement
The White movement,. The old spelling was retained by the Whites to differentiate from the Reds. also known as the Whites, was one of the main factions of the Russian Civil War of 1917–1922. It was led mainly by the Right-wing politics, right-leaning and Conservatism, conservative officers of the Russian Empire, while the Bolsheviks who led the October Revolution in Russia, also known as the ''Reds'', and their supporters, were regarded as the main enemies of the Whites. It operated as a loose system of governments and administrations and military formations collectively referred to as the White Army, or the White Guard. Although the White movement included a variety of political opinions in Russia opposed to the Bolsheviks, from the republican-minded liberals through monarchists to the ultra-nationalist Black Hundreds, and did not have a universally-accepted leader or doctrine, the main force behind the movement were the conservative officers, and the resulting movement shared ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chief Of Staff
The title chief of staff (or head of staff) identifies the leader of a complex organization such as the armed forces, institution, or body of persons and it also may identify a principal staff officer (PSO), who is the coordinator of the supporting Employment, staff or a primary aide-de-camp to an important individual, such as a President (government title), president, or a senior military officer, or leader of a large organization. In general, a chief of staff provides a buffer between a chief executive and that executive's direct-reporting team. The chief of staff generally works behind the scenes to solve problems, mediate disputes, and deal with issues before they are brought to the chief executive. Often chiefs of staff act as a confidant and advisor to the chief executive, acting as a sounding board for ideas. Ultimately the actual duties depend on the position and the people involved. Civilian Government Australia *Chief of Staff to the Prime Minister (Australia), Chief ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polohy
Polohy (, ; ) is a List of cities in Ukraine, city in Zaporizhzhia Oblast, Ukraine. It serves as the administrative center of Polohy urban hromada and Polohy Raion within the oblast. Population: It is a significant railway junction. Since March 2022, it has been under Russian occupation of Zaporizhzhia Oblast, Russian occupation. Geography Polohy is located on the left bank of the Konka (river, Zaporizhzhia Oblast), Konka river, at the intersection of several railways, making it a significant railway junction. The is located there. Across the Konka river is a village, also called . History Founding and the Russian Civil War Polohy was established in 1887 after the construction of a railway that connected Berdiansk with Yekaterinoslav. The city specifically celebrates 17 September as the date of the city's founding. By 1890, houses for workers had been built in the area. In 1894, the railway station was built, contributing to the growth of the village. By 1904, whe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Revolutionary Insurgent Army Of Ukraine
The Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine (; RIAU), also known as ''Makhnovtsi'' (), named after their founder Nestor Makhno, was an Anarchism, anarchist army formed largely of Ukrainians, Ukrainian peasants and workers during the Russian Civil War. They protected the operation of "free soviets" and libertarian socialism, libertarian communes by the Makhnovshchina, an attempt to form a Stateless society, stateless Anarcho-communism, anarcho-communist society from 1918 to 1921 during the Ukrainian War of Independence. Terminology "Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine" is the common translation of the . It is commonly Contraction (grammar), contracted to "Insurgent Army", or "Revolutionary Insurgent Army". This term has less commonly been translated as "Revolutionary Insurrectionary Army of Ukraine" or "Revolutionary Partisan Army of Ukraine", with their own respective contractions "Insurrectionary Army" and "Partisan Army". The Russian Bolshevik politician Victor Serge him ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ukrainian People's Army
The Ukrainian People's Army (), also known as the Ukrainian National Army (UNA) or by the derogatory term Petliurivtsi (, ), was the army of the Ukrainian People's Republic (1917–1921). They were often quickly reorganized units of the former Imperial Russian Army and newly formed volunteer detachments that later joined the national armed forces. The army lacked a certain degree of uniformity, adequate leadership to keep discipline and morale. Unlike the Ukrainian Galician Army, the Ukrainian People's Army did not manage to evolve a solid organizational structure, and consisted mostly of volunteer units, not Regular army, regulars. History Creation: Military congresses When the Tsentralna Rada () came to power in Ukraine in spring of 1917, it was forced to promptly put together an army to defend Ukraine against the Bolsheviks. Nearly all units of the newly created army were detached from the Imperial Russian Army. On March 29, 1917 the first organization of military forum the U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petro Bolbochan
Petro Fedorovych Bolbochan ( – 28 June 1919) was a Ukrainian military figure of Moldovan descent who was a colonel of the Ukrainian People's Army. He was the leader of Ukrainian forces in the 1918 Crimea Operation against the Bolsheviks, leading to the establishment of Ukrainian government on the peninsula and the transfer of the Black Sea Fleet to Ukraine. From November 1918 to January 1919, Bolbochan headed the Defense of Northeastern Ukraine. Early life and career Petro Fedorovych Bolbochan was born on 5 October 1883The world's first monument to Colonel of the UPR Army Bolbochan was unveiled in Kyiv (5 October 20 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
