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Potou–Tano Languages
The Potou–Tano or Potou–Akanic languages are the only large, well-established branch of the Kwa family. They have been partially reconstructed historically by Stewart in 1989 and 2002.Stewart, John M. 2002. The potential of Proto-Potou-Akanic-Bantu as a pilot Proto-Niger-Congo, and the reconstructions updated. ''Journal of African Languages and Linguistics'' 23:197-224. Languages The Potou branch consists of two minor languages of Ivory Coast, Ebrié and Mbato. The Tano branch includes the major languages of SE Ivory Coast and southern Ghana, Baoulé and Akan. *Potou (Potu) ** Ebrié ** Mbato *Tano (Akanic) ** Krobu **West Tano: Abure, Eotile ** Central Tano (Bia and the Akan language, the Akan languages) ** Guang See also * Proto-Potou-Akanic reconstructions (Wiktionary) References External linksProto-Potou-Akanic-Bantu reconstructions(Stewart) Kwa languages {{kwa-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ivory Coast
Ivory Coast, also known as Côte d'Ivoire, officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a country on the southern coast of West Africa. Its capital is Yamoussoukro, in the centre of the country, while its largest city and economic centre is the port city of Abidjan. It borders Guinea to the northwest, Liberia to the west, Mali to the northwest, Burkina Faso to the northeast, Ghana to the east, and the Gulf of Guinea (Atlantic Ocean) to the south. Its official language is French, and indigenous languages are also widely used, including Bété, Baoulé, Dioula, Dan, Anyin, and Cebaara Senufo. In total, there are around 78 different languages spoken in Ivory Coast. The country has a religiously diverse population, including numerous followers of Christianity, Islam, and indigenous faiths. Before its colonization by Europeans, Ivory Coast was home to several states, including Gyaaman, the Kong Empire, and Baoulé. The area became a protectorate of France in 184 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ebrié Language
Ebrié, or Cama (Caman, Kyama, Tchaman, Tsama, Tyama), is spoken by the Tchaman people in Ivory Coast and Ghana. It is a Potou language of the Kwa branch of the Niger–Congo family of languages. Phonology Phonemic Inventory The sounds and are marginal and occur only in loanwords. There are no nasal consonant phonemes in Ebrié. Instead, the nasal vowels cause the voiced lenis consonant series �, ɗ, j, wto assimilate into , n, ɲ, ŋʷ Tones Ebrié has two level tones (H and L) and a falling tone (HL). It also has floating tones, and the voiced fortis consonants have a tendency to lower the pitch of the low tone. Morphology Nominal Prefixes The noun class prefixes in Ebrié distinguish between certain homophones and between singular and plural forms. Originally, this system would have been more robust, as seen in other Niger-Congo languages. The four nominal prefixes are ''á-, à-, ɛ̃́-'', and ''ɛ̃̀''-. The latter two, which are nasal vowels, ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guang Languages
The Guan languages are languages of the Kwa language family spoken by the Guan people in Ghana and Togo: *South Guan: Efutu, Cherepon, Gua, Larteh Larteh is a language of southeastern Ghana Ghana (; tw, Gaana, ee, Gana), officially the Republic of Ghana, is a country in West Africa. It abuts the Gulf of Guinea and the Atlantic Ocean to the south, sharing borders with Ivory Coast ... *North Guan: Chumburung– Tchumbuli, Dwang, Foodo, Kyode, Ginyanga, Gonja, Kplang, Krache, Nawuri, Nchumbulu, Nkonya– Nkami, Ntrapo, Vagala, Sissala ''Ethnologue'' and ''Glottolog'' also list Dompo, but according to Blench (1999), that is better left unclassified. Proto-Guang has been reconstructed by Snider (1990).Snider, Keith L. 1990. The consonants of proto-Guan. ''Journal of West African languages'' 20(1), 3-26. See also * List of Proto-Guang reconstructions (Wiktionary) References Potou–Tano languages Languages of Ghana Languages of Togo { ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Tano Languages
Central is an adjective usually referring to being in the center of some place or (mathematical) object. Central may also refer to: Directions and generalised locations * Central Africa, a region in the centre of Africa continent, also known as Middle Africa * Central America, a region in the centre of America continent * Central Asia, a region in the centre of Eurasian continent * Central Australia, a region of the Australian continent * Central Belt, an area in the centre of Scotland * Central Europe, a region of the European continent * Central London, the centre of London * Central Region (other) * Central United States, a region of the United States of America Specific locations Countries * Central African Republic, a country in Africa States and provinces * Blue Nile (state) or Central, a state in Sudan * Central Department, Paraguay * Central Province (Kenya) * Central Province (Papua New Guinea) * Central Province (Solomon Islands) * Central Province, Sri La ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eotile Language
Eotile, or Beti, is a nearly extinct Tano language of Ivory Coast. Speakers are shifting to Anyin, with remaining Eotile speakers heavily influenced by that language. The last speaker of "pure" Eotile is reported to have died in 1993. References Potou–Tano languages Languages of Ivory Coast Endangered Niger–Congo languages {{kwa-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abure Language
Abure (Aboulé), also known as ''Abonwa'' or ''Akaplass'', is a Tano language ( Kwa, Niger–Congo) spoken near Abidjan Abidjan ( , ; N’ko: ߊߓߌߖߊ߲߬) is the economic capital of the Ivory Coast. As of the 2021 census, Abidjan's population was 6.3 million, which is 21.5 percent of overall population of the country, making it the sixth most populous city p ... in Ivory Coast. References External links Listen to a sample of Abure from Global Recordings Network Potou–Tano languages Languages of Ivory Coast {{kwa-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Krobu Language
Krobu (Krobou) is a Tano language ( Kwa, Niger–Congo) of Ivory Coast Ivory Coast, also known as Côte d'Ivoire, officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a country on the southern coast of West Africa. Its capital is Yamoussoukro, in the centre of the country, while its largest city and economic centre i .... References Potou–Tano languages Languages of Ivory Coast {{Authority control ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mbato Language
Mbato, also known as Mbatto, Nghlwa, Potu or Gwa, is a Kwa language spoken in Ivory Coast and in Ghana. It is one of two Potou languages, along with Ebrié. The Mbato people primarily live in the La Mé region of Ivory Coast, particularly in the sub-prefecture of Oghlwapo in the Alépé department. Phonology Mbato has no nasal consonant phonemes, but the nasal vowels (see table below) cause the sonorants �, l, j, wto assimilate and be pronounced as , n, ɲ, ŋʷ There are two bilabial implosive phonemes, /ɓ¹/ and /ɓ²/. The first is always pronounced as � while the second is pronounced in the context of a nasal vowel. The sounds , v, zare marginal and occur only in loanwords. While the Proto-Potou language likely had an ± ATR system, it has disappeared from Ebrié and left only traces in Mbato. Mbato has a tonal system consisting of three level tones. Grammar Noun Classes The noun class prefixes in Mbato serve to distinguish between certain homophon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Akan Language
Akan () is a Central Tano language and the principal native language of the Akan people of Ghana, spoken over much of the southern half of Ghana. About 80% of Ghana's population can speak Akan, and about 44% of Ghanaians are native speakers. It is also spoken in parts of Côte d'Ivoire. Four dialects have been developed as literary standards with distinct orthographies: Asante, Akuapem, Bono (collectively known as Twi), and Fante; which, despite being mutually intelligible, were inaccessible in written form to speakers of the other standards until the Akan Orthography Committee (AOC)'s development of a common Akan orthography in 1978, based mainly on Akuapem Twi. This unified orthography is used as the medium of instruction in primary school by speakers of several other Central Tano languages, such as Akyem, Anyi, Sehwi, Fante, Ahanta, and the Guan languages. The Akan Orthography Committee has worked on the creation of a standard orthography. With the Atlantic s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ghana
Ghana (; tw, Gaana, ee, Gana), officially the Republic of Ghana, is a country in West Africa. It abuts the Gulf of Guinea and the Atlantic Ocean to the south, sharing borders with Ivory Coast in the west, Burkina Faso in the north, and Togo in the east.Jackson, John G. (2001) ''Introduction to African Civilizations'', Citadel Press, p. 201, . Ghana covers an area of , spanning diverse biomes that range from coastal savannas to tropical rainforests. With nearly 31 million inhabitants (according to 2021 census), Ghana is the second-most populous country in West Africa, after Nigeria. The capital and largest city is Accra; other major cities are Kumasi, Tamale, and Sekondi-Takoradi. The first permanent state in present-day Ghana was the Bono state of the 11th century. Numerous kingdoms and empires emerged over the centuries, of which the most powerful were the Kingdom of Dagbon in the north and the Ashanti Empire in the south. Beginning in the 15th century, the Portuguese E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baoulé Language
Baoulé, also known as Baule or Bawule, is a language spoken in central and southern Ivory Coast, including in the regions of Lacs, Lagunes, Gôh-Djiboua, Sassandra-Marahoué, Vallée du Bandama, Woroba, and Yamoussoukro, by approximately 4.7 million people. It is a Kwa language of the Central Tano branch, forming a dialect continuum with Anyin and closely related to Nzema and Sehwi. It is the common language of the Baoulé people, the largest ethnic group in Ivory Coast. Translations of the Bible In 1946, portions of the Bible translated into Baoulé were first published; the full New Testament followed in 1953. The complete Bible was published first in 1998, by the Bible Society in Abidjan. Phonology Consonants Vowels Of these vowels, five may be nasalized: /ĩ/, /ɛ̃/, /ã/, /ũ/, and /ɔ̃/. Tones Baoulé has five tones: high, low, mid, rising, and falling. Orthography Baoulé uses the following letters to indicate the following phonemes: See ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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