|
Pioneer Organization Of The Socialist Youth Union
Pionýr (literally: Pioneer), officially Pioneer Organization of the Socialist Youth Union ( cz, Pionýrská organizace Socialistického svazu mládeže, PO SSM; sk, Pionierska organizácia Socialistického zväzu mládeže, PO SZM), was a youth Marxism-Leninism, Marxist-Leninist organization in communist Czechoslovakia that was a subdivision of the Czechoslovak Socialist Youth Union, Socialist Youth Union. Although the organisation proclaimed to be voluntary, every child was expected to join from the age of six. Etymology The Czech word ''pionýr'' is an approximate synonym of the word ''skaut'' (scout). Both are loan words from English and both are connected with the Czech idealization of the Wild West. Therefore, the Pionýr's inspiration from the Scout movement is obvious. Activities Pioneer activities were taken from the Scout movement, the Sokol movement, and the Soviet Komsomol and its Vladimir Lenin All-Union Pioneer Organization, with which it was partnered. Origin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prague
Prague ( ; cs, Praha ; german: Prag, ; la, Praga) is the capital and largest city in the Czech Republic, and the historical capital of Bohemia. On the Vltava river, Prague is home to about 1.3 million people. The city has a temperate oceanic climate, with relatively warm summers and chilly winters. Prague is a political, cultural, and economic hub of central Europe, with a rich history and Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque architectures. It was the capital of the Kingdom of Bohemia and residence of several Holy Roman Emperors, most notably Charles IV (r. 1346–1378). It was an important city to the Habsburg monarchy and Austro-Hungarian Empire. The city played major roles in the Bohemian and the Protestant Reformations, the Thirty Years' War and in 20th-century history as the capital of Czechoslovakia between the World Wars and the post-war Communist era. Prague is home to a number of well-known cultural attractions, many of which survived the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national republics; in practice, both its government and its economy were highly centralized until its final years. It was a one-party state governed by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, with the city of Moscow serving as its capital as well as that of its largest and most populous republic: the Russian SFSR. Other major cities included Leningrad (Russian SFSR), Kiev (Ukrainian SSR), Minsk ( Byelorussian SSR), Tashkent (Uzbek SSR), Alma-Ata (Kazakh SSR), and Novosibirsk (Russian SFSR). It was the largest country in the world, covering over and spanning eleven time zones. The country's roots lay in the October Revolution of 1917, when the Bolsheviks, under the leadership of Vladimir Lenin, overthrew the Russian Provisional Government ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pioneer Movement
A pioneer movement is an organization for children operated by a communist party. Typically children enter into the organization in elementary school and continue until adolescence. The adolescents then typically join the Young Communist League. Prior to the 1990s there was a wide cooperation between pioneer and similar movements of about 30 countries, coordinated by the international organization, '' International Committee of Children's and Adolescents' Movements'' (french: Comité international des mouvements d'enfants et d'adolescents, CIMEA), founded in 1958, with headquarters in Budapest, Hungary. Overview During the Russian Civil War from 1917 to 1921, most of the Russian Scoutmasters and many Scouts fought in the ranks of the White Army against the Red Army. Between 1918 and 1920, the All-Russian Congresses of the Russian Union of the Communist Youth ( Komsomol) decided to eradicate the Scout movement and create an organization of the communist type, that would take Sov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pionýr (Czech Republic)
Pionýr (- Czech, in English ''Pioneer'') is a Czech-based voluntary, independent and nonpolitical movement of children, youth and adult people. It focuses on non-formal, educational activities and is organised during leisure time. Pionýr partially keeps an old tradition based on the Pioneer Movement, which was an international communist children's organisation in Central and Eastern Europe and still exists in some Communist countries. The Czech Pionýr is now associated to the International Falcon Movement - Socialist Education International, the movement works towards social democracy education for children around the world. The term "Pionýr" expresses an idea of modern pioneering; the idea of searching and longing for socialist learning. Pioneer is internationally understood as a man - discoverer of new ways, directions and a herald of progressive ideas. Pionýr aims to fully comply with the meaning of this term. In 2007, the organization decided to change its logo to a new ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Junák
Junák – český skaut (''Junák – Czech Scouting''), is the internationally recognized organization of Scouts and Guides of the Czech Republic. Founded in 1911, Junák – český skaut is the largest organisation of children and youth in the nation, with a membership of 73,315 (as of 2022). History A voluntary, non-political civic organization, without restriction to membership, Junák was founded in 1911 by Antonín Benjamin Svojsík, who, after visiting British Scouts, wanted to establish a similar movement in his homeland. In 1910, inspired by the writings of Baden-Powell, Svojsík wrote ''Základy junáctví'' ("The Foundations of Scouting"), the first handbook for Scouts already operating in the Czech lands. In that book, he combined Baden-Powell's system of education; ideas of the American writer, traveller and painter Ernest Thompson Seton (founder of Woodcraft); and the traditions of the Czech nation. He followed this with an experimental camp in 1912. The partic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pionýr (democratic Czech Republic)
Pionýr may refer to: * Pionýr (Socialist Czechoslovakia), a youth Marxist–Leninist organization in communist Czechoslovakia *Pionýr (Czech Republic) Pionýr (- Czech, in English ''Pioneer'') is a Czech-based voluntary, independent and nonpolitical movement of children, youth and adult people. It focuses on non-formal, educational activities and is organised during leisure time. Pionýr parti ..., a Czech-based voluntary, youth organization partially based on the Pioneer movement See also * Pioneer movement * Pioneer (other) {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Velvet Revolution
The Velvet Revolution ( cs, Sametová revoluce) or Gentle Revolution ( sk, Nežná revolúcia) was a non-violent transition of power in what was then Czechoslovakia, occurring from 17 November to 28 November 1989. Popular demonstrations against the one-party government of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia included students and older dissidents. The result was the end of 41 years of one-party rule in Czechoslovakia, and the subsequent dismantling of the command economy and conversion to a parliamentary republic. On 17 November 1989 (International Students' Day), riot police suppressed a student demonstration in Prague. The event marked the 50th anniversary of a violently suppressed demonstration against the Nazi storming of Prague University in 1939 where 1,200 students were arrested and 9 killed (see Origin of International Students' Day). The 1989 event sparked a series of demonstrations from 17 November to late December and turned into an anti-communist demonstration. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Klement Gottwald
Klement Gottwald (; 23 November 1896 – 14 March 1953) was a Czech communist politician, who was the leader of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia from 1929 until his death in 1953–titled as general secretary until 1945 and as chairman from 1945 to 1953. He was the first leader of Communist Czechoslovakia from 1948 to 1953. He was the 14th prime minister of Czechoslovakia from July 1946 until June 1948, the first Communist to hold the post. In June 1948, he was elected as Czechoslovakia's first Communist president, four months after the 1948 coup d'état in which his party seized power with the backing of the Soviet Union. He held the post until his death. Early life Childhood and youth Klement Gottwald was born either in Heroltice or Dědice (part of Vyškov) as the illegitimate son of a poor peasantwoman. The exact place of his birth remains unknown. Before World War I he was trained in Vienna as a carpenter but also actively participated in the activities of the So ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pionýr Uniform
{{disambiguation ...
Pionýr may refer to: * Pionýr (Socialist Czechoslovakia), a youth Marxist–Leninist organization in communist Czechoslovakia *Pionýr (Czech Republic), a Czech-based voluntary, youth organization partially based on the Pioneer movement See also * Pioneer movement * Pioneer (other) Pioneer commonly refers to a settler who migrates to previously uninhabited or sparsely inhabited land. In the United States pioneer commonly refers to an American pioneer, a person in American history who migrated west to join in settling and dev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Perestroika
''Perestroika'' (; russian: links=no, перестройка, p=pʲɪrʲɪˈstrojkə, a=ru-perestroika.ogg) was a political movement for reform within the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) during the late 1980s widely associated with CPSU general secretary Mikhail Gorbachev and his glasnost (meaning "openness") policy reform. The literal meaning of perestroika is "reconstruction", referring to the restructuring of the Soviet political and economic system, in an attempt to end the Era of Stagnation. Perestroika allowed more independent actions from various ministries and introduced many market-like reforms. The alleged goal of perestroika, however, was not to end the command economy but rather to make socialism work more efficiently to better meet the needs of Soviet citizens by adopting elements of liberal economics. The process of implementing perestroika added to existing shortages, and created political, social, and economic tensions within the Soviet Union. Fu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pavlik Morozov
Pavel Trofimovich Morozov (russian: link=no, Па́вел Трофи́мович Моро́зов; 14 November 1918 – 3 September 1932), better known by the diminutive Pavlik, was a Soviet youth praised by the Soviet press as a martyr. Evidence has emerged since the dissolution of the Soviet Union of the fabrication of the Pavlik Morozov legend, as well as what Soviet officials thought of him. His story, dated to 1932, is that of a 13-year-old boy who denounced his father to the authorities and was in turn killed by his family. His story was a subject of reading, songs, plays, a symphonic poem, a full-length opera, and six biographies. His politicized and mythologized story was used to encourage Soviet Bloc children to also inform on their parents.Orlando Figes ''The Whisperers: Private Life in Stalin's Russia'', 2007, , pages 122–126. Morozov's story was the basis of ''Bezhin Meadow'', an unreleased film from 1937 that was directed by Sergei Eisenstein, as well as the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
.jpg "Click for more on -> Klement Gottwald")
