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Pedro De Ayala
Don Pedro de Ayala also Pedro López Ayala (died 31 January 1513) was a 16th-century Spanish diplomat employed by Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile at the courts of James IV of Scotland and Henry VII of England. His mission to Scotland was concerned with the King's marriage and the international crisis caused by the pretender Perkin Warbeck. In his later career he supported Catherine of Aragon in England but was involved in a decade of rivalry with the resident Spanish ambassador in London. Ayala was a Papal prothonotary, Archdeacon of London, and Bishop of the Canary Islands. Sources in English reveal little of Ayala's background, however he was from the noble family of the Counts of Fuensalida in Toledo. He was the son of Pedro Lopez de Ayala, Commendator of Mora and Treze, and Doña Leonor de Ayala. His contemporary, the historian Polydore Vergil, who may have known him in England, remarks that he was clever, but no scholar. Mission to Portugal In November 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a prominent role in the history and development of Western civilization.O'Collins, p. v (preface). The church consists of 24 ''sui iuris'' churches, including the Latin Church and 23 Eastern Catholic Churches, which comprise almost 3,500 dioceses and eparchies located around the world. The pope, who is the bishop of Rome, is the chief pastor of the church. The bishopric of Rome, known as the Holy See, is the central governing authority of the church. The administrative body of the Holy See, the Roman Curia, has its principal offices in Vatican City, a small enclave of the Italian city of Rome, of which the pope is head of state. The core beliefs of Catholicism are found in the Nicene Creed. The Catholic Church teaches that it is the on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christopher Columbus
Christopher Columbus * lij, Cristoffa C(or)ombo * es, link=no, Cristóbal Colón * pt, Cristóvão Colombo * ca, Cristòfor (or ) * la, Christophorus Columbus. (; born between 25 August and 31 October 1451, died 20 May 1506) was an Italian explorer and navigator who completed Voyages of Christopher Columbus, four voyages across the Atlantic Ocean sponsored by the Catholic Monarchs of Spain, opening the way for the widespread European Age of Discovery, exploration and colonization of the Americas. His expeditions were the first known European contact with the Caribbean, Central America, and South America. The name ''Christopher Columbus'' is the anglicisation of the Latin . Scholars generally agree that Columbus was born in the Republic of Genoa and spoke a dialect of Ligurian (Romance language), Ligurian as his first language. He went to sea at a young age and travelled widely, as far north as the British Isles and as far south as what is now Ghana. He married Port ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Exchequer Rolls Of Scotland
The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland (Latin:) are records of the Scottish Exchequer dating from 1326 to 1708. The accounts were the responsibility of the Comptroller of Scotland. The National Records of Scotland National Records of Scotland ( gd, Clàran Nàiseanta na h-Alba) is a non-ministerial department of the Scottish Government. It is responsible for Civil registry, civil registration, the census in Scotland, demography and statistics, family histor ... also has corresponding precepts and receipts for some comptrollery accounts, known as "vouchers". Publication The rolls up to the year 1600 were published in book form in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, with a new numbering scheme.The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, 1326-1600, 23 vols. (1878-1908) ''The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, 1326-1600'', 23 vols. (1878-1908) * (1884) Vol VII A.D. 1468-1469 See also * Pipe Rolls References External links National Records of Scotland: Guide to the Exchequer RecordsGeorg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South Bridge, Edinburgh
South Bridge is a road bridge and street in Edinburgh, Scotland, between the High Street and Chambers Street/Infirmary Street. It extends to North Bridge at the north and Nicolson Street at the south, forming a level roadway over the steep valley scoured parallel to the High Street when the crag and tail landscape was formed. The Cowgate roadway along the bottom of the valley runs under the largest arch of the bridge. The South Bridge Act 1785 was passed in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom on 21 April 1785 and in 1789 taxes were raised to fund the South Bridge to a plan prepared by Robert Adam. The bridge was completed in 1788. It is constructed of nineteen arches, but is almost entirely enclosed by buildings on both sides, exposing only the largest arch where the street crosses the Cowgate. Below deck level are many buildings and vaults, the latter are now something of a tourist attraction. Most of the buildings on the deck level have separate entrances (and some ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arthur, Prince Of Wales
Arthur, Prince of Wales (19/20 September 1486 – 2 April 1502), was the eldest son of King Henry VII of England and Elizabeth of York. He was Duke of Cornwall from birth, and he was created Prince of Wales and Earl of Chester in 1489. As the heir apparent of his father, Arthur was viewed by contemporaries as the great hope of the newly established House of Tudor. His mother, Elizabeth, was the daughter of Edward IV, and his birth cemented the union between the House of Lancaster and the House of York. Plans for Arthur's marriage began before his third birthday; he was installed as Prince of Wales two years later. At the age of eleven, he was formally betrothed to Catherine of Aragon, a daughter of the powerful Catholic Monarchs in Spain, in an effort to forge an Anglo-Spanish alliance against France. Arthur was well educated and was in good health for the majority of his life. Soon after his marriage to Catherine in 1501, the couple took up residence at Ludlow Castle in S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treaty Of Medina Del Campo (1489)
The Treaty of Medina del Campo was an agreement developed on March 26, 1489 between England and the nascent Spain. Its provisions accomplished three goals: the establishment of a common policy for the two countries regarding France, the reduction of tariffs between the two countries, and, most centrally, the arrangement of a marriage contract between Arthur Tudor, eldest son of Henry VII of England, and Catherine of Aragon, daughter of Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon. The treaty was signed on March 27 by Spanish sovereigns, but its ratification by Henry did not occur until September 1490 by the Treaty of Woking. Clauses The treaty was made up of twenty-six clauses. The first sixteen dealt with military, economic, and political relations between England and Spain. The seventeenth clause consisted on the marriage between Catherine and Arthur, while the following ten clauses covered the financial settlement, succession, and Catherine's journey arrangements to Engla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rodrigo González De La Puebla
Dr Rodrigo González or Gonzalvo de la Puebla (c. 1450 – April 1509) was a 15th century Spanish lawyer and diplomat, best known for his work as Spanish ambassador to England. He spent a total of eighteen years in England (1487–1492 and 1495–1508) and so he, Gonzalo de Beteta and Gonzalo Fernández de Heredia (both ambassadors to the papal court) are held to have been newly-unified Spain's first permanent ambassadors. Life Early life and first embassy Thought to have been from a modest artisan family and possible a converso, he was born in Toledo to Juan González de la Puebla. He studied law and received a doctorate in both civil and religious law. He gained renown as an accommodating, versatile, parsimonious and methodical lawyer, enabling him to become mayor and then magistrate of Écija, then counsellor of Castile and finally ambassador to England in 1487. His main role on arrival in London was to negotiate Catherine of Aragon's marriage to Arthur, Prince of Wales, the S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Northern Goshawk
The northern goshawk (; ''Accipiter gentilis'') is a species of medium-large bird of prey, raptor in the Family (biology), family Accipitridae, a family which also includes other extant diurnal raptors, such as eagles, buzzards and harrier (bird), harriers. As a species in the genus ''Accipiter'', the goshawk is often considered a "true hawk". The scientific name is Latin; ''Accipiter'' is "hawk", from ''accipere'', "to grasp", and ''gentilis'' is "noble" or "gentle" because in the Middle Ages only the nobility were permitted to fly goshawks for falconry. This species was first described by Carl Linnaeus, Linnaeus in his ''Systema naturae'' in 10th edition of Systema Naturae, 1758 as ''Falco gentilis''. It is a widespread species that inhabits many of the temperate parts of the Northern Hemisphere. The northern goshawk is the only species in the genus ''Accipiter'' found in both Eurasia and North America. It may have the second widest distribution of any true member of the family ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lady Catherine Gordon
Lady Catherine Gordon (–October 1537) was a Scottish noblewoman and the wife of Yorkist pretender Perkin Warbeck, who claimed he was Richard of Shrewsbury, Duke of York. After her imprisonment by King Henry VII of England, she became a favoured lady-in-waiting of his wife, Elizabeth of York. She had a total of four husbands, but there are no records of any surviving children. Family Lady Catherine was born in Scotland, the daughter of George Gordon, 2nd Earl of Huntly, by his third wife, Lady Elizabeth Hay.''The Scots Peerage, Founded on Wood's Edition of Sir Robert Douglas's Peerage of Scotland'', ed. James Balfour Paul, Vol. IV (Edinburgh: David Douglas, 1907), pp. 530-1 Some 19th-century writers had assumed she was a daughter of James I of Scotland, King James I's daughter Annabella of Scotland, Annabella, who had been the Earl of Huntly's first wife.Her mother was apparently not Annabella as some accounts have stated, as the Earl of Huntly divorced Annabella in 1471. Cath ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treasurer Of Scotland
The Treasurer was a senior post in the pre-Act of Union 1707, Union government of Scotland, the Privy Council of Scotland. Lord Treasurer The full title of the post was ''Lord High Treasurer, Comptroller, Collector-General and Treasurer of the New Augmentation'', formed as it was from the amalgamation of four earlier offices. Of these, the Treasurer and Comptroller of Scotland, Comptroller had originated in 1425 when the The Great Chamberlain, Chamberlain's financial functions were transferred to them. From 1466 the Comptroller had sole responsibility for financing the royal household to which certain revenues (the property) were appropriated, with the Treasurer being responsible for the remaining revenue (the casualty) and other expenditure. The Collector-General, created in 1562, handled the Crown's revenue from the thirds of benefices, and the Treasurer of the New Augmentation was responsible for the former church lands annexed to the Crown in 1587. From 1581 Elizabeth I of En ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Royal Mile
The Royal Mile () is a succession of streets forming the main thoroughfare of the Old Town of the city of Edinburgh in Scotland. The term was first used descriptively in W. M. Gilbert's ''Edinburgh in the Nineteenth Century'' (1901), describing the city "with its Castle and Palace and the royal mile between", and was further popularised as the title of a guidebook by R. T. Skinner published in 1920, "''The Royal Mile (Edinburgh) Castle to Holyrood(house)''". The Royal Mile runs between two significant locations in the royal history of Scotland: Edinburgh Castle and Holyrood Palace. The name derives from it being the traditional processional route of monarchs, with a total length of approximately one Scots mile, a now obsolete measurement measuring 1.81km. The streets which make up the Royal Mile are (west to east) Castlehill, the Lawnmarket, the High Street, the Canongate and Abbey Strand. The Royal Mile is the busiest tourist street in the Old Town, rivalled only ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Snawdoun Herald
Snawdoun Herald of Arms in Ordinary is a current Scottish herald of arms in Ordinary of the Court of the Lord Lyon. The office was first mentioned in 1443 and the title is derived from a part of Stirling Castle which bore the same name. The previous Snawdoun Herald of Arms to serve retired in 1883. The office was last held by Elizabeth A. Roads, former Lyon Clerk and Keeper of the Records for the Court of the Lord Lyon in Edinburgh. She was appointed to this post on the 17 December 2010, and retired in 2021. The badge of office is ''Issuant from battlements Proper a unicorn’s head erased Argent, horned and crined and grasping in his mouth the sword Excalibur Or all ensigned of the Crown of Scotland Proper.'' The granting of this badge completed the devising of badges for all the ordinary and regularly used extraordinary officer of arms titles. Holders of the office See also *Officer of Arms *Herald * Court of the Lord Lyon *Heraldry Society of Scotland The Heraldry S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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