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Protection Of Plant Varieties And Farmers' Rights Act Of 2001
The Protection of Plant Variety and Farmers Right Act, 2001 (PPVFR Act) is an Act of the Parliament of India that was enacted to provide for the establishment of an effective system for the protection of plant varieties, the rights of farmers and plant breeders, and to encourage the development and cultivation of new varieties of plants. This act received the assent of the President of India The president of India (ISO 15919, ISO: ) is the head of state of the Republic of India. The president is the nominal head of the executive, the first citizen of the country, and the commander-in-chief, supreme commander of the Indian Armed ... on the 30 October 2001. The PPV&FR Act, 2001 was enacted to grant intellectual property rights to plant breeders, researchers and farmers who develop any new or extant plant varieties. The intellectual property right granted under PPV & FR Act, 2001 is a dual right – one is for the variety and the other is for the denomination assigned ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parliament Of India
The Parliament of India (ISO 15919, ISO: ) is the supreme legislative body of the Government of India, Government of the Republic of India. It is a bicameralism, bicameral legislature composed of the Rajya Sabha (Council of States) and the Lok Sabha (House of the People). The president of India, President of the Republic of India, in their role as head of the legislature, has full powers to summon and prorogue either house of Parliament or to dissolve the Lok Sabha, but they can exercise these powers only upon the advice of the prime minister of India, Prime Minister of the Republic of India and the Union Council of Ministers. Those elected or nominated (by the president) to either house of the Parliament are referred to as member of Parliament (India), members of Parliament (MPs). The member of Parliament, Lok Sabha, members of parliament in the Lok Sabha are direct election, directly elected by the voting of Indian citizens in single-member districts and the member of Parliame ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2001 In The Environment
This is a list of notable events relating to the environment in 2001. They relate to environmental law, conservation, environmentalism and environmental issues. Events *The IPCC Third Assessment Report is released. * ACCOBAMS, the Agreement on the Conservation of Cetaceans in the Black Sea, Mediterranean Sea and contiguous Atlantic area, comes into force. It is a cooperative tool for the conservation of marine biodiversity in the Mediterranean and Black Seas. *'' The Skeptical Environmentalist: Measuring the Real State of the World'', a controversial book by Bjørn Lomborg, is published in the English language. In the book Lomborg claims that various environmental issues are not supported by data. *Campbell Island, New Zealand is declared rat free, nearly 200 years after their introduction. January *The MV ''Jessica'' oil spill occurred off the coast of the Galápagos Islands. May *The Jinkanpo Atsugi Incinerator is purchased by the Japanese government and shut down. Thro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plant Breeding
Plant breeding is the science of changing the traits of plants in order to produce desired characteristics. It is used to improve the quality of plant products for use by humans and animals. The goals of plant breeding are to produce crop varieties that boast unique and superior traits for a variety of applications. The most frequently addressed agricultural traits are those related to biotic and abiotic stress tolerance, grain or biomass yield, end-use quality characteristics such as taste or the concentrations of specific biological molecules (proteins, sugars, lipids, vitamins, fibers) and ease of processing (harvesting, milling, baking, malting, blending, etc.). Plant breeding can be performed using many different techniques, ranging from the selection of the most desirable plants for propagation, to methods that make use of knowledge of genetics and chromosomes, to more complex molecular techniques. Genes in a plant are what determine what type of qualitative or quantitativ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acts Of The Parliament Of India 2001
The Acts of the Apostles (, ''Práxeis Apostólōn''; ) is the fifth book of the New Testament; it tells of the founding of the Christian Church and the spread of its message to the Roman Empire. Acts and the Gospel of Luke make up a two-part work, Luke–Acts, by the same anonymous author. Traditionally, the author is believed to be Luke the Evangelist, a doctor who travelled with Paul the Apostle. It is usually dated to around 80–90 AD, although some scholars suggest 110–120 AD.Tyson, Joseph B., (April 2011)"When and Why Was the Acts of the Apostles Written?" in: The Bible and Interpretation: "...A growing number of scholars prefer a late date for the composition of Acts, i.e., c. 110–120 CE. Three factors support such a date. First, Acts seems to be unknown before the last half of the second century. Second, compelling arguments can be made that the author of Acts was acquainted with some materials written by Josephus, who completed his Antiquities of the Jews in 93� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vajpayee Administration
Atal Bihari Vajpayee (25 December 1924 – 16 August 2018) was an Indian poet, writer and statesman who served as the prime minister of India, first for a term of 13 days in 1996, then for a period of 13 months from 1998 to 1999, followed by a full term from 1999 Indian general election, 1999 to 2004 Indian general election, 2004. He was the first non-Indian National Congress, Congress prime minister to serve a full term in the office. Vajpayee was one of the co-founders and a senior leader of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). He was a member of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), a Far-right politics, far-right Hindutva, Hindu nationalist paramilitary volunteer organisation. He was also a Hindi poetry, Hindi poet and a writer. He was a member of the Parliament of India, Indian Parliament for over five decades, having been elected ten times to the Lok Sabha, the lower house, and twice to the Rajya Sabha, the upper house. He served as the Member of Parl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agriculture In India
The history of agriculture in India dates back to the Neolithic period. India ranks second worldwide in farm outputs. As per the Indian economic survey 2020 -21, agriculture employed more than 50% of the Indian workforce and contributed 20.2% to the country's GDP. In 2016, agriculture and allied sectors like animal husbandry, forestry and fisheries accounted for 17.5% of the GDP (gross domestic product) with about 41.49% of the workforce in 2020. India ranks first in the world with highest net cropped area followed by US and China. The economic contribution of agriculture to India's GDP is steadily declining with the country's broad-based economic growth. Still, agriculture is demographically the broadest economic sector and plays a significant role in the overall socio-economic fabric of India. The total agriculture commodities export was US$3.50 billion in March - June 2020. India exported $38 billion worth of agricultural products in 2013, making it the seventh-largest ag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Environmental Law In India
Indian environmental law concerns the law and Environmental policy of India, policy of India concerning the protection of the Natural environment, environment, measures taken to reverse climate change and achieve a zero carbon economy. Since the sixties concern over the state of environment has grown the world over. There has been substantive decline in environment quality due to increasing pollution, loss of vegetal cover and biological diversity, excessive concentration of harmful chemicals in the ambient atmosphere and in food chains, growing risks of environment accidents and threats to life support systems. The Decision which were taken at united nation conference on the human conference on the Human Environment held in Stockholm in June 1972 were based on the world community's resolve to protect and enhance the environmental concerns. Although several measures had been taken for environmental Protection both before and after the Conference it was found necessary to enact a c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agriculture Legislation
Agriculture encompasses crop and livestock production, aquaculture, and forestry for food and non-food products. Agriculture was a key factor in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that enabled people to live in the cities. While humans started gathering grains at least 105,000 years ago, nascent farmers only began planting them around 11,500 years ago. Sheep, goats, pigs, and cattle were domesticated around 10,000 years ago. Plants were independently cultivated in at least 11 regions of the world. In the 20th century, industrial agriculture based on large-scale monocultures came to dominate agricultural output. , small farms produce about one-third of the world's food, but large farms are prevalent. The largest 1% of farms in the world are greater than and operate more than 70% of the world's farmland. Nearly 40% of agricultural land is found on farms larger than . However, five of every six farms in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biological Diversity Act, 2002
The Biological Diversity Act, 2002 is an Act by the Parliament of India for the preservation of biological diversity in India, and provides the mechanism for equitable sharing of benefits arising out of the use of traditional biological resources and knowledge. The Act was enacted to meet the obligations under the Convention on Biological Diversity, because India is a signatory to the treaty. History The Act was enacted to meet the obligations under Convention on Biological Diversity, of which India was a part in 2002. Biodiversity and Biological Resource Biodiversity has been defined under Section 2(b) of the Act as "the variability among living organisms from all sources and the ecological complexes of which they are part, and includes diversity within species or between species and of eco-systems". The Act also defines, Biological resources as "plants, animals and micro-organisms or parts thereof, their genetic material and by-products (excluding value added products) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Union For The Protection Of New Varieties Of Plants
The International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants or UPOV () is a treaty body (non-United Nations intergovernmental organization) with headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland. Its objective is to provide an effective system for plant variety protection. It does so by defining a blueprint regulation to be implemented by its members in national law. The expression UPOV Convention also refers to one of the three instruments that relate to the union, namely the ''1991 Act of the UPOV Convention'' (UPOV 91), ''1978 Act of the UPOV Convention'' (UPOV 78) and ''1961 Act of the UPOV Convention with Amendments of 1972'' (UPOV 61). History UPOV was established by the International Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV 61). The convention was adopted in Paris in 1961 and revised in 1972, 1978 and 1991. The initiative for the foundation of UPOV came from European breeding companies, who 1956 called for a conference to define basic principles for pl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genetic Resources
Genetic resources are genetic material of actual or potential value, where genetic material means any material of plant, animal, microbial genetics, microbial or other origin containing functional units of heredity. Genetic resources is one of the three levels of biodiversity defined by the Convention on Biological Diversity in Rio, 1992. __NOTOC__ Examples *Animal genetic resources for food and agriculture *Forest genetic resources *Germplasm, genetic resources that are preserved for various purposes such as breeding, preservation, and research *Plant genetic resources *Genetic resources conservation and sustainable use See also *Cryoconservation of animal genetic resources, a strategy to preserve genetic resources cryogenically *Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, the only permanent intergovernmental body that addresses biological diversity for food and agriculture *International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, an internationa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
