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Proechimys Trinitatis
The Trinidad spiny rat (''Proechimys trinitatis'') is a species of rodent in the family Echimyidae. It is found in Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad and Tobago, officially the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, is the southernmost island country in the Caribbean, comprising the main islands of Trinidad and Tobago, along with several List of islands of Trinidad and Tobago, smaller i ... and northern Venezuela. Phylogeny Morphological characters and mitochondrial cytochrome b DNA sequences showed that ''P. trinitatus'' belongs to the so-called ''trinitatus'' group of ''Proechimys'' species, and shares closer phylogenetic affinities with the other members of this clade: '' P. mincae'', '' P. guairae'', '' P. poliopus'', '' P. magdalenae'', '' P. chrysaeolus'', '' P. urichi'', and '' P. hoplomyoides''. References Mammals of the Caribbean Mammals of Trinidad and Tobago Proechimys Mammals described in 1893 Taxa named by Joel Asaph Allen Taxonomy articles created by Polbot T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joel Asaph Allen
Joel Asaph Allen (July 19, 1838 – August 29, 1921) was an American zoology, zoologist, mammalogy, mammalogist, and ornithology, ornithologist. He became the first president of the American Ornithologists' Union, the first curator of birds and mammals at the American Museum of Natural History, and the first head of that museum's Department of Ornithology. He is remembered for Allen's rule, which states that the bodies of endotherms (warm-blooded animals) vary in shape with climate, having increased surface area in hot climates to lose heat, and minimized surface area in cold climates, to conserve heat. Early life Allen was born in Springfield, Massachusetts, the son of Joel Allen and Harriet Trumbull. He studied and collected specimen of natural history early in life, but he was forced to sell his relatively large collection so that he could attend the Wilbraham & Monson Academy in 1861. The following year, he transferred to Harvard University, where he studied under Louis Agassi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proechimys Urichi
The Sucre spiny-rat (''Proechimys urichi'') is a species of rodent in the family Echimyidae. It is endemic to Venezuela Venezuela, officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many Federal Dependencies of Venezuela, islands and islets in the Caribbean Sea. It com .... Phylogeny Morphological characters and mitochondrial cytochrome b DNA sequences showed that ''P. urichi'' belongs to the so-called ''trinitatus'' group of ''Proechimys'' species, and shares closer phylogenetic affinities with the other members of this clade: '' P. trinitatus'', '' P. mincae'', '' P. guairae'', '' P. poliopus'', '' P. magdalenae'', '' P. chrysaeolus'', and '' P. hoplomyoides''. References Mammals of Venezuela Endemic fauna of Venezuela Proechimys Mammals described in 1899 Taxa named by Joel Asaph Allen Taxonomy articles created by Polbot Taxobox binomials not recognized by IUCN [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taxa Named By Joel Asaph Allen
In biology, a taxon (back-formation from ''taxonomy''; : taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular name and given a particular ranking, especially if and when it is accepted or becomes established. It is very common, however, for taxonomists to remain at odds over what belongs to a taxon and the criteria used for inclusion, especially in the context of rank-based (" Linnaean") nomenclature (much less so under phylogenetic nomenclature). If a taxon is given a formal scientific name, its use is then governed by one of the nomenclature codes specifying which scientific name is correct for a particular grouping. Initial attempts at classifying and ordering organisms (plants and animals) were presumably set forth in prehistoric times by hunter-gatherers, as suggested by the fairly sophisticated folk taxonomies. Much later, Aristotle, and later still ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mammals Described In 1893
A mammal () is a vertebrate animal of the class Mammalia (). Mammals are characterised by the presence of milk-producing mammary glands for feeding their young, a broad neocortex region of the brain, fur or hair, and three middle ear bones. These characteristics distinguish them from reptiles and birds, from which their ancestors diverged in the Carboniferous Period over 300 million years ago. Around 6,640 extant species of mammals have been described and divided into 27 orders. The study of mammals is called mammalogy. The largest orders of mammals, by number of species, are the rodents, bats, and eulipotyphlans (including hedgehogs, moles and shrews). The next three are the primates (including humans, monkeys and lemurs), the even-toed ungulates (including pigs, camels, and whales), and the Carnivora (including cats, dogs, and seals). Mammals are the only living members of Synapsida; this clade, together with Sauropsida (reptiles and birds), constitutes the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proechimys
''Proechimys'' is a genus of South American South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a considerably smaller portion in the Northern Hemisphere. It can also be described as the southern Subregion#Americas, subregion o ... spiny rats of the family Echimyidae. All species of the genus are terrestrial. In the lowland Neotropical forests, ''Proechimys'' rodents are often the most abundant non-volant mammals. They are recognizable by reason of their elongated heads and long rostra, large and erect ears, narrow and long hind feet, and tails always shorter than head-and-body lengths. The dorsal pelage comprises a mixture of expanded, varyingly stiffened spines (or aristiforms) — hence the vernacular name of spiny rats — and soft hairs (or setiforms). ''Proechimys'' is the most speciose genus of the rodent family Echimyidae, with 25 species recognized, followed by '' Phyllomys'' with 13 species, and '' Tri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mammals Of Trinidad And Tobago
A mammal () is a vertebrate animal of the Class (biology), class Mammalia (). Mammals are characterised by the presence of milk-producing mammary glands for feeding their young, a broad neocortex region of the brain, fur or hair, and three Evolution of mammalian auditory ossicles, middle ear bones. These characteristics distinguish them from reptiles and birds, from which their ancestors Genetic divergence, diverged in the Carboniferous Period over 300 million years ago. Around 6,640 Neontology#Extant taxon, extant species of mammals have been described and divided into 27 Order (biology), orders. The study of mammals is called mammalogy. The largest orders of mammals, by number of species, are the rodents, bats, and eulipotyphlans (including hedgehogs, Mole (animal), moles and shrews). The next three are the primates (including humans, monkeys and lemurs), the Artiodactyl, even-toed ungulates (including pigs, camels, and whales), and the Carnivora (including Felidae, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mammals Of The Caribbean
A unique and diverse albeit phylogenetically restricted mammal fauna is known from the Caribbean region. The region—specifically, all islands in the Caribbean Sea (except for small islets close to the continental mainland) and the Bahamas, Turks and Caicos Islands, and Barbados, which are not in the Caribbean Sea but biogeography, biogeographically belong to the same Caribbean bioregion—has been home to several family (biology), families found nowhere else, but much of this diversity is now extinct. The bat faunas of much of the Caribbean show similarities that led to the proposal of a distinct Caribbean faunal region, bounded by "Koopman's Line". This region excludes several of the region's islands, including the Grenadines, Grenada, Trinidad, Tobago, and other islands near the American mainland, such as Isla Margarita, Margarita, Isla Escudo de Veraguas, Rosario Islands, Cozumel, and the Florida Keys. The faunas of islands outside Koopman's Line are similar to those of the adj ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MT-CYB
Cytochrome b is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''MT-CYB'' gene. Its gene product is a subunit of the respiratory chain protein ubiquinol–cytochrome ''c'' reductase (UQCR, complex III or cytochrome ''bc''1 complex), which consists of the products of one mitochondrially encoded gene, ''MT-CYB'' (mitochondrial cytochrome b), and ten nuclear genes—'' UQCRC1'', '' UQCRC2'', '' CYC1'', '' UQCRFS1'' ( Rieske protein), '' UQCRB'', "11kDa protein", '' UQCRH'' (cyt c1 Hinge protein), Rieske protein presequence, "cyt c1 associated protein", and Rieske-associated protein. Structure The ''MT-CYB'' gene is located on the p arm of mitochondrial DNA in position 12 and spans 1,140 base pairs. The gene produces a 42.7 kDa protein named cytochrome b composed of 380 amino acids. Cytochrome b is an integral membrane protein with hydrophobic properties. The catalytic core of the enzyme is composed of eight transmembrane helices, the iron-sulfur protein, and cytochrome c1. Cy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proechimys Hoplomyoides
The Guyanan spiny-rat (''Proechimys hoplomyoides'') is a spiny rat species found in Brazil, Guyana and Venezuela. The species was first described by George Henry Hamilton Tate George Henry Hamilton Tate (April 30, 1894 – December 24, 1953) was a British-born American zoologist and botanist, who worked as a mammalogist for the American Museum of Natural History in New York City. In his lifetime he wrote several book ... in 1939. Phylogeny Morphological characters and mitochondrial cytochrome b DNA sequences showed that ''P. hoplomyoides'' belongs to the so-called ''trinitatus'' group of species of ''Proechimys'', and shares closer phylogenetic affinities with the other members of this clade: '' P. trinitatus'', '' P. mincae'', '' P. guairae'', '' P. poliopus'', '' P. magdalenae'', '' P. chrysaeolus'', and '' P. urichi''. References Proechimys Guayana Highlands Rodents of Brazil Mammals of Guyana Mammals of Venezuela Mammals described in 1939 Taxa named by Ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proechimys Chrysaeolus
''Proechimys'' is a genus of South American spiny rats of the family Echimyidae. All species of the genus are Terrestrial animal, terrestrial. In the lowland Neotropical forests, ''Proechimys'' rodents are often the most abundant non-volant mammals. They are recognizable by reason of their elongated heads and long rostra, large and erect ears, narrow and long hind feet, and tails always shorter than head-and-body lengths. The dorsal pelage comprises a mixture of expanded, varyingly stiffened spines (or wikt:aristiform, aristiforms) — hence the vernacular name of spiny rats — and soft hairs (or wikt:setiform, setiforms). ''Proechimys'' is the most speciose genus of the rodent family Echimyidae, with 25 species recognized, followed by ''Phyllomys'' with 13 species, and ''Trinomys'' with 11 species. Phylogeny Genus level The genus ''Proechimys'' is the sister group to the genus ''Hoplomys'' (the armored rat). In turn, these two taxa share evolutionary affinities with other Myoca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frank Chapman (ornithologist)
Frank Michler Chapman (June 12, 1864 – November 15, 1945) was an American ornithologist and pioneering writer of field guides. Biography Chapman was born in the West Englewood section of present-day Teaneck, New Jersey, and attended Englewood Academy. He joined the staff of the American Museum of Natural History in 1888 as assistant to Joel Asaph Allen. In 1901 he was made associate Curator of Mammals and Birds and in 1908 Curator of Birds. Chapman came up with the original idea for the Audubon Christmas Bird Count. He also wrote many ornithological books such as, ''Bird Life'', ''Birds of Eastern North America'', and ''Life in an Air Castle''. Chapman promoted the integration of photography into ornithology, especially in his book ''Bird Studies With a Camera'', in which he discussed the practicability of the photographic blind and in 1901 invented his own more portable version of a blind using an umbrella with a large 'skirt' to conceal the photographer that could be bund ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proechimys Magdalenae
The Magdalena spiny rat (''Proechimys magdalenae'') is a species of rodent in the family Echimyidae. It is endemic to Colombia Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country primarily located in South America with Insular region of Colombia, insular regions in North America. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the north, Venezuel .... Phylogeny Morphological characters and mitochondrial cytochrome b DNA sequences showed that ''P. magdalenae'' belongs to the so-called ''trinitatus'' group of ''Proechimys'' species, and shares closer phylogenetic affinities with the other members of this clade: '' P. trinitatus'', '' P. mincae'', '' P. guairae'', '' P. poliopus'', '' P. chrysaeolus'', '' P. urichi'', and '' P. hoplomyoides''. References Proechimys Endemic fauna of Colombia Mammals of Colombia Mammals described in 1948 Taxa named by Philip Hershkovitz Taxonomy articles created by Polbot Taxobox binomials not recognized by IU ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
