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Procedural Surface
In computer graphics, a procedural surface is a representation of a surface as a mathematical implicit equation, rather than an explicit representation. An explicit representation, for example, describes a line as the straight segment going through two given points. A procedural surface is one which is defined as a procedure. For example, in CAD/Computer-aided manufacturing milling applications, an offset surface is a procedural representation because it is defined as the surface which is a fixed distance from another surface. Another well-known procedural edge on a 3D body is the silhouette edge. This edge is defined as the collection of points on a surface whose outwards surface normal is perpendicular to the view vector. Another example of a procedural surface is a Blob as illustrated in movies like ''The Abyss'' in the scene where the creature made up of water reaches out and touches the character. The surface is defined as a surface which exists when two or more control poin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Computer Graphics
Computer graphics deals with generating images with the aid of computers. Today, computer graphics is a core technology in digital photography, film, video games, cell phone and computer displays, and many specialized applications. A great deal of specialized hardware and software has been developed, with the displays of most devices being driven by graphics hardware, computer graphics hardware. It is a vast and recently developed area of computer science. The phrase was coined in 1960 by computer graphics researchers Verne Hudson and William Fetter of Boeing. It is often abbreviated as CG, or typically in the context of film as Computer-generated imagery, computer generated imagery (CGI). The non-artistic aspects of computer graphics are the subject of Computer graphics (computer science), computer science research. Some topics in computer graphics include user interface design, sprite (graphics), sprite graphics, Rendering (computer graphics), rendering, ray tracing (graphics) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
View Vector
This is a glossary of terms relating to computer graphics. For more general computer hardware terms, see glossary of computer hardware terms. 0–9 A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P Q R S T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johannes Diderik Van Der Waals
Johannes Diderik van der Waals (; 23 November 1837 – 8 March 1923) was a Dutch theoretical physicist and thermodynamicist famous for his pioneering work on the equation of state for gases and liquids. Van der Waals started his career as a school teacher. He became the first physics professor of the University of Amsterdam when in 1877 the old Athenaeum was upgraded to Municipal University. Van der Waals won the 1910 Nobel Prize in physics for his work on the equation of state for gases and liquids. His name is primarily associated with the Van der Waals equation of state that describes the behavior of gases and their condensation to the liquid phase. His name is also associated with Van der Waals forces (forces between stable molecules), with Van der Waals molecules (small molecular clusters bound by Van der Waals forces), and with Van der Waals radii (sizes of molecules). As James Clerk Maxwell said, "there can be no doubt that the name of Van der Waals will soon be amo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Structural Chemist
A structure is an arrangement and organization of interrelated elements in a material object or system, or the object or system so organized. Material structures include man-made objects such as buildings and machines and natural objects such as biological organisms, minerals and chemicals. Abstract structures include data structures in computer science and musical form. Types of structure include a hierarchy (a cascade of one-to-many relationships), a network featuring many-to-many links, or a lattice featuring connections between components that are neighbors in space. Load-bearing Buildings, aircraft, skeletons, anthills, beaver dams, bridges and salt domes are all examples of load-bearing structures. The results of construction are divided into buildings and non-building structures, and make up the infrastructure of a human society. Built structures are broadly divided by their varying design approaches and standards, into categories including building structures, ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Contribution Potential , former web-editing software
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Contribution or Contribute may refer to: * ''Contribution'' (album), by Mica Paris (1990) ** "Contribution" (song), title song from the album *Contribution (law), an agreement between defendants in a suit to apportion liability *Contributions, a vital goal of fundraising *''Contribution'', a 1976 album by Shawn Phillips *Contribution margin, the selling price per unit minus the variable cost per unit See also *Adobe Contribute Adobe Contribute (formerly Macromedia Contribute) is a discontinued specialized HTML editor. As its name implies, it is intended to contribute content to existing websites, including blogs. It includes plug-ins for Internet Explorer and Firefox t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Control Point (mathematics)
In computer-aided geometric design a control point is a member of a set of points used to determine the shape of a spline curve or, more generally, a surface or higher-dimensional object. For Bézier curves, it has become customary to refer to the -vectors in a parametric representation \sum_i \mathbf p_i \phi_i of a curve or surface in -space as control points, while the scalar-valued functions , defined over the relevant parameter domain, are the corresponding ''weight'' or '' blending functions''. Some would reasonably insist, in order to give intuitive geometric meaning to the word "control", that the blending functions form a partition of unity, i.e., that the are nonnegative and sum to one. This property implies that the curve lies within the convex hull of its control points.. This is the case for Bézier's representation of a polynomial curve as well as for the B-spline In the mathematical subfield of numerical analysis, a B-spline or basis spline is a spline ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Abyss
''The Abyss'' is a 1989 American science fiction film written and directed by James Cameron and starring Ed Harris, Mary Elizabeth Mastrantonio, and Michael Biehn. When an American submarine sinks in the Caribbean, a US search and recovery team works with an oil platform crew, racing against Soviet vessels to recover the boat. Deep in the ocean, they encounter something unexpected. The film was released on August 9, 1989, receiving generally positive reviews and grossed $89.8 million. It won the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects and was nominated for three more Academy Awards. Plot In January 1994, the U.S. USS ''Montana'' has an encounter with an unidentified submerged object and sinks near the Cayman Trough. With Soviet ships moving in to try to salvage the sub and a hurricane moving over the area, the U.S. government sends a SEAL team to ''Deep Core'', a privately owned experimental underwater drilling platform near the Cayman Trough to use as a base of operations. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Metaballs
In computer graphics, metaballs are organic-looking ''n''-dimensional isosurfaces, characterised by their ability to meld together when in close proximity to create single, contiguous objects. In solid modelling, polygon meshes are commonly used. In certain instances, however, metaballs are superior. A metaball's "blobby" appearance makes them versatile tools, often used to model organic objects and also to create base meshes for sculpting. The technique for rendering metaballs was invented by Jim Blinn in the early 1980s to model atom interactions for Carl Sagan's 1980 TV series ''Cosmos''. It is also referred to colloquially as the "jelly effect" in the motion and UX design community, commonly appearing in UI elements such as navigations and buttons. Metaball behavior corresponds to mitosis in cell biology, where chromosomes generate identical copies of itself through cell division. Definition Each metaball is defined as a function in '' n'' dimensions (e.g., for three ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Surface Normal
In geometry, a normal is an object such as a line, ray, or vector that is perpendicular to a given object. For example, the normal line to a plane curve at a given point is the (infinite) line perpendicular to the tangent line to the curve at the point. A normal vector may have length one (a unit vector) or its length may represent the curvature of the object (a '' curvature vector''); its algebraic sign may indicate sides (interior or exterior). In three dimensions, a surface normal, or simply normal, to a surface at point P is a vector perpendicular to the tangent plane of the surface at P. The word "normal" is also used as an adjective: a line ''normal'' to a plane, the ''normal'' component of a force, the normal vector, etc. The concept of normality generalizes to orthogonality ( right angles). The concept has been generalized to differentiable manifolds of arbitrary dimension embedded in a Euclidean space. The normal vector space or normal space of a manifold a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Surface (topology)
In the part of mathematics referred to as topology, a surface is a two-dimensional manifold. Some surfaces arise as the boundaries of three-dimensional solids; for example, the sphere is the boundary of the solid ball. Other surfaces arise as graphs of functions of two variables; see the figure at right. However, surfaces can also be defined abstractly, without reference to any ambient space. For example, the Klein bottle is a surface that cannot be embedded in three-dimensional Euclidean space. Topological surfaces are sometimes equipped with additional information, such as a Riemannian metric or a complex structure, that connects them to other disciplines within mathematics, such as differential geometry and complex analysis. The various mathematical notions of surface can be used to model surfaces in the physical world. In general In mathematics, a surface is a geometrical shape that resembles a deformed plane. The most familiar examples arise as boundaries of sol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Silhouette Edge
In computer graphics, a silhouette edge on a 3D body projected onto a 2D plane (display plane) is the collection of points whose outwards ''surface normal is perpendicular to the view vector''. Due to discontinuities in the surface normal, a silhouette edge is also an edge which separates a front facing face from a back facing face. Without loss of generality, this edge is usually chosen to be the closest one on a face, so that in parallel view this edge corresponds to the same one in a perspective view. Hence, if there is an edge between a front facing face and a side facing face, and another edge between a side facing face and back facing face, the closer one is chosen. The easy example is looking at a cube in the direction where the face normal is collinear with the view vector. The first type of silhouette edge is sometimes troublesome to handle because it does not necessarily correspond to a physical edge in the CAD model. The reason that this can be an issue is that a prog ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Offset Surface
A parallel of a curve is the envelope of a family of congruent circles centered on the curve. It generalises the concept of '' parallel (straight) lines''. It can also be defined as a curve whose points are at a constant '' normal distance'' from a given curve. These two definitions are not entirely equivalent as the latter assumes smoothness, whereas the former does not. In computer-aided design the preferred term for a parallel curve is offset curve. (In other geometric contexts, the term offset can also refer to translation.) Offset curves are important for example in numerically controlled machining, where they describe for example the shape of the cut made by a round cutting tool of a two-axis machine. The shape of the cut is offset from the trajectory of the cutter by a constant distance in the direction normal to the cutter trajectory at every point. In the area of 2D computer graphics known as vector graphics, the (approximate) computation of parallel curves is i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
