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Powązki Cemetery
Powązki Cemetery (; ), also known as Stare Powązki (), is a historic necropolis located in Wola district, in the western part of Warsaw, Poland. It is the most famous cemetery in the city and one of the oldest, having been established in 1790. It is the burial place of many illustrious individuals from Polish history. Some are interred along the "Avenue of the Distinguished" – ''Aleja Zasłużonych'', created in 1925. It is estimated that over one million people are buried at Powązki. The cemetery is often confused with the newer Powązki Military Cemetery, which is located to the north-west of Powązki Cemetery. History Powązki Cemetery was established on 4 November 1790 on land donated by nobleman Melchior Szymanowski, and consecrated on 20 May 1792. Initially it covered an area of only about 2.5 ha. In the same year Saint Karol Boromeusz Church, designed by Dominik Merlini, was built on the northern edge of the cemetery. The catacombs were erected soon therea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Warsaw
Warsaw, officially the Capital City of Warsaw, is the capital and List of cities and towns in Poland, largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the Vistula, River Vistula in east-central Poland. Its population is officially estimated at 1.86 million residents within a Warsaw metropolitan area, greater metropolitan area of 3.27 million residents, which makes Warsaw the List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits, 6th most-populous city in the European Union. The city area measures and comprises List of districts and neighbourhoods of Warsaw, 18 districts, while the metropolitan area covers . Warsaw is classified as an Globalization and World Cities Research Network#Alpha 2, alpha global city, a major political, economic and cultural hub, and the country's seat of government. It is also the capital of the Masovian Voivodeship. Warsaw traces its origins to a small fishing town in Masovia. The city rose to prominence in the late 16th cent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protestantism
Protestantism is a branch of Christianity that emphasizes Justification (theology), justification of sinners Sola fide, through faith alone, the teaching that Salvation in Christianity, salvation comes by unmerited Grace in Christianity, divine grace, the priesthood of all believers, and the Bible as the sole infallible source of authority for Christian faith and practice. The five solae, five ''solae'' summarize the basic theological beliefs of mainstream Protestantism. Protestants follow the theological tenets of the Reformation, Protestant Reformation, a movement that began in the 16th century with the goal of reforming the Catholic Church from perceived Criticism of the Catholic Church, errors, abuses, and discrepancies. The Reformation began in the Holy Roman Empire in 1517, when Martin Luther published his ''Ninety-five Theses'' as a reaction against abuses in the sale of indulgences by the Catholic Church, which purported to offer the remission of the Purgatory, temporal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Halina Chrostowska
Halina Chrostowska (25 July 1929 – 22 April 1990), also known as Halina Chrostowska-Piotrowicz, was a Polish visual artist, graphic artist, printmaker, activist, educator, and illustrator. Biography Halina Chrostowska was born on 25 July 1929 in Warsaw, Second Polish Republic (now Poland). She was the daughter of noted artist, Stanisław Ostoja-Chrostowski. Chrostowska studied painting and printmaking at the Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw (1946 to 1950) under . After graduation she taught at the Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw's faculty of graphic arts from 1950 to 1989. She found a printmaking studio in Warsaw in 1962, which remained open until 1989. Her early work was within the social realism movement, followed by a move towards more formal and technical work. She would combined various printing techniques, such as etchings combined with linocuts and woodcuts. Starting in 1968, she created colored prints, gradually blurring the boundaries between printmaking and painting. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tekla Justyna Chopin
Justyna Krzyżanowska (; c. 14 September 17821 October 1861) was a Polish nanny, amateur musician, and pianist who became the first music teacher of her son, the pianist and composer Frédéric Chopin. She later ran a boarding house for students who attended the Warsaw Lyceum. Early life Tekla Justyna Krzyżanowska was christened on 14 September 1782 in the parish church of Izbica Kujawska, in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, to Antonina (née) Kołomińska and . According to author , more than likely she was born a few days prior to her christening on the Skarbek family estate in Długie. Her father had previously been the administrator of the Skarbek estate in Izbica, but, at the time his daughter was born, he was a lessee on their Długie estate. Both of her parents were from the noble class, and she had two older siblings. Little is known of her early life, but in 1800 the Skarbek estate was sold, and the owners moved to Żelazowa Wola in the Duchy of Warsaw. Krzyżanowsk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikołaj Chopin
Nicolas Chopin (; 15 April 17713 May 1844) was a teacher of the French language in History of Poland (1795–1918), Partitioned Poland, and father of Polish composer Frédéric Chopin#Childhood, Frédéric Chopin.Łopaciński, "Chopin, Mikołaj", p. 426. Life Nicolas Chopin was born in the village of Marainville-sur-Madon (Vosges (department), Vosges department), in the province of Lorraine (region), Lorraine, France. He was the son of François Chopin (9 November 1738, Ambacourt – 31 January 1814, Marainville), a wheelwright and village administrator for Marainville, and Marguerite, ''née'' Deflin (1 February 1736, Diarville – 21 August 1794, Marainville), an educator respected by her colleagues and students. François and Marguerite were married on 17 January 1769.Wróblewska-Straus, Hanna. "Nicolas Chopin". ''Korespondencja Fryderyka Chopina'', Vol. I, p. 571. Nicolas had four sisters, only two of whom survived to adulthood: Anne (b. 23 November 1769, Marainville), who ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ludwika Jędrzejewicz
Ludwika Jędrzejewicz (; Chopin; 6 April 1807 – 29 October 1855) was the elder sister of Polish people, Polish composer Frédéric Chopin. She was born in Warsaw, Poland, in 1807, the daughter of Nicolas Chopin and his wife Justyna. She was named after her godmother, Countess Ludwika Skarbek, after her parents had taken refuge with the Skarbeks from the unrest in Żelazowa Wola.#AW18, Walker (2018), p. 36. Life From a young age Ludwika showed talent for music and literature, and taught her brother Frédéric (born 1810) Polish and French. Like her brother, she studied music with Wojciech Żywny. In 1825 Frédéric wrote his friend and schoolmate Jan Białobłocki: "Ludwika has composed a perfect mazurka, mazurek, of a kind that Warsaw has not yet danced to." Ludwika on many occasions worked closely with her younger sister Justyna Izabela. Both were members of the Polish Ladies Benevolent Society, a group formed to support those who were impoverished by tsarist repression. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jan Gotlib Bloch
Jan Gotlib "Bogumił" Bloch ( or Блох; July 24, 1836 – January 7, 1902) was a Polish banker and railway financier who devoted his private life to the study of modern industrial warfare. Born Jewish and a convert to Calvinism, he spent considerable effort to opposing the prevalent antisemitic policies of the Tsarist government in Congress Poland, and was sympathetic to the fledgling Zionist movement. Bloch had studied at the University of Berlin, worked at a Warsaw bank and then moved to St. Petersburg, capital of the Russian Empire (which governed much of the Polish lands at the time). There, he took part in the development of the Russian Railways, both in financing the construction of new railways and in writing research papers on the subject. He founded several banking, credit and insurance companies. In 1877, he was appointed a member of the Russian Finance Ministry's Scientific Committee. Bloch was married to Emilia Julia Kronenberg H. Koroniec (1845–1921), the gran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stefan Bryła
Stefan Władysław Bryła (Polish pronunciation: ; born 17 August 1886 in Kraków – died 3 December 1943 in Warsaw, Poland) was a Polish construction engineer and welding pioneer. He designed and built the first welded road bridge in the world. Biography Bryła was a professor at the Lwów University of Technology from 1927 and at the Warsaw University of Technology from 1934. Bryła was the author of basic methods of welding steel structures. In 1927 he designed the Maurzyce Bridge, first welded road bridge in the world. The bridge was erected across the Słudwia River in Maurzyce near Łowicz, Poland in 1929. It was still in use in 1977 at which point plans were undertaken to replace it with a wider structure. Consequently, the bridge was reinstalled as a historical monument at a site slightly upstream. In 1995, the American Welding Society presented a Historic Welded Structure Award for the bridge to Poland. He also designed high rise buildings: Drapacz Chmur in Katow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wojciech Bogusławski
Wojciech Romuald Bogusławski (9 April 1757 – 23 July 1829) was a Polish actor, theater director and playwright of the Polish Enlightenment. He was the director of the National Theatre, Warsaw, (''Teatr Narodowy''), during three distinct periods, as well as establishing a Polish opera. He is considered the "Father of Polish theatre." Early life Bogusławski was born into the minor nobility in Glinno, Poznań County, the son of land regent Leopold Bogusławski and Anna Teresa Linowski (see Pomian coat of arms. It is likely that he initially studied in Kraków before going on to attend a Piarist boarding school in Warsaw. In 1774 he traveled to the court of Bishop Kajetan Sołtyk, where he took part in the amateur theatre performances organized there. In 1775 he enlisted with the Lithuanian Footmen's Guard, and left the military three years later with the rank of officer cadet. Career 1778-1790 Bogusławski embarked on his theatre career in 1778 by joining the troupe of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anna Bilińska-Bohdanowicz
Anna may refer to: People Surname and given name * Anna (name) Mononym * Anna the Prophetess, in the Gospel of Luke * Anna of East Anglia, King (died c.654) * Anna (wife of Artabasdos) (fl. 715–773) * Anna (daughter of Boris I) (9th–10th century) * Anna (Anisia) (fl. 1218 to 1221) * Anna of Poland, Countess of Celje (1366–1425) * Anna of Cilli (1386–1416) * Anna, Grand Duchess of Lithuania (died 1418) * Anne of Austria, Landgravine of Thuringia (1432–1462) * Anna of Nassau-Dillenburg (died 1514) * Anna, Duchess of Prussia (1576–1625) * Anna of Russia (1693–1740) * Anna, Lady Miller (1741–1781) * Anna Russell, Duchess of Bedford (1783–1857) * Anna, Lady Barlow (1873–1965) * Anna (feral child) (1932–1942) * Anna (rapper) (born 2003) * Anna (singer) (born 1987) * C. N. Annadurai (1909–1969), Indian politician, known as Anna (elder brother) * Sunil Shetty (born 1961), Indian actor, known by his nickname Anna Places Australia * Hundred of Anna, a c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fryderyk Chopin
The Fryderyk is the annual award in Polish music. Its name refers to the original Polish spelling variant of Polish composer Frédéric Chopin's first name. Its status in the Polish public can be compared to the US Grammy and British BRIT Award. Officially created in 1994 and presented for the first time in 1995, the award was initially conferred by the Polish Society of the Phonographic Industry (''Związek Producentów Audio-Video'', ZPAV). Since 1999, nominees and winners have been selected by a body called Phonographic Academy (''Akademia Fonograficzna'') which by now consists of nearly 1000 artists, journalists and music industry professionals. Voting is anonymous and takes place in two rounds: In the first round, all Academy members can nominate five artists in each category, in the second round, members can vote for one candidate in each category from the most successful nominees established in the first round. The Fryderyk statuette is reminiscent of the Academy Awards ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tekla Bądarzewska-Baranowska
Tekla Bądarzewska-Baranowska, also known as Tekla Bądarzewska (Polish pronunciation: ; 1829/1834 – 29 September 1861) was a Polish composer and pianist. She composed mainly for the piano and is internationally known for her composition '' A Maiden's Prayer''. Life and death Bądarzewska was born in 1829 in Mława or 1834 in Warsaw to Andrzej Bądarzewski and Tekla Bądarzewska (Chrzanowska). Andrzej Bądarzewski was a successful police commissioner, and moved his family to Warsaw in 1835. Tekla married Jan Baranowski and they had five children in their nine years of marriage. Bądarzewska-Baranowska died on 29 September 1861 in Warsaw. One of her daughters, Bronisława, was enrolled at the Warsaw Institute of Music in 1875. Early works and marriage At age 14, Bądarzewska composed and published her first piece, ''Vals Pour le Pianoforte'', dedicated to Anna Makiewicz, the benefactress of a local orphanage. This piece was published by Franciszek Henryk Spiess, an important ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
