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Political Database Of The Americas
The Political Database of the Americas (PDBA) is a non-governmental organization based at the Center for Latin American Studies (CLAS), an academic center of the Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service of Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. It was formed in collaboration with the Organization of American States (OAS) anFLACSO-Chile The PDBA was succeeded by the States and Institutions of Governance in Latin America (SIGLA) database, the beta version of which launched in 2022. History The Political Database of the Americas was formed at Georgetown University in 1995 as a result of the 1st Summit of the Americas in 1994 in Miami. This recognized democracy as the only legitimate form of government in the Western Hemisphere, and the OAS and Tinker Foundation funded the creation of the PDBA to promote this mission. Objective The objective of the database is to "contribute to the study, promotion and strengthening of democracy in the hemisphere". To achieve this obje ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Official Language
An official language is defined by the Cambridge English Dictionary as, "the language or one of the languages that is accepted by a country's government, is taught in schools, used in the courts of law, etc." Depending on the decree, establishment of an official language might also place restrictions on the use of other languages. Designated rights of an official language can be created in written form or by historic usage. An official language is recognized by 178 countries, of which 101 recognize more than one. The government of Italy made Italian language, Italian their official language in 1999, and some nations (such as Mexico and Australia) have never declared ''de jure'' official languages at the national level. Other nations have declared non-indigenous official languages. Many of the world's constitutions mention one or more official or national languages. Some countries use the official language designation to empower indigenous groups by giving them access to the gover ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Non-governmental Organization
A non-governmental organization (NGO) is an independent, typically nonprofit organization that operates outside government control, though it may get a significant percentage of its funding from government or corporate sources. NGOs often focus on humanitarian or social issues but can also include clubs and associations offering services to members. Some NGOs, like the World Economic Forum, may also act as lobby groups for corporations. Unlike international organizations (IOs), which directly interact with sovereign states and governments, NGOs are independent from them. The term as it is used today was first introduced in Article 71 of the UN Charter, Article 71 of the newly formed United Nations Charter in 1945. While there is no fixed or formal definition for what NGOs are, they are generally defined as nonprofit entities that are independent of governmental influence—although they may receive government funding. According to the United Nations Department of Global Communic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgetown University Center For Latin American Studies
The Center for Latin American Studies (sometimes abbreviated to CLAS) is an academic institute within the School of Foreign Service of Georgetown University in Washington, DC dedicated to education about and research of Latin America. The Center was founded in 1959 by Dr. William Manger, the former Assistant Secretary General of the Organization of American States, as the Georgetown University Latin American Studies Program. Due to its inter-disciplinary orientation, it was one of the first programs of its kind in the United States. In 1990, the program was placed under the School of Foreign Service and given its current name. Dr. Arturo Valenzuela, as director, oversaw the transition of the Latin American Studies Program into the Center for Latin American Studies. The current director is Dr. Marc Chernick. A major project of CLAS is the Political Database of the Americas, which centralizes information about the constitutions, governments, and political processes of countries with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edmund A
Edmund is a masculine given name in the English language. The name is derived from the Old English elements ''ēad'', meaning "prosperity" or "riches", and ''mund'', meaning "protector". Persons named Edmund include: People Kings and nobles * Edmund the Martyr (died 869 or 870), king of East Anglia *Edmund I (922–946), King of England from 939 to 946 * Edmund Ironside (989–1016), also known as Edmund II, King of England in 1016 * Edmund of Scotland (after 1070 – after 1097) * Edmund Crouchback (1245–1296), son of King Henry III of England and claimant to the Sicilian throne *Edmund, 2nd Earl of Cornwall (1249–1300), earl of Cornwall; English nobleman of royal descent * Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York (1341–1402), son of King Edward III of England * Edmund Tudor, earl of Richmond (1430–1456), English and Welsh nobleman * Edmund, Prince of Schwarzenberg (1803–1873), the last created Austrian field marshal of the 19th century In religion * Saint Edmund (disambi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgetown University
Georgetown University is a private university, private Jesuit research university in Washington, D.C., United States. Founded by Bishop John Carroll (archbishop of Baltimore), John Carroll in 1789, it is the oldest Catholic higher education, Catholic institution of higher education in the United States, the oldest university in Washington, D.C., and the nation's first University charter#Federal, federally chartered university. The university has eleven Undergraduate education, undergraduate and Postgraduate education, graduate schools. Its main campus, located in the Georgetown (Washington, D.C.), Georgetown historic neighborhood, is on a hill above the Potomac River and identifiable by Healy Hall, a National Historic Landmark. It is Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education, classified among List_of_research_universities_in_the_United_States#Universities_classified_as_"R1:_Doctoral_Universities_–_Very_high_research_activity", "R1: Doctoral Universities – V ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organization Of American States
The Organization of American States (OAS or OEA; ; ; ) is an international organization founded on 30 April 1948 to promote cooperation among its member states within the Americas. Headquartered in Washington, D.C., United States, the OAS is a "multilateral regional body focused on human rights, electoral oversight, social and economic development, and security in the Western Hemisphere", according to the Council on Foreign Relations. As of November 2023, Member states of the Organization of American States, 32 states in the Americas are OAS members. Luis Almagro of Uruguay was inaugurated as OAS secretary general in 2015. His term ends in May 2025 and Albert Ramdin of Suriname has been elected as his successor. History 19th century The notion of an international union in the American continent was first put forward during the liberation of America by José de San Martín and Simón Bolívar who, at the 1826 Congress of Panama, still being part of Colombia, proposed cre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SIGLA
Scribal abbreviations, or sigla (grammatical number, singular: siglum), are abbreviations used by ancient and medieval scribes writing in various languages, including Latin, Greek language, Greek, Old English and Old Norse. In modern Textual criticism, manuscript editing (substantive and mechanical) sigla are the symbols used to indicate the source manuscript (e.g. variations in text between different such manuscripts). History Abbreviated writing, using sigla, arose partly from the limitations of the workable nature of the materials (rock (geology), stone, metal, parchment, etc.) employed in record-making and partly from their availability. Thus, lapidary, lapidaries, engravers, and copyists made the most of the available writing space. Scribal abbreviations were infrequent when writing materials were plentiful, but by the 3rd and 4th centuries AD, writing materials were scarce and costly. During the Roman Republic, several abbreviations, known as sigla (plural of ''siglum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valenzuela
Valenzuela may refer to: Places * Valenzuela, Paraguay * Valenzuela, Metro Manila, Philippines * Valenzuela, Spain * Valenzuela de Calatrava, Spain * Valenzuela, Louisiana Other uses * Valenzuela (surname), including a list of people with the name * ''Valenzuela'' (insect), a genus of barklice in the family Caeciliusidae {{disambiguation, geo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1st Summit Of The Americas
The First Summit of the Americas was convened in Miami, Florida, United States, on December 9–11, 1994. This summit was the first of a series of events for leaders from countries of the Americas. From across North and South America thirty-four nations met in Miami and agreed to create Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA). All countries were welcomed to participate except for Cuba. The Summit of the Americas accepted a Declaration of Principles to aid in the process of discussing a continent wide trade bloc. The declaration principles included: Partnership for Development and Prosperity which meant that the heads of all the states in the Americas were committed to promote democracy, its values, and various institutions. Another aspect of the agreement was that all of the Americas were to be joined in pursuing prosperity for every nation through open markets. The summit adopted a procedure to preserve and strengthen the community of democracies of the Americas. It was agre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tinker Foundation
Edward Larocque Tinker (September 12, 1881, in New York City – July 6, 1968, in New York City) was an American writer and philanthropist who developed a deep interest in the culture of Latin America and spent much of his life exploring it. Tinker was the grandson of Joseph Larocque. He studied at Columbia University Law School. He achieved Ph.D.'s in literature from the University of Paris and the University of Madrid. He also wrote extensively on the culture and history of the city of New Orleans. His mother was Louise (Larocque) Tinker, his father was Henry Champlin Tinker, and he married Frances McKee on January 16, 1916. His sister was Annie Rensselaer Tinker, a suffragist and philanthropist. Tinker created the Tinker Foundation in 1959 in memory of his second wife Frances McKee Tinker, his father Henry Champlin Tinker, and his grandfather Edward Greenfield Tinker. The Edward Larocque Tinker Library is located at the Harry Ransom Center The Harry Ransom Center, known a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brazil
Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, fifth-largest country by area and the List of countries and dependencies by population, seventh-largest by population, with over 212 million people. The country is a federation composed of 26 Federative units of Brazil, states and a Federal District (Brazil), Federal District, which hosts the capital, Brasília. List of cities in Brazil by population, Its most populous city is São Paulo, followed by Rio de Janeiro. Brazil has the most Portuguese-speaking countries, Portuguese speakers in the world and is the only country in the Americas where Portuguese language, Portuguese is an Portuguese-speaking world, official language. Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east, Brazil has a Coastline of Brazil, coastline of . Covering roughly half of South America's land area, it Borders of Brazil, borders all other countries and ter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
