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Politburo Of The Polish United Workers' Party
The Politburo was the highest political organ of the Central Committee of the Polish United Workers' Party, which existed from 1948 to 1990. The Politburo typically had between 9 and 15 members at any one time. Usually, several alternates (or candidates) were also elected to the Politburo, but unlike members, alternates did not possess voting rights. The predecessor of the PUWP was the Polish Workers' Party (). In 1948, it merged with the Polish Socialist Party to form the PUWP. A chronological list of Politburo membership is provided below. Politburo of the Polish Workers' Party, 1944–1948 Politburo of the Polish United Workers Party, 1948-1990 (A) = Alternate (Candidate) Member References {{Reflist Politburo of the Polish United Workers' Party Polish politicians Polish United Workers' Party Polish United Workers' Party ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Politburo
A politburo () or political bureau is the highest organ of the central committee in communist parties. The term is also sometimes used to refer to similar organs in socialist and Islamist parties, such as the UK Labour Party's NEC or the Political Bureau of Hamas. Politburos are part of the governing structure in most former and existing states. Names The term ''politburo'' in English comes from the Russian ''politbyuro'' (), itself an abbreviation of ''politicheskoye byuro'' ( 'political bureau'). The Spanish term ''Politburó'' is directly loaned from Russian, as is the German ''Politbüro''. Chinese uses a calque (), from which the Vietnamese ( ), and Korean ( ''Jeongchiguk'') terms derive. History The first politburo was created in Russia by the Bolshevik Party in 1917 during the Russian Revolution that occurred during that year. The first Politburo had seven members: Vladimir Lenin, Grigory Zinoviev, Lev Kamenev, Leon Trotsky, Joseph Stalin, Grigori Sokol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Józef Cyrankiewicz
Józef Adam Zygmunt Cyrankiewicz (; 23 April 1911 – 20 January 1989) was a Polish Socialist (PPS) and after 1948 Communist politician. He served as premier of the Polish People's Republic between 1947 and 1952, and again for 16 years between 1954 and 1970. He also served as Chairman of the Polish Council of State from 1970 to 1972. Early life and education Cyrankiewicz was born in Tarnów in what was then the Austro-Hungarian Empire, to father Józef (1881–1939) and mother Regina ''née'' Szpak (1879–1967). His father was a local activist of the National Democracy as well as lieutenant in the Polish Armed Forces while his mother was an owner of several sawmills. Cyrankiewicz attended the Jagiellonian University. He became secretary of the Kraków branch of the Polish Socialist Party in 1935. World War II Active in the Union of Armed Struggle (Związek Walki Zbrojnej, later renamed to Armia Krajowa), the Polish resistance organisation, from the beginning of Poland's 1939 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zenon Kliszko
Zenon Kliszko (8 December 1908 – 4 September 1989), was a politician in the Polish People's Republic, considered the man of Polish United Workers' Party (PZPR) leader Władysław Gomułka. He was born in Łódź and died in Warsaw. Biography Kliszko graduated from Warsaw University and joined the Communist Party of Poland in 1931. He was arrested in 1934 for anti-state agitation and released after the courts established that he was mentally challenged. Kliszko took part in the Warsaw Uprising during Nazi Germany's occupation of Poland and escaped capture by swimming across the Vistula river. He met Gomułka in Lublin, befriended him, and became the KC PZPR functionary after the Soviet takeover in 1945. On Kliszko´s advice and recommendation, the communist party took down the production of '' Dziady'' by Mickiewicz at the Polish Theatre in Warsaw, leading to the 1968 Polish political crisis and student protests across the country, brutally suppressed by ORMO, as well a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jerzy Morawski
Jerzy is the Polish version of the masculine given name George. The most common nickname for Jerzy is Jurek (), which may also be used as an official first name. Occasionally the nickname Jerzyk may be used, which means "swift" in Polish. People *Jerzy, ''nom de guerre'' of Ryszard Białous, Polish World War II resistance fighter * Jerzy Andrzejewski, Polish writer * Jerzy Bartmiński, Polish linguist and ethnologist * Jerzy Braun (other), several people * Jerzy Brzęczek, Polish footballer and manager * Jerzy Buzek, Polish politician and former Prime Minister and former President of the European Parliament * Jerzy Dudek, Polish footballer * Jerzy Fedorowicz, Polish actor and theatre director * Jerzy Ficowski, Polish poet and translator * Jerzy Grotowski, Polish theatre director and theorist * Jerzy Hoffman, Polish film director, screenwriter, and producer * Jerzy Jarniewicz, Polish poet, literary critic, translator and essayist * Jerzy Janiszewski, Polish artist * Jerzy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ignacy Loga-Sowiński
Ignacy Loga-Sowiński (January 20, 1914 – December 10, 1992) was a Polish trade union activist and politician. He was a member of the Central Committee and Politburo of the Polish United Workers' Party. He was a member of the State National Council from 1956 to 1971. He also served as the deputy chairman of the council and was an ambassador of the Polish People's Republic to Turkey from 1971 to 1978. Early life He is the son of Władysław and Honorata née Misiak, his father being an agricultural laborer. He received elementary education. Ignacy's profession was a bricklayer in the pre-war period, he lived in Łódź during that time.'' Reports of the Łódź voivode. 1938, Cz. 2 '; Łódź 2014, p. 300 (List of judgments for September 1938); sentenced by the judgment of the District Court in Łódź on August 16, 1938, to 2 years in prison and the loss of civil rights for 5 years (with arrest from April 28, 1938), on the basis of art. 97, § 1, in connection with Art. 93 § ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stefan Jędrychowski
Stefan Jędrychowski (19 May 1910 – 26 May 1996) was a Polish communist politician, economist, and journalist, who served as deputy prime minister, minister of foreign affairs, and minister of finance. Early life and education Jędrychowski was born on 19 May 1910 in Warsaw to a middle-class Catholic family. His mother was of German origin. His family owned properties and apartment houses in Wilno, in the Russian part of Poland. Jędrychowski graduated from Stefan Batory University in Wilno in 1932 with degrees in law and social science. He went on to earn his master's degree in law and PhD in economics from the same university. He began his political career as a radical leftist in a group called the Renaissance () as an undergraduate student. He went on to join the Legion of Youth (), which was founded by Józef Piłsudski after he took over the Polish government in 1926. Jędrychowski became a member of the group's regional command. Career and activities Jędrychowski beg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roman Nowak
Roman Nowak (21 July 1900 – 26 September 1980) was a Polish locksmith and Communist politician. Member of the Legislative Sejm and the Sejm of the People's Republic of Poland of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th term, a member of the State Council in 1957–1969 as well as a member of the Politburo of the Polish United Workers' Party of the Central Committee of the Polish United Workers' Party. Biography Nowak was born in Chorzów into working-class family of Jan and Agata. From 1914 to 1917 he was a train driver at the "Kościuszko" Steelworks, and then until 1924 a locksmith at the Chorzów Power Plant. He received secondary education. From 1921 he was a member of the Communist Party of Upper Silesia, then from 1922 the Communist Workers' Party of Poland (from 1925 the Communist Party of Poland). From 1925 to 1937 he was a party functionary in Silesia and Warsaw, he was a member of the secretariat of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Poland. In the years 1924–1931 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edward Gierek
Edward Gierek (; 6 January 1913 – 29 July 2001) was a Polish communist politician who served as the '' de facto'' leader of the Polish People's Republic between 1970 and 1980. Gierek replaced Władysław Gomułka as the First Secretary of the ruling Polish United Workers' Party (PZPR). Gierek came from a coal mining family and grew up in France from a young age, becoming active in the French communist movement and the Polish community in France. Gierek was deported to the Second Polish Republic for his communist advocacy in 1934 but moved to Belgium and was active in the Belgian Resistance during World War II. Gierek returned to Poland in 1948 and attended in the founding of the PZPR as a representative of Silesia, being appointed to the Sejm in 1952, the Central Committee of the PZPR under Bolesław Bierut in 1956, and the Politburo of the PZPR in 1959. Gierek was known for his openness and public speaking, emerging as one of the most respected and progressive politicians ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Władysław Dworakowski
Władysław Dworakowski (10 September 1908 – 17 November 1976) was a Polish communist politician and statesman. Biography Dworakowski was born in to a poor peasant family in the Lublin Governorate. He was a locksmith by profession and was active in the workers's movement. Dworakowski joined the Young Communist League of Poland in 1931 and later the Communist Party of Poland in 1934 and was a member of the party until its dissolution in 1938. In 1941-1942 he was a member of the Association of Friends of the Soviet Union and later joined the Polish Workers' Party shortly after its foundation. He was member of the anti-Nazi resistance in Poland and was a soldier in Gwardia Ludowa and also participated in the Warsaw Uprising. After World War II he was a high ranking functionary in the PPR and later the Polish United Workers' Party. He was the secretary of the Central Committee and the Party District Committees in Gdańsk, Warsaw and Łódź. From November 1952 to March 1954 D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zenon Nowak
Zenon Nowak (27 January 1905 – 21 August 1980) was a Communist activist and politician in the People's Republic of Poland. He was one of the members of the pro-Soviet Natolin faction of the PZPR Central Committee during the Polish October of 1956.Martin McCauley, Stephen Carter''Leadership and succession in the Soviet Union, Eastern Europe, and China.'' Page 45.''M.E. Sharpe''. Retrieved November 21, 2011. Awards and honors *: ** Order of the Builders of People's Poland (1964) ** Order of the Banner of Work, 1st class ** Commander's Cross with Star of the Order of Polonia Restituta (1975) ** Badge of the 1000th Anniversary of the Polish State (1966) *: ** Order of the October Revolution (1975) ** Order of Friendship of Peoples The Order of Friendship of Peoples () was an order of the Soviet Union, and was awarded to persons (including non-citizens), organizations, enterprises, military units, as well as administrative subdivisions of the USSR for accomplishments in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stefan Matuszewski
Stefan Matuszewski (2 December 1905 – 21 March 1985) was a Polish educator and politician, educated theologist and philosopher, member of the presidium of the Main Board of the Polish–Soviet Friendship Society. Minister of Information and Propaganda (1944–1946), member of the State Council (1952–1957), member of the National Council of Poland and the Sejm of the People's Republic of Poland of the first convocation. Biography He was born in Giżyna into a peasant family of Józef and Antonina. He was one of the founding members of the Society of Lovers of the City of Poznań. He graduated from the Faculty of Catholic Theology of the University of Warsaw in 1930 and was ordained a priest; from 1931 to 1937 vicar and prefect of schools in the following parishes: Kamieńczyk, Rembertów, Skierniewice and Warsaw. in 1937 he resigned from the priesthood and became a member of the Polish Socialist Party as well as its vice chairman, he was active in socialist circles and in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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