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Peugeot 508
The Peugeot 508 is a mid-size/large family car produced by the French automaker Peugeot since 2010, and followed by the 508 SW, an estate version, in 2011. Since 2012, the 508 has been the flagship model by Peugeot, slotted above the 208 and 308 in size. The 508 serves as the successor to both the 407 and 607 model lines, replacing both vehicles under a single nameplate for which no direct replacement was scheduled. It shares its platform and most engine options with the second generation Citroën C5: the two cars are produced alongside one another at the company's Rennes Plant,Peugeot 508 Camouflage intégral
''L'Automobile Magazine'' 21 September 2009
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PSA PF3 Platform
The PF3 Platform was developed by engineers at PSA Peugeot Citroën for large- and medium-sized cars with front wheel drive and transverse engine. The first car to use the PF3 platform was the 2001 Citroën C5. PSA PF3 was a global mid-size platform used by various models produced by Citroën and Peugeot. PSA began to use the new EMP2 platform (instead of the PF3 platform) for all future models in 2013, starting with the new Peugeot 308, except for collaborations with its partner Dongfeng for models specifically designed for the Chinese market. It was phased out in 2023 when production of the second-generation Citroën C6 ended. Models Vehicles based on the PF3 Platform: * 2001–2008 Citroën C5 I * 2004–2010 Peugeot 407 * 2008–2021 Citroën C5 II * 2005–2012 Citroën C6 I * 2010–2018 Peugeot 508 I * 2016–2019 Dongfeng A9 * 2016–2023 Citroën C6 II File:2006 Citroen C5 Design HDi 1.6.jpg, Citroën C5 I File:2008 Peugeot 407 Sport HDi 2.0 Front.jpg, Peugeot 4 ...
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Peugeot
Peugeot (, , ) is a French automobile brand owned by Stellantis. The family business that preceded the current Peugeot companies was established in 1810, making it the oldest car company in the world. On 20 November 1858, Émile Peugeot applied for the lion trademark. Armand Peugeot (1849–1915) built the company's first vehicle, a Steam car, steam-powered tricycle. In 1886, the company collaborated with Léon Serpollet, followed by the development of an internal combustion car in 1890, which used a Panhard-Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft, Daimler engine. The Peugeot family and company are originally from Sochaux, where Peugeot still operates a large manufacturing facility and the Musée de l'Aventure Peugeot, Peugeot Museum. Peugeot vehicles have received numerous international accolades, including six European Car of the Year awards. The brand also boasts over a century of success in motorsport, with victories including the Indianapolis 500 in 1913, 1916, and 1919. Peugeot Spo ...
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PSA Rennes Plant
The Stellantis Rennes Plant is one of the principal car plants in France, producing approximately 340,000 cars in 2005. The Rennes plant was acquired by the PSA Group in 1976 when Peugeot took a majority stake in the Citroën company which had built the plant. Stellantis Rennes is the largest private employer in the Rennes conurbation, with approximately 2,000 people as of 2021. In January 2021, PSA and Fiat Chrysler Automobiles merged to form Stellantis. Location and site The plant is located to the south-west of Rennes in the commune of Chartres-de-Bretagne, just beyond the Rennes city limits on a large site at Rennes-la-Janais, across the road from the city's airport. The completion in 2010 of a €50 million investment in new model production facilities will leave the total covered factory area at 500,000 m2. By 2008 the area under cover had grown to more than 700,000 m2, but this was to be reduced in order "to reduce fixed costs and optimize logistical efficiencies". ...
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Inline-four Engine
A straight-four engine (also referred to as an inline-four engine) is a four-cylinder piston engine where cylinders are arranged in a line along a common crankshaft. The majority of automotive four-cylinder engines use a straight-four layout (with the exceptions of the flat-four engines produced by Subaru and Porsche) and the layout is also very common in motorcycles and other machinery. Therefore the term "four-cylinder engine" is usually synonymous with straight-four engines. When a straight-four engine is installed at an inclined angle (instead of with the cylinders oriented vertically), it is sometimes called a slant-four. Between 2005 and 2008, the proportion of new vehicles sold in the United States with four-cylinder engines rose from 30% to 47%. By the 2020 model year, the share for light-duty vehicles had risen to 59%. Design A four-stroke straight-four engine always has a cylinder on its power stroke, unlike engines with fewer cylinders where there is no power st ...
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Prince Engine
Prince is the codename for a family of straight-four 16-valve all-aluminium gasoline engines with variable valve lift and variable valve timing developed by BMW and PSA Peugeot Citroën. It is a compact engine family of 1.4–1.6 L in displacement and includes most modern features such as gasoline direct injection and turbocharger. The BMW versions of the Prince engine are known as the N13 and the Mini versions are N12 (Double VANOS, Valvetronic at 6000 rpm) in 2007–2010 Cooper; N14 (Single VANOS, Turbocharged at 5500 rpm) in 2007–2010 Cooper-S; N14 (Single VANOS, Turbocharged at 6000 rpm) in 2009–2013 JCW Cooper; N16 (Double VANOS, Valvetronic at 6000 rpm) in 2011–2013 Cooper and N18 (Double VANOS, Valvetronic Turbocharged at 5500 rpm) in 2011–2013 Cooper-S. It replaced the Tritec engine family in the Mini and was first introduced in 2006 for MINI. Later in 2011 also for BMW models F20 and F21 114i, 116i and 118i . This was the first ...
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Petrol Engine
A petrol engine (gasoline engine in American and Canadian English) is an internal combustion engine designed to run on petrol (gasoline). Petrol engines can often be adapted to also run on fuels such as liquefied petroleum gas and ethanol blends (such as '' E10'' and '' E85''). They may be designed to run on petrol with a higher octane rating, as sold at petrol stations. Most petrol engines use spark ignition, unlike diesel engines which run on diesel fuel and typically use compression ignition. Another key difference to diesel engines is that petrol engines typically have a lower compression ratio. History The first practical petrol engine was built in 1876 in Germany by Nicolaus August Otto and Eugen Langen, although there had been earlier attempts by Étienne Lenoir in 1860, Siegfried Marcus in 1864 and George Brayton in 1873. Design Thermodynamic cycle Most petrol engines use either the four-stroke Otto cycle or the two-stroke cycle. Petrol engines have also ...
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Thika
Thika () is an industrial town and commerce hub in Kiambu County, Kenya, lying on the A2 road , northeast of Nairobi, near the confluence of the Thika and Chania Rivers. Although Thika town is administratively in Kiambu County, the greater Thika area comprising residential areas such as Bendor estate, Maporomoko, Thika Greens, Thika Golden Pearl, Bahati Ridge, and Thika Sports Club, among others, are within Murang'a County. Thika had a population of 279,429 as of the 2019 National Census and is growing rapidly. Its elevation is approximately . Thika is home to Chania Falls and Fourteen Falls on the River Athi. Ol Donyo Sabuk National Park lies to the southeast. The town has a railway station with limited passenger service as only cargo trains operate, although there are plans to extend the proposed light rail system to Thika. The town was the headquarters of Thika West district following the split of the larger Thika district (created in 1994) into five districts: Ruiru, ...
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Kostanay
Kostanay or Qostanai (, , rus, Костанай, p=kəstɐˈnaj) is a city located on the Tobol River in northern Kazakhstan. It is the administrative center of the Kostanay Region. As of 24 March 2022, the city's governor is Marat Zhundubayev. History Kostanay was founded by Russian settlers in 1879 and named Nikolaevsk, in honor of Tsar Nicholas II. In 1888, the town had more than 3,000 inhabitants involved in the building of a mill and a brewery, which are still operational. In 1893, Kustanay was granted city status. The Red Army took control in 1918 and changed the city's name to Kustanay. The Kustanay Region was established in 1936 with its administrative center in Kustanay. Six years after fall of Soviet Union, Kazakhstan renamed it to Kostanay. In 2009, the city population was Geographic location The city is located in the steppe zone in the north of the Turgay plateau, in the south-eastern part of the West Siberian Plain, on the Tobol River, 571 km north-west of A ...
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Kaduna (city)
Kaduna is the capital city of Kaduna State, and the former political capital of Northern Region, Nigeria, Northern Nigeria. It is located in north-western Nigeria, on the Kaduna River. It is a trade center and a major transportation hub as the gateway to northern states of Nigeria, with its rail and important road network. The population of Kaduna was put at 760,084 as of the 2006 Nigerian census. Rapid urbanization since 2005 has created an increasingly large population, and as of 2024, the city has an estimated population of 1.2 million people. Etymology The word ''Kaduna'' is said to be a corruption of the Hausa word for "crocodiles", ''Kaddunna'' in the Hausa language (''kaduna'' being the plural form). Another version of the etymology of the name proposes a link to the Gbagyi language, Gbagyi word/name 'Odna', meaning 'river'. History Kaduna was founded by British Empire, British colonists in 1900. The first British governor of Northern Nigeria, Sir Frederick Lugard, 1st ...
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Naza Automotive Manufacturing
Stellantis Gurun (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd (formerly Naza Automotive Manufacturing Sdn Bhd, abbreviated NAM) is an Automobile manufacturing, automotive manufacturing subsidiary of Stellantis in Malaysia. It is headquartered in Gurun, Kedah. The company was established in 2002 and by 2003, the construction of NAM's own manufacturing plant commenced. The manufacturing plant was built on a parcel of land and comprises an assembly plant, a two-storey office, a test track, lots for vendors and suppliers, staff accommodation and recreation facilities. In February 2018, NAM was taken over by PSA Group, which later merged with Fiat Chrysler to form Stellantis in 2021. The plant is now called the Stellantis Gurun Plant. History and Milestone * September 2002: Ground Breaking Ceremony in Gurun, Kedah * April 2003: Construction NAM Plant in Gurun begins * May 2004: NAM commences operations in Gurun, Kedah * August 2004: Start of production for the Naza Ria * December 2004: Start of production for ...
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Gurun, Kedah
Gurun is a mukim and a small town in Kuala Muda District, Kedah, Malaysia. "Gurun" in English means desert, however the town does not resemble in the slightest the meaning of its English translation. Rather, it derived its name from the word "gerun", which means terrify or "kurun" meaning elephant in the Siamese dialect. These words are associated with an incident during the reign of King Ekataat’s grandsons, Sultan Jaafar Mad Azam Syah, Sultan of the Islamic State of Ayutthia, who was killed in 1876 by the invading Thai armies when they crushed his body using an elephant. This incident took place behind the current Gurun Police Station. Government and politics Administratively, is under the district of Kuala Muda and falls within the local government administration of Sungai Petani Municipal Council. Gurun is designated as N22 for the Kedah State Legislative Council Zone and is represented by Baddrol Bakhtiar (Pakatan Nasional - PN) who defeated Firdaus Johari(Pakatan Harap ...
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Dongfeng Peugeot-Citroën
Dongfeng Peugeot-Citroën, formerly Dongfeng Peugeot-Citroën Automobile Co., Ltd. (DPCA) from 1992 to 2021, is an equally owned Chinese joint venture between the automobile manufacturers Dongfeng Motor Corporation and Stellantis (known as PSA Peugeot Citroën at the time of the formation of the joint venture). Based in Wuhan, capital of Hubei province, it manufactures Peugeot and Citroën models for sale in China. Its cars are well liked by consumers, and the Citroën brand received one of the highest scores in a 2014 customer satisfaction survey done by JD Power in China. Not all Stellantis products sold in China were sold or manufactured by its joint venture with Dongfeng; DS Automobiles models were once the domain of the former Changan PSA joint venture with Changan Automobile. DPCA also produces Dongfeng Fengshen-branded consumer vehicles in the same factories that manufacture the Stellantis models these private label cars are based on. History The Peugeot and Citroën ...
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