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Pericón De Cádiz
Juan Martínez Vílchez, known as Pericón de Cádiz (Cádiz, 20 September 1901 - Cádiz, 1980), was a flamenco singer who was able to recover different ''palos'' (forms) and old ''cantes''. He has left valuable recordings; his repertoire was extensive and is considered one of the last masters of singing in his land. He belonged to a select group of singers who raised the ''cantes'' of Cádiz to the highest level and allowed the recovery of the artistic and anthropological value of Flamenco. Biography He was born in the Plaza del Mentidero, at Calle Vea Murgía 5,Fernando Quiñone"Las mil y una historias de Pericón de Cádiz"prólogo al libro de José Luis Ortiz Nuevo. Instituto Andaluz de Flamenco. Junta de Andalucía in the city of Cádiz, the son of the couple formed by Adolfo and María, who were not gypsies and who had seven children.  From a humble family, he barely went to school for three or four years and soon began to work as a street vendor selling sweets and candies, ...
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Cádiz
Cádiz ( , , ) is a city in Spain and the capital of the Province of Cádiz in the Autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Andalusia. It is located in the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula off the Atlantic Ocean separated from neighbouring San Fernando, Cádiz, San Fernando by a narrow isthmus. Cádiz, one of the List of oldest continuously inhabited cities, oldest continuously inhabited cities in Western Europe, was founded by the Phoenicians as a trading post.Strabo, ''Geographica'' 3.5.5 In the 18th century, the Port in the Bay of Cádiz consolidated as the main harbour of mainland Spain, enjoying the virtual monopoly of trade with the Americas until 1778. It is also the site of the University of Cádiz. Situated on a narrow slice of land surrounded by the sea‚ Cádiz is, in most respects, a typical Andalusian city with well-preserved historical landmarks. The older part of Cádiz, within the remnants of the defensive wall, city walls, is commonly refer ...
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Alegrías
''Alegrías'' () is a flamenco palo or musical form, which has a rhythm consisting of 12 beats. It is similar to Soleares. Its beat emphasis is as follows: 1 2 '' 4 5 '' 7 '' 9 0'' 11 2''. Alegrías originated in Cádiz. Alegrías belongs to the group of ''palos'' called Cantiñas and it is usually played in a lively rhythm (120-170 beats per minute). The livelier speeds are chosen for dancing, while quieter rhythms are preferred for the song alone. One of the structurally strictest forms of flamenco, a traditional dance in alegrías must contain each of the following sections: a salida (entrance), paseo (walkaround), silencio (similar to an adagio in ballet), castellana (upbeat section) zapateado (literally "a tap of the foot") and bulerías. This structure though, is not followed when alegrías are sung as a standalone song (with no dancing). In that case, the stanzas are combined freely, sometimes together with other types of cantiñas. Recommended listenings for this ...
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Flamenco Musicians
Flamenco () is an art form based on the various folkloric music traditions of southern Spain, developed within the gitano subculture of the region of Andalusia, and also having historical presence in Extremadura and Murcia. In a wider sense, the term is used to refer to a variety of both contemporary and traditional musical styles typical of southern Spain. Flamenco is closely associated to the gitanos of the Romani ethnicity who have contributed significantly to its origination and professionalization. However, its style is uniquely Andalusian and flamenco artists have historically included Spaniards of both gitano and non-gitano heritage. The oldest record of flamenco music dates to 1774 in the book ''Las Cartas Marruecas'' (The Moroccan Letters) by José Cadalso. The development of flamenco over the past two centuries is well documented: "the theatre movement of sainetes (one-act plays) and tonadillas, popular song books and song sheets, customs, studies of dances, and '' ...
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Fernando Quiñones
Fernando is a Spanish and Portuguese given name and a surname common in Spain, Portugal, Italy, France, Switzerland, and former Spanish or Portuguese colonies in Latin America, Africa and Asia (like the Philippines, India, and Sri Lanka). It is equivalent to the Germanic given name Ferdinand, with an original meaning of "adventurous, bold journey". Given name * Fernando el Católico, king of Aragon A * Fernando Acevedo, Peruvian track and field athlete * Fernando Aceves Humana, Mexican painter * Fernando Alegría, Chilean poet and writer * Fernando Alonso, Spanish Formula One driver * Fernando Amorebieta, Venezuelan footballer * Fernando Amorsolo, Filipino painter * Fernando Antogna, Argentine track and road cyclist * Fernando de Araújo (other), multiple people B * Fernando Balzaretti (1946–1998), Mexican actor * Fernando Barrichello (born 2005), Brazilian racing driver * Fernando Baudrit Solera, Costa Rican president of the supreme court * Fernando Botero, Col ...
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Manolo Caracol
Manuel Ortega Juárez (9 July 1909 – 24 February 1973) was a Spanish flamenco cantaor (singer). Life and family Born in Seville, Spain, he was descended from a long line of flamenco artists including Enrique Ortega (father and son) and Curro Dulce, and he was possibly related to and El Fillo. The family was also known for its bull fighters. Under the stage name ''El Caracol'', he "gained international fame as much for his flamboyant personality as for his extraordinary ''Cante flamenco, cante''." Later his ''juergas'' (days long flamenco parties) became notorious. Although as a singer he always retained the ability to deliver the core of the traditional art, he was not ashamed to commercialize flamenco to attract a mass popularity; then he gained fame and fortune, as well as adding to a checkered reputation. For the most part, this was during what was later widely known as a decadent age in the history of the art, the age of Flamenco#The "Theatrical" period, Ópera flamenca ...
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Hispavox
Hispavox S.A. was a major Spain, Spanish record label, record company founded on June 27, 1953, that ran independently until 1985 when it was acquired by EMI. Their studios were located in Madrid, and were known among fans as Sonido Torrelaguna. EMI owned the Hispavox record label, manufactured for other labels and distributed in Spain foreign labels. The Hispavox name is retained by Warner Music Group after its acquisition of Parlophone Music Spain in 2013. History The company was founded by José Manuel Vidal Zapater in 1953, who would be the CEO until he was replaced by his brother Luis Vidal in 1977. The company began to produce records in 1955, mainly for other record companies of the time, such as the Spanish subsidiaries of Telefunken and Belter. Towards 1956 the record label began to edit and make records from the French companies Vega and Vogue, and also from the classical music label Discophile Français.  It was innovative for implanting the "microsurco" system, pi ...
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Melchor De Marchena
Melchor de Marchena (19071980; born Melchor Jimenez Torres) was a Spanish flamenco guitarist. Born in Marchena, Spain, he is considered to be one of the most representative artists with a "gypsy touch", along with Diego del Gastor. His love of flamenco comes from a family environment. His father, "El Lico" was a guitarist in his own right, while his mother "La Josefita", was a singer, as was one of his aunts, artistically known as "La Gilica de Marchena", who sang Soleá. Two of his brothers, Chicho Melchor and Miguel el Bizco, were also guitarists, like his son Enrique de Melchor (1950–2012), who continued the family tradition. Playing the guitar, Melchor accompanied several singers of his time, such as Manolo Caracol, La Niña de los Peines, and Antonio Mairena. In 1966, he was awarded the National Prize Flamenco Guitar, the highest award of its kind. In 1974 he performed with Paco de Lucia at the flamenco festival of La Union on the coast of eastern Spain. He died in Madr ...
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Guajiras (Flamenco)
Guajira (Flamenco) is a palo based on the Cuban Punto Guajira Cubana. It is in 12 beats and feels like it starts on 12. The guajira is a prime example of so-called cantes de ida y vuelta. The flamenco guajira is the adaptation to Melos flamenco of the Cuban point, the peasant point, a genre that brings together a series of songs called Guajiros that are grown in the rural areas of the island of Cuba. A guajira is simply a song for voice and guitar with a series of similar letras. The guajira is traditionally danced. The dancer will often use a large Spanish fan. The fan is twirled and otherwise manipulated throughout the dance, adding an elegant and flirtatious air. Structure Like all flamenco palos, the guajira has a clear structure and consists of beginning, middle and end. The guajira usually begins with an introductory section (falseta {{for, the male singing voice, Falsetto A Falseta is part of Flamenco music. They are usually short melodies played by the guitarist(s) in b ...
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Fandango
Fandango is a lively partner dance originating in Portugal and Spain, usually in triple metre, triple meter, traditionally accompanied by guitars, castanets, tambourine or hand-clapping. Fandango can both be sung and danced. Sung fandango is usually bipartite: it has an instrumental introduction followed by "variaciones". Sung fandango usually follows the structure of "cante" that consist of four or five octosyllabic verses (coplas) or musical phrases (tercios). Occasionally, the first copla is repeated. The meter of fandango is similar to that of the bolero and seguidilla. It was originally notated in time, of slow tempo, mostly in the minor, with a trio in the major; sometimes, however, the whole was in a major key. Later it took the 3-4 tempo, and the characteristic Spanish rhythm. Origins The earliest fandango melody is found in the anonymous "Libro de diferentes cifras de guitarra" from 1705, and the earliest description of the dance itself is found in a 1712 letter by M ...
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Cantiñas
The ''cantiñas'' () is a group of flamenco ''palos'' ( musical forms), originated in the area of Cádiz in Andalusia (although some styles of cantiña have developed in the province of Seville). They share the same '' compás'' or rhythmic pattern with the ''soleá'' and are usually sung in a lively rhythm (between 120 and 160 beats per minute). They are normally sung in a major mode and have a festive mood. The usual chord positions for the tonic chord in the guitar are those of E major, C major and, occasionally, A major, the latter usually reserved for solo guitar pieces. The chord progression is normally of the simple tonic-dominant type, although modern guitar players introduce other transitional chords. The ''palos'' classified under this group are: * '' Alegrías'' * '' Romeras'' * '' Caracoles'' * '' Mirabrás'' * Other ''cantiñas'', including the ''"cantiñas de Pinini"'' (or ''"cantiñas de Utrera''), ''"cantiña del contrabandista"'', ''"cantes de las Mirris"'' or "' ...
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Seguidilla
The seguidilla (; ; plural in both English and Spanish ''seguidillas''; diminutive of ''seguida'', which means "sequence" and is the name of a dance). Accessed May 2008. is an old Crown of Castile, Castilian folksong and dance form in quick triple time for two people with many regional variations. The music is generally in a major key and often begins on an offbeat (music), offbeat. The term is also used for a Spanish stanza form with four to seven short, partly assonance, assonant lines in a characteristic rhythm. Types The earliest and most influential of the types of seguidilla are thought to originate in either La Mancha or Andalusia, having become typical of large parts of central Spain. Variants include the ''seguidilla manchega'' (from La Mancha) as well as the ''murciana'' from Murcia and the slightly faster ''sevillanas, sevillana'' of Seville. One of the most complex styles of seguidilla is the ''seguidilla flamenca'' or ''siguiriyas, seguiriya''), which is used in flam ...
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Columbia Records
Columbia Records is an American record label owned by Sony Music Entertainment, a subsidiary of Sony Music Group, an American division of multinational conglomerate Sony. Founded in 1889, Columbia is the oldest surviving brand name in the recorded sound business, and the second major company to produce records. It is one of Sony Music's four flagship record labels, along with Epic Records, RCA Records and Arista Records. History Beginnings (1888–1929) The Columbia Phonograph Company was founded on January 15, 1889, by stenographer, lawyer, and New Jersey native Edward D. Easton (1856–1915) and a group of investors. It derived its name from the District of Columbia, where it was headquartered. At first it had a local monopoly on sales and service of Edison ...
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