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People's Army Of Poland
The Polish People's Army (, ; LWP) was the second formation of the Polish Armed Forces in the East during the latter stages of the World War II, Second World War (1943–1945), and subsequently the armed forces of the History of Poland (1945–1989), Polish communist state (1945–1989), which was Constitution of the Polish People's Republic, formalized in 1952 as the Polish People's Republic. The creation of communism, communist-led Polish armed forces that were outside the command of the Polish government-in-exile was allowed and facilitated by Soviet leader Joseph Stalin, following efforts made in the early 1940s by Soviet Union, Soviet-based Polish exiles Wanda Wasilewska and Zygmunt Berling. Initially called the Polish Army in the Soviet Union, USSR from 1943 to 1944, it became the Polish Troops and Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland from 1944 to 1952, and thereafter the Armed Forces of the Polish People's Republic. During these restructurings, the Polish military w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seltsy, Ryazan Oblast
Seltsy (; ) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, rural locality (a ''village#Russia, selo'') in Rybnovsky District of Ryazan Oblast, Russia, located on the Oka River, north-west of Ryazan. History During World War II, three divisions and some other units of the Polish Army were formed in the village before joining the fight against Nazi Germany. The 1st Tadeusz Kościuszko Infantry Division was formed in May 1943, and then joined the fight against Germany in September 1943. Then the 2nd Warsaw Infantry Division, 2nd Jan Henryk Dąbrowski Infantry Division and other units of the 1st Corps of the Polish Armed Forces in the East, Polish Armed Forces were formed, and relocated to Laptevo near Smolensk in January 1944. From December 1943, the 3rd Romuald Traugutt Infantry Division was formed, and relocated to Kiwerce in March 1944. In early 1944, the 1st Reserve Infantry Regiment of the 1st Corps was relocated to Sumy in Ukraine, which became the main center for the formation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Bautzen (1945)
The Battle of Bautzen (or Battle of Budziszyn, April 1945) was one of the last battles of the Eastern Front (WWII), Eastern Front during World War II in Europe. It was fought on the extreme southern flank of the Battle of the Oder–Neisse#Spremberg-Torgau Offensive, Spremberg-Torgau Offensive, seeing days of pitched street fighting between forces of the Polish Second Army under elements of the Soviet 52nd Army (Soviet Union), 52nd Army and 5th Guards Army (Soviet Union), 5th Guards Army on one side and elements of German Army Group Center in the form of the remnants of the 4th Panzer Army, 4th Panzer and 17th Army (Wehrmacht), 17th armies on the other. The battle took place during Ivan Konev's 1st Ukrainian Front's push toward Berlin, which was part of the larger Soviet Battle of Berlin, Berlin Offensive. The battle was fought in the town of Bautzen () () and the rural areas to the northeast situated primarily along the Bautzen–Niesky line. Major combat began on 21 April 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tadeusz Mazowiecki
Tadeusz Mazowiecki (; 18 April 1927 – 28 October 2013) was a Polish author, journalist, philanthropist and politician, formerly one of the leaders of the Solidarity movement, and the first non-communist Polish prime minister since 1946, having held the post from 1989 to 1991.BBC (corporate author), p. 1 He was the founder and leader of Democratic Union and Freedom Union. Between 1991–2001, he was a member of the Polish Parliament. In the years 2010–2013, he served as advisor to President Bronisław Komorowski. He is the recipient of Poland's highest order of merit, the Order of the White Eagle. Biography Tadeusz Mazowiecki was born in Płock, Poland on 18 April 1927 to a Polish noble family, which uses the Dołęga coat of arms.Kopka & Żelichowski, p. 135Pszczółkowski, pp. 1–2 Both his parents worked at the local Holy Trinity Hospital: his father was a doctor there while his mother ran a charity for the poor.Pac, p. 1 His education was interrupted by the outb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Heads Of State Of Poland
This article lists the heads of state of Poland. Currently, the President of Poland is the head of state of the country. Poland in the Early Middle Ages Legendary rulers Most of these rulers appear for the first time in chronicles from the 13th century. Semi-legendary dukes of the Polans in Greater Poland Several historians tend to believe that three legendary rulers of early Poland before Mieszko I might actually be historical persons. They appear in the oldest Polish chronicle, '' Gesta principum Polonorum'' from the early 12th century. Kingdom of Poland and Duchy of Poland (966–1569) Piast dukes and kings Fragmentation of the Kingdom of Poland, 1138–1314 Piast high dukes Reunification attempts in the Kingdom of Poland 1232–1305 =Piast kings= =Přemyslid kings= Reunited Kingdom of Poland, 1314–1569 Piast kings Anjou kings Jagiellonian kings Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1795) Duchy of Warsaw (1807–1815) Republic of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mieczysław Rakowski
Mieczysław Franciszek Rakowski ( Polish: ; 1 December 1926 – 8 November 2008) was a Polish communist politician, historian and journalist who was Prime Minister of Poland from 1988 to 1989. He served as the seventh and final First Secretary of the Polish United Workers' Party from 1989 to 1990. Career Rakowski was born in a peasant family and operated a lathe as a teenager. He served as an officer in the Polish People's Army from 1945 to 1949. He began his political career in 1946 as a member of the Polish Workers' Party, and from 1948 to 1990 he was a member of the communist Polish United Workers' Party (''PZPR''), serving on its Central Committee from 1975 to 1990. He received a doctorate in history from Warsaw's Institute for Social Sciences in 1956. Rakowski served as the second-to-last communist Prime Minister of Poland from September 1988 to August 1989 ( Czesław Kiszczak then served less than a month as the last Communist to hold the post, before the accession of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medal For Participation In The Battle Of Berlin
The Medal for Participation in the Battle of Berlin () was a Polish commemorative medal awarded by the Polish People's Republic to commemorate Polish military personnel who took part in the Battle of Berlin. History The Medal for Participation in the Battle of Berlin was established by the Sejm by the Act of April 21, 1966, to commemorate the victory over Nazi Germany and the contribution of the Polish People's Army in the capture of Berlin in 1945. According to the law, the medal was a recognition of people who took part in the 1945 Berlin Offensive. The ordinance of the Minister of National Defense of April 25, 1966 defined the rules and procedure for awarding the medal, the pattern of the badge and the manner of wearing. Pursuant to the regulation, the medal was awarded to persons who performed military service in the period from April 1945 to May 9, 1945 in the following units of the Polish Army: *1st Tadeusz Kościuszko Infantry Division * * * * The medal could also be awar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medal For Warsaw 1939–1945
The Medal for Warsaw 1939–1945 () was a Polish commemorative medal awarded by the Polish People's Republic to commemorate active participation in defending Warsaw in 1939, 1944 Warsaw Uprising, and in liberation of Warsaw from Nazi Germany in January 1945. History The Medal for Warsaw 1939–1945 was established by a decree of the Council of Ministers of November 21, 1945: "In order to commemorate the heroic history of Warsaw in the war with the Nazi invaders, the history of a soldier who defended the Capital in September 1939, fought relentlessly during the occupation and died sacrificially in the tragic uprising, as well as to commemorate the victorious liberation of Warsaw by the Polish People's Army in alliance with the Red Army and to reward the participants of these fights for the Capital." One of the first people to be awarded the medal was the first President of Poland Bolesław Bierut and Władysław Gomułka, and some high-ranking members of the Polish military suc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Warsaw Pact Invasion Of Czechoslovakia
On 20–21 August 1968, the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic was jointly invaded by four fellow Warsaw Pact countries: the Soviet Union, the Polish People's Republic, the People's Republic of Bulgaria, and the Hungarian People's Republic. The invasion stopped Alexander Dubček's Prague Spring liberalisation reforms and strengthened the authoritarian wing of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (KSČ). About 250,000 Warsaw Pact troops (afterwards rising to about 500,000), supported by thousands of tanks and hundreds of aircraft, participated in the overnight operation, which was code-named Operation Danube. The Socialist Republic of Romania and the People's Republic of Albania refused to participate. East German forces, except for a small number of specialists, were ordered by Moscow not to cross the Czechoslovak border just hours before the invasion, because of fears of greater resistance if German troops were involved, due to public perception of the previous German oc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish–Czechoslovak Border Conflicts
Border conflicts between Poland and Czechoslovakia began in 1918 between the Second Polish Republic and First Czechoslovak Republic, both newly independent states. The conflicts centered on the disputed areas of Cieszyn Silesia, Orava Territory and Spiš. After World War II they broadened to include areas around the cities of Kłodzko and Racibórz, which until 1945 had belonged to Germany. The conflicts became critical in 1919 and were finally settled in 1958 in a treaty between the Polish People's Republic and the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic. Before World War I Before the First World War both Spiš and Orava were multi-ethnic areas. The inhabitants of the northernmost parts of both lands were predominantly Gorals, whose dialect and customs were in many ways similar to those of the Podhale Gorals. Another area inhabited by Gorals was situated in Čadca area. At the end of 19th century tourism in and around the Tatra Mountains became very popular among the Polish educat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish–Ukrainian Conflict (1939–1947)
The Polish–Ukrainian conflict took place from 1939 to 1947. It was fought primarily between irregular Ukrainian Insurgent Army, Ukrainian and Polish Underground State, Polish units, with limited participation by Soviet partisans and the Red Army, as well as Kingdom of Romania, Romanian, Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946), Hungarian, Nazi Germany, German and Third Czechoslovak Republic, Czechoslovak armed formations. Fighting was concentrated in south-eastern Kresy region (today Western Ukraine) of the Occupation of Poland (1939–1945), German-occupied Second Polish Republic. The Occupation of Poland (1939–1945), occupation of Poland by Germany and Soviet Union in September 1939 led to demands by Ukrainian Insurgent Army, Ukrainian nationalists for a new Ukrainian national government (1941), Ukrainian state which would include the Polish territories of Eastern Galicia and Wołyń (''Volhynia''). Background Ukrainian radical nationalism In 1920, exiled Ukrainian officers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
