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Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Cardenal
Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Cardenal (23 September 1924 – 10 January 1978) was a Nicaraguan journalist and publisher. He was the editor of '' La Prensa'', the only significant opposition newspaper to the long rule of the Somoza family. He is a 1977 laureate of the Maria Moors Cabot Prize of Columbia University in New York. He married Violeta Barrios de Chamorro, who later went on to become President of Nicaragua (1990–1997). In 1978, he was shot to death, one of the precipitating events of the overthrow of the Somoza regime the following year. Background Chamorro was a son of Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Zelaya and wife Margarita Cardenal Argüello and paternal grandson of Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Bolaños and wife Ana María Zelaya Bolaños. He was the maternal grandson of Salvador Cardenal Saborío (son of Pedro Cardenal Ayerdi and wife Ana Ma. Saborio Bonilla), and wife Isabel Argüello Prado (daughter of Pedro Argüello Argüello and wife Leocadia Parado y Méndez). Both we ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Barrios
Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Barrios (born 24 September 1951) is a Nicaraguan journalist and politician. He began his career in journalism working at ''La Prensa'', following the 1978 assassination of its editor, his father, Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Cardenal. Working on the side of the Contras in exile in the 1980s, he returned to the country in 1989 when his mother Violeta Barrios de Chamorro ran for president, and following her election, served as a Nicaraguan ambassador. He later became defense minister. In the 21st century, Chamorro has been a city councilor for Managua and deputy in the National Assembly, also for Managua. On 25 June 2021, he became part of a wave of arrests of opposition and civic figures in Nicaragua. Early life and education Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Barrios was born in Managua on 24 September 1951. His parents were Pedro Joaquin Chamorro Cardenal, the anti-Somoza editor of ''La Prensa'', Nicaragua's oldest newspaper, and his wife Violeta Barrios de Chamo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Counterinsurgency
Counterinsurgency (COIN, or NATO spelling counter-insurgency) is "the totality of actions aimed at defeating irregular forces". The Oxford English Dictionary defines counterinsurgency as any "military or political action taken against the activities of guerrillas or revolutionaries" and can be considered war by a state against a non-state adversary. Insurgency and counterinsurgency campaigns have been waged since ancient history. Western thought on fighting 'small wars' gained interest during initial periods of European colonisation, with modern thinking on counterinsurgency was developed during decolonization. During insurgency and counterinsurgency, the distinction between civilians and combatants is often blurred. Counterinsurgency may involve attempting to win the hearts and minds of populations supporting the insurgency. Alternatively, it may be waged in an attempt to intimidate or eliminate civilian populations suspected of loyalty to the insurgency through indiscri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Chamorro (family)
The Chamorro family has its origin in Spain. A branch of the family became prominent in Nicaragua in the 18th century and its influence continues to the present. Historically, the Chamorros have been closely associated with the Conservatives, but the Sandinista The Sandinista National Liberation Front (, FSLN) is a socialist political party in Nicaragua. Its members are called Sandinistas () in both English and Spanish. The party is named after Augusto César Sandino, who led the Nicaraguan resistan ... Revolution has divided their loyalties, with some members supporting the Sandinistas. Outstanding members of this family are: Notes {{reflist External source errors *Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Alfaro is incorrectly listed as Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Bolaños in the following sources: DATOS HISTORICOS*MSN - ENCARTA *Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Bolaños is incorrectly listed as Pedro José Chamorro Bolaños in the following source: 3 Conquistador and Col ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
World Press Freedom Heroes
International Press Institute World Press Freedom Heroes are individuals who have been recognized by the Vienna-based International Press Institute for "significant contributions to the maintenance of press freedom and freedom of expression" and "indomitable courage". The first 50 "heroes" were selected on the occasion of the organization's 50th anniversary in 2000, and awarded at its World Congress in Boston Boston is the capital and most populous city in the Commonwealth (U.S. state), Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States. The city serves as the cultural and Financial centre, financial center of New England, a region of the Northeas .... As of 2021, 22 additional heroes have been added to the list, several of them posthumously. Recipients References {{Reflist Awards established in 2000 International journalism awards Free expression awards ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
International Press Institute
International Press Institute (IPI) is a global organisation dedicated to the promotion and protection of press freedom and the improvement of journalism practices. The institution was founded by 34 editors from 15 countries at Columbia University in October, 1950. IPI has a membership category: "IPI Leading Journalists", which is open to heads of media departments, bureau chiefs and media correspondents. IPI is a member of the International Freedom of Expression Exchange, a global network of non-governmental organisations that monitors press freedom and free expression violations worldwide. In October 2006, the National Television Academy (NTA) honoured IPI with an International Emmy Award for its press freedom work. Activities Protest letters IPI monitors press freedom around the world and responds to threats and attacks on journalists and media outlets by sending protest letters to governments and inter-governmental organisations. These threats are often brought to IPI's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Barricada (FSLN)
''Barricada'' (1979–1998) was an official publication of FSLN during the Sandinista revolutionary period. The first issue was published on 26 July 1979 and its stated goal was to promote the revolutionary project of the revolutionary regime. In the early days "Barricada" was a competitor with "El Nuevo Diario" and ''La Prensa.'' The first international editor of the paper was Sofía Montenegro Sofía Montenegro Alarcón (born 15 February 1954) is a Nicaraguan journalist, social researcher, and feminist. Montenegro's family were militarily aligned with the Somoza forces, but her feminist and Marxist studies moved her to join with the o ..., who had a tempestuous relationship with the paper, leaving after a breakdown, returning, being fired for criticizing the Party and finally being asked to return as editor of the editorial page in 1984. Motivated by the riots against the Sandinista government and fake news, a group of young communicators took the task of bring to life to a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Carlos Fernando Chamorro Barrios
Carlos Fernando Chamorro Barrios (born ) is a Nicaraguan independent investigative journalist. He is the founder and editor of Confidencial, a news website and weekly publication combining investigative journalism and analyses of current affairs. He also hosts two television news shows, ''Tonight'' and ''This Week''. Chamorro is the youngest son of former president of Nicaragua Violeta Chamorro, Violeta Barrios de Chamorro and Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Cardenal, a Nicaraguan journalist and editor of La Prensa (Managua), ''La Prensa'' who was shot to death in January 1978 during the Somoza family, Somoza regime (the paper was critical of the regime). During the first Sandinista National Liberation Front, Sandinista regime and through 1994, Chamorro was editor in chief of the government newspaper Barricada (FSLN), ''Barricada''. Early life and Sandinista work Carlos Fernando Chamorro studied at Colegio Centro América, Colegio Centro America. He then attended McGill University in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Contras
In the history of Nicaragua, the Contras (Spanish: ''La contrarrevolución'', the counter-revolution) were the right-wing militias who waged anti-communist guerilla warfare (1979–1990) against the Marxist governments of the Sandinista National Liberation Front and the Junta of National Reconstruction, which came to power after the Nicaraguan Revolution in 1979. Months after the political dynasty (1936–1979) of the Somoza family lost the Nicaraguan Revolution to the Sandinistas, the US government sponsored the remaining national-guard soldiers and Somocista politicians of the losing side as ''la Contra'', the right-wing counter-revolution. The American military assistance and financial aid granted the Contras a measure of political credibility and military utility as anti-communist militias useful to U.S. foreign policy in Latin America. In 1986, consequent to complaints of the Contras' regular violation of the human rights of Nicaraguan civilians, the Boland Ame ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Antonio Lacayo
Antonio Lacayo Oyanguren (21 December 1947 – 17 November 2015) was a Nicaraguan politician who served as Minister of the Presidency from 1990 to 1996, during the government of Violeta Barrios de Chamorro. He was a central figure in the country’s transition to democracy. He was campaign manager for Chamorro’s 1990 run for the presidency that defeated FSLN incumbent Daniel Ortega. In 1991, he created the Nicaraguan currency, the Cordoba Oro. Life and career Lacayo was a central figure in Nicaragua's transition to democracy. He was campaign manager for Violeta Barrios de Chamorro, mother of Lacayo's wife Cristiana Chamorro Barrios, during Violeta Chamorro's 1990 run for the presidency that defeated FSLN incumbent Daniel Ortega. Lacayo then served in Chamorro's administration as Minister of the Presidency from 1990 to 1996. In 1991, he created the Nicaraguan currency, the córdoba oro. In 1995, Lacayo established The National Project (Spanish: Proyecto Nacional - PRONAL), a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Cristiana Chamorro Barrios
Cristiana Chamorro Barrios (born 25 February 1954) is a Nicaraguan journalist, nonprofit executive and political candidate. Vice-president of '' La Prensa'', she was an aspiring presidential candidate in the 2021 Nicaraguan general election until the government of Daniel Ortega disqualified her from running and ordered her arrest in early June 2021. Chamorro is the daughter of newspaper editor Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Cardenal, who was assassinated in 1978, and Violeta Barrios de Chamorro, who became president of Nicaragua in 1990. Cristiana began working at ''La Prensa'' following her father's death and served as its editor from 1987 to 1991. She also served in the role of First Lady of Nicaragua during her mother's presidency. She later became director of a press freedom foundation honoring her mother, the Violeta Barrios de Chamorro Foundation, until new legal restrictions on civic organizations in Nicaragua forced the closure of the foundation in 2021. Career ''La Prensa'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Carlos Alberto Brenes
Carlos Alberto Brenes Jarquín (2 December 1884 in Masaya – 2 January 1942 in Managua) was the President of Nicaragua The co-presidents of Nicaragua (), officially known as the presidency of the Republic of Nicaragua (), are the heads of state and head of government, government of Nicaragua. The office was created in the Constitution of 1854. From 1825 until ... from 9 June 1936 to 1 January 1937. He was a member of the Nationalist Liberal Party. Brenes was the president of the lower chamber of National Congress of Nicaragua in 1936. He was installed as president by national guard commander Anastasio Somoza Garcia following a military coup on 9 June 1936, and remained in office until Somoza became president on 1 January 1937. References 1884 births 1942 deaths People from Masaya Nationalist Liberal Party politicians Presidents of Nicaragua Presidents of the Chamber of Deputies (Nicaragua) {{Nicaragua-politician-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Edmundo Jarquín
Edmundo Jarquín (born on 19 September 1946) is a Nicaraguan politician. He was the vice presidential running-mate of Herty Lewites, who was the presidential candidate for the Sandinista Renovation Movement (MRS) in the 2006 elections until his death on 2 July 2006. Jarquín then became the presidential candidate for the MRS. He chose Carlos Mejía Godoy to be his running mate. Jarquin finished in fourth place during the 2006 elections, receiving 6.29% of the vote. Early life Edmundo Jarquín was educated in Nicaragua (Universidad Centroamericana - UCA), as well as in Chile (Universidad de Chile), where he obtained a law degree. Career During the previous Sandinista regime, he served as ambassador of Nicaragua to Spain and to Mexico. After the Sandinista defeat in the elections of 1990, he became a member of the National Assembly for the FSLN. In 1992, he joined the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) in Washington, D.C. until his retirement in 2005. Personal life I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
