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Pashtun Tribes
The Pashtun tribes (), are tribes of the Pashtun people, a large Eastern Iranian ethnic group who speak the Pashto language and follow Pashtunwali, the social code of conduct for Pashtuns. They are found primarily in Afghanistan and Pakistan and form the world's largest tribe, tribal social group, society, comprising over 60 million people and between 350 and 400 tribes and clans. They are traditionally divided into four tribal confederacies: the Sarbani (), the Bettani (), the Ghurghusht (), the Karlani () and a few allied tribes of those that are Ismailkhel, Khel (clan), Khel, Ludin, Sakzai, and Zai (tribe), Zai. Folklore, Folkloric genealogies trace the ancestors of the Pashtuns to Qais Abdur Rashid and his three sons ''Saṛban'' (), ''Bēṭ'' (), and ''Gharghax̌t'' () as well as an adopted son, not directly adopted by Qais Abdul Rashid, but the identity of the adoptee, Karlāņ (), as well as the man who adopted him. According to some books written on the history of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indo-European Migrations
The Indo-European migrations are hypothesized migrations of Proto-Indo-Europeans, peoples who spoke Proto-Indo-European language, Proto-Indo-European (PIE) and the derived Indo-European languages, which took place from around 4000 to 1000 BCE, potentially explaining how these related languages came to be spoken across a large area of Eurasia spanning from the Indian subcontinent and Iranian plateau to Atlantic Europe, in a process of cultural diffusion. While these early languages and their speakers are Prehistory, prehistoric (lacking documentary evidence), a synthesis of linguistics, archaeology, anthropology and genetics has established the existence of Proto-Indo-European and the spread of its daughter dialects through migrations of large populations of its speakers, as well as the recruitment of new speakers through emulation of conquering elites. Comparative linguistics describes the similarities between various languages governed by laws of systematic Language change, ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bettani
The Bettani (), also spelled Batani, Baittani or Bhittani, is a Pashtun confederacy located mostly in Afghanistan and Pakistan. The Bettani are named after ''Shaykh Beṭ'', their legendary ancestor, who is said to be the third and last son of Qais Abdur Rashid (575 – 661). The Bettanis are Sunni Muslims of the Hanafi school. The Bettani confederacy includes the tribes of Bettanis, and the Matti tribes, which are the progeny of BiBi Mattu, the daughter of Sheikh Bettan. These include the Lodi, who are also known as Lohani, as well as the tribes of Marwat, Tanoli and Niazi. The Shirani tribe has also been referenced as a component of the Bettani confederacy. History According to Makhzan-e-Afghani, a compiled history of Afghans written by Ni'mat Allah al-Harawi, the Bettani are said to be named after their ancestor Betṭ Baba (claimed by a legend to be the first Pashto poet), who lived in the Altamur range, which is located between Logar and Zurmat. The narrative ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bactrian Language
Bactrian (, , meaning "Iranian") was an Eastern Iranian language formerly spoken in the Central Asian region of Bactria (present-day Afghanistan) and used as the official language of the Kushan and the Hephthalite empires. Name It was long thought that Avestan represented "Old Bactrian", but this notion had "rightly fallen into discredit by the end of the 19th century". Bactrian, which was written predominantly in an alphabet based on the Greek script, was known natively as (" Arya"; an endonym common amongst Indo-Iranian peoples). It has also been known by names such as Greco-Bactrian or Kushan or Kushano-Bactrian. Under Kushan rule, Bactria became known as ''Tukhara'' or ''Tokhara'', and later as '' Tokharistan''. When texts in two extinct and previously unknown Indo-European languages were discovered in the Tarim Basin of China, during the early 20th century, they were linked circumstantially to Tokharistan, and Bactrian was sometimes referred to as "Eteo-Tocharian" (i.e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Crooke
William Crooke (6 August 1848 – 25 October 1923) was a British orientalist and a key figure in the study and documentation of Anglo-Indian folklore. He was born in County Cork, Ireland, and was educated at Erasmus Smith's Tipperary Grammar School and Trinity College, Dublin. Crooke joined the Indian Civil Service. While an administrator in India, he found abundant material for his researches in the ancient civilizations of the country. He found ample time to write much on the people of India, their religions, beliefs and customs. He was also an accomplished hunter. Although Crooke was a gifted administrator, his career in the ICS lasted only 25 years because of personality clashes with his superiors. He returned to England and in 1910, he was chosen to be the president of the Anthropological Section of the British Association. In 1911, having been for many years a member of the council of the Folklore Society, he was elected its president. Re-elected as president of the soc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zai (tribe)
Zai ( ''zay'' 'son of'; plural: ''zī'') is a suffix denoting a member of certain Pashtun tribes in Afghanistan and Pakistan. Clan names are formed with the word khel. Distribution Members of such tribes are native to the geographic region of Pashtunistan in the present-day countries of Afghanistan and Pakistan. Tribes whose names use this suffix include: *the Samozais *the Yusufzais *the Alizais *the Dawoodzais *the Madozais *the Samadzais *the Bahlolzai Mahsud See also * Khel (clan) * Pashtun tribes * Pashtun * Tribes of Afghanistan * Tribes of Pakistan * Zada (suffix) Zada (Classical Persian: ; Dari and Pashto: (''zada''); ) also spelled zadah, is a Persian language, Persian-language suffix used as part of titles or nicknames for members of Royal family, royalty, for example: Beg-''zada'', Beg-''zade'', or the ... {{Pashtun tribes, Awanzai=Pashtun Tribe Suffixes Pashtun tribes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ormur
The Ormur (), also called Burki or Baraki (), are an Iranian peoples, Eastern Iranic people and Pashtuns, Pashtun tribe mainly living in Baraki Barak, in the Logar Province, Logar province of Afghanistan and in Kaniguram, in the South Waziristan District, South Waziristan district of Pakistan. Background The Pashtun warrior-poet Pir Roshan, born in 1525 in Jalandhar, India, belonged to the Ormur tribe. He moved with his family to their ancestral homeland of Kaniguram in Waziristan, from where he led the Roshani movement against the Mughal Empire. Language and demographics Ormuri language, Ormuri is the first language of the Ormurs living in Kaniguram and its vicinity in South Waziristan; today, all are bilingual in the local Pashto dialect of Waziristani dialect, Waziristani (Maseedwola). They are also found in Baraki Barak District, Baraki Barak in Logar Province, Logar and in the outskirts of Ghazni in Afghanistan. However, Pashto and Dari language, Dari have replaced Ormuri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qais Abdur Rashid
Qais Abdur Rashīd or Qais Abdul Rasheed () is said to be, in post-Islamic lore, the legendary founding father of the Pashtuns. It is believed that the conception of such a figure was promoted to bring harmony between religious and ethnic identities post-Arabic influence over the region. Qais Abdur Rashid is said to have traveled to Mecca and Medina in Arabian Peninsula, Arabia during the early days of Islam and converted. But contrary to this legend, Muslim conquests of Afghanistan, Islam spread through Afghanistan over a period of time. Genealogical tree Some Afghan genealogists list Qais Abdur Rashid as the 37th descendant of the Benjamites, Benjamite king Talut (or Saul, Kingdom of Israel (united monarchy), reigned c. 1050 BC–1010 BC) through Malak Afghana, a legendary grandson of Talut. According to the Encyclopaedia of Islam, the theory of Pashtun descent from Israelites, theory of Pashtun descent from the ancient Israelites is traced to ''Tarikh-i Khan Jahani wa Makhza ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Folklore
Folklore is the body of expressive culture shared by a particular group of people, culture or subculture. This includes oral traditions such as Narrative, tales, myths, legends, proverbs, Poetry, poems, jokes, and other oral traditions. This also includes material culture, such as traditional building styles common to the group. Folklore also encompasses customary lore, taking actions for folk beliefs, including folk religion, and the forms and rituals of celebrations such as Christmas, weddings, folk dances, and Rite of passage, initiation rites. Each one of these, either singly or in combination, is considered a Cultural artifact, folklore artifact or Cultural expressions, traditional cultural expression. Just as essential as the form, folklore also encompasses the transmission of these artifacts from one region to another or from one generation to the next. Folklore is not something one can typically gain from a formal school curriculum or study in the fine arts. Instead, thes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zai (tribe)
Zai ( ''zay'' 'son of'; plural: ''zī'') is a suffix denoting a member of certain Pashtun tribes in Afghanistan and Pakistan. Clan names are formed with the word khel. Distribution Members of such tribes are native to the geographic region of Pashtunistan in the present-day countries of Afghanistan and Pakistan. Tribes whose names use this suffix include: *the Samozais *the Yusufzais *the Alizais *the Dawoodzais *the Madozais *the Samadzais *the Bahlolzai Mahsud See also * Khel (clan) * Pashtun tribes * Pashtun * Tribes of Afghanistan * Tribes of Pakistan * Zada (suffix) Zada (Classical Persian: ; Dari and Pashto: (''zada''); ) also spelled zadah, is a Persian language, Persian-language suffix used as part of titles or nicknames for members of Royal family, royalty, for example: Beg-''zada'', Beg-''zade'', or the ... {{Pashtun tribes, Awanzai=Pashtun Tribe Suffixes Pashtun tribes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sakzai
Sakzai (), also called Sakzi , are a Pashtun tribe in Afghanistan located around the historical region of Sistan (modern day Nimroz, Helmand and Farah), as well as the Ghor region and the northern parts of the Sistan and Baluchestan Province of Iran. Their name suggests a connection with the historic East Iranian Saka tribes of Central Asia, as well as the historical inhabitants of the region, Also they can be found among the Baloch tribes The Baloch ( ) or Baluch ( ; , plural ) are a nomadic, pastoral, ethnic group which speaks the Western Iranic Balochi language and is native to the Balochistan region of South and Western Asia, encompassing the countries of Pakistan, Iran, and ..... The Sakzai are 24 subtribes and 95 or 96 clans and approximately make up around 7.5% of Afghanistans nomadic population. References Further reading * * * * * Pashtun tribes Ethnic groups in Helmand Province {{Afghanistan-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ludin
Ludin or Lodin () is a tribe progenited by Syed Muhammad Masood ( Mashwani) from his grandson Hassan Allauddin. Ludins settled among the area of Ghurghasht tribe of Pashtuns. They are scattered all over Afghanistan and can be found in most of the major cities. Demographics Ludins are primarily found in Kandahar, Zabul, Nangarhar, Kunduz, Akora khattak, Balkh, Logar, Kabul and Herat Herāt (; Dari/Pashto: هرات) is an oasis city and the third-largest city in Afghanistan. In 2020, it had an estimated population of 574,276, and serves as the capital of Herat Province, situated south of the Paropamisus Mountains (''Se ... provinces. Ludins in Balkh Province are mainly located in Dawlatabad District and Mazari Sharif. In Logar Province they live in Mohammad Agha and Pul-i-Alam districts. Notable Ludins * Atiqullah Ludin, politician * Azizullah Lodin, politician * Fereshta Ludin, teacher * Jawed Ludin, politician * Saif Lodin, social activist References {{auth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
