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Party Of National Mobilization
The National Mobilization (, MOBILIZA) is a political party in Brazil founded by politicians from the state of Minas Gerais on April 21, 1984, advocating for agrarian reform, termination of debt payments, ending of relations with the International Monetary Fund and formation of a trade bloc with other South American nations. Due to some problems with the Brazilian Electoral Court, the PMN's registration was ceased in January 1989. The party restarted in June of the same year. At the legislative elections in Brazil, 6 October 2002, the party won one out of 513 seats in the Chamber of Deputies and no seats in the Senate. From 2002 to 2010, the PMN was one of the members of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva's coalition. At the 2010 elections, the PMN won four seats in the Chamber of Deputies and won the governorship of the state of Amazonas. In the Presidential race, the party supported the coalition of José Serra. At the 2018 elections, the PMN won three seats, without endorsing an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Superior Electoral Court
The Superior Electoral Court (, TSE) is the highest body of the Brazilian Election Justice, Brazilian Electoral Justice, which also comprises one Regional Electoral Court (Brazil), Regional Electoral Court (, TRE) in each of the 26 states and the Federal District of the country, as determined by the Article 118 of the Constitution of Brazil. Background and legal provisions The Brazilian Electoral Code of 1932 established the Electoral Justice in Brazil, replacing the political system conducted by the Legislative branch over the electoral proceedings. The new judicial system transferred control over such proceedings to the Judiciary. In the present, duties of the Electoral Justice are regulated by a posterior Electoral Code, approved in 1965 (Law No. 4.737/65),MARTINS, Flavia Bahia. Direito constitucional. 2ª Ed. Niterói: Impetus, 2011. which revoked the 1932 code, but kept the judicial control over the electoral proceedings. The Superior Electoral Court is the highest judicial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
States Of Brazil
The federative units of Brazil () are subnational entities with a certain degree of autonomy (self-government, self-regulation, and self-collection) and endowed with their own government and constitution, which together form the Brazil, Federative Republic of Brazil. There are #List, 26 states (') and Federal District (Brazil), one federal district ('). The states are generally based on historical, conventional borders which have developed over time. The states are divided into municipalities of Brazil, municipalities, while the Federal District (Brazil), Federal District assumes the competences of both a state and a municipality. Government The government of each state of Brazil is divided into executive branch, executive, legislative branch, legislative and judiciary branches. The state executive branch is headed by a state governor and includes a vice governor, both elected by the citizens of the state. The governor appoints several secretaries of state (each one in charge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leonel Brizola
Leonel de Moura Brizola (22 January 1922 – 21 June 2004) was a Brazilian politician. Launched into politics by Brazilian president Getúlio Vargas in the 1930–1950s, Brizola was the only politician to serve as elected governor of two Brazilian states. An engineer by training, Brizola organized the youth wing of the Brazilian Labour Party (1945), Brazilian Labour Party and served as state representative for Rio Grande do Sul and mayor of its capital, Porto Alegre. In 1958 he was elected governor of Rio Grande do Sul and subsequently played a major role in Legality Campaign, thwarting a first coup attempt by sectors of the Brazilian Armed Forces, armed forces, who wished to prevent João Goulart from assuming the presidency following the resignation of Jânio Quadros in August 1961, under allegations of Communism in Brazil, communist ties. Three years later, facing the 1964 Brazilian coup d'état that went on to install the Military dictatorship in Brazil, Brazilian military ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1994 Brazilian General Election
General elections were held in Brazil on October 3, 1994, the second to take place under the provisions of the 1988 constitution and the second direct presidential election since 1960. Elected in 1989, President Fernando Collor of the centre-right National Reconstruction Party (PRN) had resigned in the face of an impeachment trial, resulting in Vice President Itamar Franco succeeding him. Facing a fiscal crisis Franco's government launched the Plano Real (" Real Plan") to stabilize the national economy. With Franco barred from running for a full term, the architect of the Real Plan, Minister of Finance Fernando Henrique Cardoso,Almanaque Abril, 28ª ed, 1995SAYAD, João. Observações sobre o Plano Real. Est. Econ. São Paulo. Vol. 25, Nº Especial, págs. 7-24, 1995-6 was chosen by the PSDB to serve as their presidential candidate in Franco's absence. For the position of Vice President, Cardoso selected former presidential Chief of Staff Marco Maciel of the Liberal Front Pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Celso Brant
Celso Teixeira Brant (December 16, 1920 - April 24, 2004) was a Brazilian jurist, university professor of the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), writer and politician. He was the National Mobilization Party (PMN) candidate for President of Brazil in the 1989 General Election. Biography For being Clóvis Salgado's cabinet chief, he became the acting Minister of Education between April and October 1956. In the 1958 Legislative Elections he was elected Federal Deputy from Minas Gerais by the Republican Party (PR), adhering to the National Parliamentary Group. Brant was nominated and ran for President of Brazil in the 1989 General Election by National Mobilization Party (PMN), receiving 109,909 votes or 0,16% of the valid votes. In the 1992 Municipal Elections he was elected Alderman of Belo Horizonte Belo Horizonte is the List of largest cities in Brazil, sixth-largest city in Brazil, with a population of around 2.3 million, and the third largest me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1989 Brazilian Presidential Election
Presidential elections were held in Brazil in 1989, with the first round on November 15 and a second round on December 17. They were the first direct presidential elections since 1960, the first to be held using a two-round system and the first to take place under the 1988 constitution, which followed two decades of authoritarian rule after the 1964 Brazilian coup d'état. The collapse of the military-imposed two-party system that pitted the right-wing authoritarian National Renewal Alliance (ARENA) against the catch-all Brazilian Democratic Movement (MDB) resulted in a wide array of new parties seeking to fill the political vacuum. President José Sarney of the PMDB, the MDB's successor, was ineligible to run. Sarney, who was elected Vice President on Tancredo Neves's ticket in the 1985 elections, had taken office due to Neves's death before his scheduled inauguration. Popular Governor of Alagoas Fernando Collor de Mello resigned from his position to mount a bid for the pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liberal Party (Brazil, 2006)
The Liberal Party (, PL) is a far-right political party in Brazil. From its foundation in 2006 until 2019, it was called the Party of the Republic (, PR). The party was founded in 2006 as a merger of the 1985 Liberal Party and the Party of the Reconstruction of the National Order (PRONA), as a big tent, centre-right party, and was considered part of the '' Centrão'', a bloc of parties without consistent ideological orientation that support different sides of the political spectrum in order to gain political privileges. As such, it supported the government of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva and Dilma Rousseff— members of the center-left Workers' Party—and Michel Temer. In 2021, it became the base of the then-president of Brazil, Jair Bolsonaro, for the 2022 Brazilian general election. This led to many of his supporters joining the party, which thereby became the largest bloc in the National Congress of Brazil, and the Liberal Party took a general shift to far-right. History ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
José Serra
José Serra Chirico (; born 19 March 1942) is a Brazilian politician who has served as a Congressman, Senator, Minister of Planning, Minister of Health, Mayor of São Paulo, Governor of São Paulo state, and Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Brazil), Minister of Foreign Affairs of Brazil. Early life José Serra was born in the São Paulo neighbourhood of Mooca (district of São Paulo), Mooca to Francesco Serra, an Italy, Italian immigrant from Corigliano Calabro, Calabria, and Serafina Chirico, a Brazilian born to Italy, Italian parents. Serra comes from a lower middle class family. His father was semi-illiterate and worked as a fruit vendor in a market of São Paulo, but he was able to enroll his only child in college. In the early 1960s, he was a prominent member of the socio-political movement Ação Popular which opposed the conservative political system that existed at the time. Serra interrupted his studies in engineering at age 22 and left the country in 1964, after the coup ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amazonas (Brazilian State)
Amazonas () is a federative units of Brazil, state of Brazil, located in the North Region, Brazil, North Region in the north-western corner of the country. It is the Federative units of Brazil#List, largest Brazilian state by area and the list of the largest country subdivisions by area, ninth-largest country subdivision in the world with an area of 1,570,745.7 square kilometers. It is the largest country subdivision in South America, being greater than the areas of Chile, Paraguay, and Uruguay combined. Neighbouring states are (from the north clockwise) Roraima, Pará, Mato Grosso, Rondônia, and Acre (state), Acre. It also borders the nations of Peru, Colombia and Venezuela. This includes the departments of Colombia, Departments of Amazonas (Colombian department), Amazonas, Vaupés Department, Vaupés and Guainía Department, Guainía in Colombia, as well as the Amazonas State, Venezuela, Amazonas state in Venezuela, and the Loreto Region in Peru. Amazonas is named after the A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luiz Inácio Lula Da Silva
Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (; born Luiz Inácio da Silva; 27 October 1945), known Mononym, mononymously as Lula, is a Brazilian politician, trade unionist and former metalworker who has served as the 39th president of Brazil since 2023. A member of the Workers' Party (Brazil), Workers' Party, Lula was also the 35th president from 2003 to 2011. Born in Pernambuco, Lula quit school after second grade to work, and did not learn to read until he was ten years old. As a teenager, he worked as a metalworker and became a trade unionist. Between 1978 and 1980, he led the 1978–1980 ABC Paulista strikes, ABC workers' strikes during Brazil's military dictatorship in Brazil, military dictatorship, and in 1980, he helped start the Workers' Party during Redemocratization in Brazil, Brazil's redemocratization. Lula was one of the leaders of the 1984 Diretas Já, ''Diretas Já'' movement, which demanded direct elections. In 1986 Brazilian legislative election, 1986, he was elected a federal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elections In Brazil
Brazil elects on the national level a head of state — the president — and a legislature. The president is elected to a four-year term by absolute majority vote through a two-round system. The National Congress (''Congresso Nacional'') has two chambers. The Chamber of Deputies (''Câmara dos Deputados'') has 513 members, elected to a four-year term by proportional representation. The Federal Senate (''Senado Federal'') has 81 members, elected to an eight-year term, with elections every four years for alternatively one-third and two-thirds of the seats. Brazil has a multi-party system, with such numerous parties that often no one party has a chance of gaining power alone, and so they must work with each other to form coalition governments. Latest election Presidential election Parliamentary election Chamber of Deputies Federal Senate Schedule Election Inauguration Electoral systems A presidential candidate in Brazil needs to gain fifty per cent plus one of vote ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trade Bloc
A trade bloc is a type of intergovernmental agreement, often part of a regional intergovernmental organization, where barriers to trade (tariffs and others) are reduced or eliminated among the participating states. Trade blocs can be stand-alone agreements between several states (such as the USMCA) or part of a regional organization (such as the European Union). Depending on the level of economic integration, trade blocs can be classified as preferential trading areas, free-trade areas, customs unions, common markets, or economic and monetary unions. Use Historic trading blocs include the Hanseatic League, a Northern European economic alliance between the 12th and 17th centuries, and the German Customs Union, formed on the basis of the German Confederation and subsequently the German Empire from 1871. Surges of trade bloc formation occurred in the 1960s and 1970s, as well as in the 1990s after the collapse of Communism. By 1997, more than 50% of all world commerce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
