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Parlement.com
The (PDC; ), is an institute connected to Leiden University that documents the parliamentary history of the Netherlands. It is part of the Montesquieu Institute on Campus The Hague, and situated at Lange Voorhout 86. Its function is to collect and make available information about the Dutch parliament, and it manages several websites about European matters. The centre was founded in 1974. Parlement.com , formerly (), is a website with information about Dutch politics and that of the European Union. The website is maintained by the PDC and focuses on contemporary Dutch politics and politicians as well as those of the past centuries. Part of the website functions as a digital biographical dictionary and archive that contains extensive data on Dutch and European politicians and administrators since 1795. In addition to ministers, state secretaries, and members of partliament, this also includes members of the Council of State, members of the Court of Audit, and King's commissio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Politics Of The Netherlands
The Netherlands is a parliamentary representative democracy. A constitutional monarchy, the country is organised as a decentralised unitary state.''Civil service systems in Western Europe'' edited by A. J. G. M. Bekke, Frits M. Meer, Edward Elgar Publishing, 2000, Chapter 7 The Netherlands can be described as a consociational state. Dutch politics and governance are characterised by a common striving for broad consensus on important issues, within both of the political community and society as a whole. Constitution The Dutch Constitution lists the basic civil and social rights of the Dutch citizens and it describes the position and function of the institutions that have executive, legislative and judiciary power. The constitution applies to the Netherlands, one of the four constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The Netherlands comprises all of the European territory, as well as the Caribbean islands of Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba. The Kingdom a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leiden University
Leiden University (abbreviated as ''LEI''; ) is a Public university, public research university in Leiden, Netherlands. Established in 1575 by William the Silent, William, Prince of Orange as a Protestantism, Protestant institution, it holds the distinction of being the oldest university in the Netherlands of today. During the Dutch Golden Age scholars from around Europe were attracted to the Dutch Republic for its climate of intellectual tolerance. Individuals such as René Descartes, Rembrandt, Christiaan Huygens, Hugo Grotius, Benedictus Spinoza, and later Baron d'Holbach were active in Leiden and environs. The university has seven academic faculties and over fifty subject departments, housing more than forty national and international research institutes. Its historical primary campus consists of several buildings spread over Leiden, while a second campus located in The Hague houses a liberal arts college (Leiden University College The Hague) and several of its faculties. It i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Court Of Audit (Netherlands)
The Court of Audits (in Dutch language, Dutch: ''Algemene Rekenkamer'') is an independent body that audits the spending of the national government on its Economic efficiency, efficiency and legitimacy (political), legitimacy. The Court of Audits is appointed by the cabinet of the Netherlands on the advice of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands. The Court of Audit is a High Council of State (Netherlands), High Council of State. Similar institutions * Audit Board of Indonesia, Badan Pemeriksa Keuangan (Indonesia) * Audit Scotland * Auditor General of Canada * Comptroller and Auditor General * Cour des Comptes (France) * Government Accountability Office (United States) * National Audit Office (United Kingdom), United Kingdom National Audit Office External links * {{Authority control Government audit, Netherlands Government of the Netherlands High Councils of State Supreme audit institutions ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NRC Handelsblad
''NRC'', previously called ' (), is a daily morning newspaper published in the Netherlands by Mediahuis NRC. It is widely regarded as a newspaper of record in the country. History was first published on 1 October 1970 after a merger of the Amsterdam newspaper ' (founded 1828 by J.W. van den Biesen) and the Rotterdam ' (founded 1844 by Henricus Nijgh). The paper's motto is ' – Light (referring to the Age of Enlightenment) and Freedom. Editor was succeeded on 12 December 2006, by . After a dispute with the new owners, Donker had to step down on 26 April 2010 and was replaced by Belgian . In 2019, he was succeeded by René Moerland. On 7 March 2011, the paper changed its format from broadsheet to tabloid (newspaper format), tabloid. The Newspaper circulation, circulation of in 2014 was 188,500 copies, putting it in 4th place among the national dailies. In 2015 the NRC Media group was acquired by the Belgian company Mediahuis. In 2022, when it stopped producing evening editio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Regulation (European Union)
A regulation is a legal act of the European Union which becomes immediately enforceable as law in all Member state of the European Union, member states simultaneously. Regulations can be distinguished from directive (European Union), directives which, at least in principle, need to be Transposition (law), transposed into national law. Regulations can be adopted by means of a variety of European Union legislative procedure, legislative procedures depending on their subject matter. Despite their name, Regulations are primary legislation rather than Delegated legislation, regulatory delegated legislation; as such, they are often described as "Acts" (e.g. the Digital Services Act). Description The description of regulations can be found in Article 288 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (formerly Article 249 Treaty establishing the European Community, TEC). Article 288 To exercise the Union's competences, the institutions shall adopt regulations, directives, decis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Commission
The European Commission (EC) is the primary Executive (government), executive arm of the European Union (EU). It operates as a cabinet government, with a number of European Commissioner, members of the Commission (directorial system, informally known as "commissioners") corresponding to two thirds of the number of Member state of the European Union, member states, unless the European Council, acting unanimously, decides to alter this number. The current number of commissioners is 27, including the president. It includes an administrative body of about 32,000 European civil servants. The commission is divided into departments known as Directorate-General, Directorates-General (DGs) that can be likened to departments or Ministry (government department), ministries each headed by a director-general who is responsible to a commissioner. Currently, there is one member per European Union member state, member state, but members are bound by their oath of office to represent the genera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Parliament
The European Parliament (EP) is one of the two legislative bodies of the European Union and one of its seven institutions. Together with the Council of the European Union (known as the Council and informally as the Council of Ministers), it adopts European legislation, following a proposal by the European Commission. The Parliament is composed of 720 members (MEPs), after the June 2024 European elections, from a previous 705 MEPs. It represents the second-largest democratic electorate in the world (after the Parliament of India), with an electorate of around 375 million eligible voters in 2024. Since 1979, the Parliament has been directly elected every five years by the citizens of the European Union through universal suffrage. Voter turnout in parliamentary elections decreased each time after 1979 until 2019, when voter turnout increased by eight percentage points, and rose above 50% for the first time since 1994. The voting age is 18 in all EU member states e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Union
The European Union (EU) is a supranational union, supranational political union, political and economic union of Member state of the European Union, member states that are Geography of the European Union, located primarily in Europe. The union has a total area of and an estimated population of over 449million as of 2024. The EU is often described as a ''sui generis'' political entity combining characteristics of both a federation and a confederation. Containing 5.5% of the world population in 2023, EU member states generated a nominal gross domestic product (GDP) of around €17.935 trillion in 2024, accounting for approximately one sixth of global economic output. Its cornerstone, the European Union Customs Union, Customs Union, paved the way to establishing European Single Market, an internal single market based on standardised European Union law, legal framework and legislation that applies in all member states in those matters, and only those matters, where the states ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
King's Commissioner
A King's commissioner (, ''CvdK'') is the head of government and legislature in a Provinces of the Netherlands, province of the Netherlands. When the List of monarchs of the Netherlands, reigning monarch is a woman, the title is Queen's commissioner (''Commissaris van de Koningin''). A commissioner is appointed by the Dutch Crown as its official representative, and serves as the non-voting chair of the provincial legislature, the Provincial council (Netherlands), States-Provincial. They also serve as chair and full and voting member of the Provincial executive. Background The government of the Netherlands consist of the national institutions, the twelve Provinces of the Netherlands, provinces and the 342 Municipalities of the Netherlands, municipalities. The three tiers are largely organised in the same way, with a Direct election, directly elected legislature, which in turn elects the executive branch, that is headed by a Chair (officer), chairperson appointed by the Monarchy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Council Of State (Netherlands)
The Council of State () is a constitutionally established advisory body in the Netherlands to the Cabinet of the Netherlands, government and States General of the Netherlands, States General that officially consists of members of the royal family and Crown-appointed members generally having political, commercial, diplomatic or military experience. It was founded in 1531, making it one of the world's oldest still-functioning state organisations. The Council of State must be consulted by the cabinet on proposed legislation before a law is submitted to parliament. The Council of State Administrative Law division also serves as one of the four highest courts of appeal in administrative matters. The King of the Netherlands, King is president of the Council of State but he seldom chairs meetings. The Vice-President of the Council of State chairs meetings in his absence and is the ''de facto'' major personality of the institution. Under Dutch constitutional law, the Vice-President of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parliament
In modern politics and history, a parliament is a legislative body of government. Generally, a modern parliament has three functions: Representation (politics), representing the Election#Suffrage, electorate, making laws, and overseeing the government via hearings and inquiries. The term is similar to the idea of a senate, synod or congress and is commonly used in countries that are current or former monarchies. Some contexts restrict the use of the word ''parliament'' to parliamentary systems, although it is also used to describe the legislature in some presidential systems (e.g., the Parliament of Ghana), even where it is not in the Legal name, official name. Historically, parliaments included various kinds of deliberative, consultative, and judicial assemblies. What is considered to be the first modern parliament, was the Cortes of León, held in the Kingdom of León in 1188. According to the UNESCO, the Decreta of Leon of 1188 is the oldest documentary manifestation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biographical Dictionary
A biographical dictionary is a type of encyclopedic dictionary limited to biographical information. Many attempt to cover the major personalities of a country (with limitations, such as living persons only, in ''Who's Who'', or deceased people only, in the ''Dictionary of National Biography''). Others are specialized, in that they cover important names in a subject field, such as architecture or engineering. History in the Islamic civilization Tarif Khalidi stated that the genre of biographical dictionaries is a "unique product of Arab Muslim culture". The earliest extant example of the biographical dictionary dates from 9th-century Iraq, and by the 16th-century it was a firmly established and well-respected form of historical writing. They contain more social data for a large segment of the population than that found in any other pre-industrial society. The earliest biographical dictionaries initially focused on the lives of the prophets of Islam and Sahaba, their companions, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
