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PTDOS
PTDOS or Processor Technology Disk Operating System is an operating system created in the late 1970s for computers using the Intel 8080 microprocessor and the Processor Technology Helios II Disk Memory System. Commands The following list of commands is supported by PTDOS 1.4. * EDIT * EDT3 * ASSM * DEBUG * DO * DISKCOPY * RECOVER * FILES * FREE? * SYST * OPEN? * COPY * IMAGE * BLDUTIL * EXTRACT * KILL * RENAME * RETYPE * REATR * XREF * DUMP * PRINT * RNUM * SAVE * GET * CREATE * OPEN * READ * WRITE * CLOSE * SPACE * RANDOM * SEEK * ENDF * SETIN * SETOUT * SET * EXEC * ZIP * CONFIGR * OUT * BASC5 * FOCAL Focal or FOCAL may refer to: *Focal (lexicographical website), an Irish lexicographical website *FOCAL (programming language), a programming language for the PDP-8 and similar machines * Focal (HP-41), for programming HP calculators * FOCAL (space ... * TREK80 References External linksSol 20 site– This computer used PTDOS when a Helios II disk drive was installed. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diskcopy
In computing, diskcopy is a command used on a number of operating systems for copying the complete contents of a diskette to another diskette. Implementations The command is available in MS-DOS, IBM PC DOS, DR FlexOS, IBM/Toshiba 4690 OS, MetaComCo TRIPOS, Processor Technology PTDOS, AmigaDOS, TSL PC-MOS, PTS-DOS, SISNE plus, FreeDOS, IBM OS/2, and Microsoft Windows. The MS-DOS version was originally written in August 1982. It is available in MS-DOS versions 2 and later. Digital Research DR DOS 6.0 and Datalight ROM-DOS also include an implementation of the command. The FreeDOS version was developed by Imre Leber and is licensed under the GNU GPL 2. The command is not included in Windows 10. The command is not included in Windows 11. xcopy is a like command Example *Copy the complete contents of the diskette in Drive A drive to the diskette in B drive. >diskcopy a: b: *If there is only have one diskette drive, diskcopy can be done by typing the source drive o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Processor Technology
Processor Technology Corporation was a personal computer company founded in April 1975, by Gary Ingram and Bob Marsh in Berkeley, California. Their first product was a 4K byte RAM board that was compatible with the MITS Altair 8800 computer but more reliable than the MITS board. This was followed by a series of memory and I/O boards including a video display module. A Processor Technology advertisement showing a motherboard with eight add-in boards. '' Popular Electronics'' magazine wanted a feature article on an intelligent computer terminal and Technical Editor Les Solomon asked Marsh and Lee Felsenstein to design one. It was featured on the July 1976, cover and became the Sol-20 Personal Computer. The first units were shipped in December 1976 and the Sol-20 was a very successful product. The company failed to develop next generation products and ceased operations in May 1979.Freiberger (2000), 153-155 History Bob Marsh, Lee Felsenstein and Gordon French started design ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trek-80
''Trek-80'' is a text-based video game written by Steve Dompier in 1976 and sold by Processor Technology for their Sol-20 computer and suitable S-100 bus machines. ''Trek-80'' combines features of the seminal ''Star Trek'' game by Mike Mayfield with the unrelated ''Trek73''. In contrast to the originals, which were designed to run on teletypes, Trek-80 used the VDM-1 video card to produce a character-based real-time display. Compatible 3rd party versions of the VDM-1 became the ''de facto'' display for most early S-100 bus machines, as well as the TRS-80. A version known as ''Invasion Force'' was sold by Tandy for the TRS-80. An unrelated '' Trek-80'' for the TRS-80 was sold by Judges Guild, but this was a port of the original Mayfield game with few changes. Gameplay Dompier's ''Trek-80'' was mostly based on Mike Mayfield's original version, with only minor changes in the underlying gameplay concepts. The game took place in a section of the galaxy divided into "quadrants", e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
FOCAL (programming Language)
FOCAL (acronym for Formulating On-line Calculations in Algebraic Language, or FOrmula CALculator) is an interactive Interpreter (computing), interpreted programming language based on JOSS and mostly used on Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) Programmed Data Processor, PDP series machines. JOSS was designed to be a simple language to allow programs to be easily written by non-programmers. FOCAL is very similar to JOSS in the commands it supports and the general Syntax (programming languages), syntax of the language. It differs in that many of JOSS' advanced features like Range (computer programming), ranges and user-defined functions were removed to simplify the parser and allow the system to run in less memory. Some of the reserved words (keywords) were renamed so that they all start with a unique first letter. This allows users to type in programs using one-character statements, further reducing memory needs. This was an important consideration on the PDP-8, which was often limi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
BASIC
Basic or BASIC may refer to: Science and technology * BASIC, a computer programming language * Basic (chemistry), having the properties of a base * Basic access authentication, in HTTP Entertainment * Basic (film), ''Basic'' (film), a 2003 film * Basic, one of the Galactic Basic, languages in ''Star Wars'' Music * Basic (Glen Campbell album), ''Basic'' (Glen Campbell album), 1978 * Basic (Robert Quine and Fred Maher album), ''Basic'' (Robert Quine and Fred Maher album), 1984 * B.A.S.I.C. (Alpinestars album), ''B.A.S.I.C.'' (Alpinestars album), 2000 * Basic (Brown Eyed Girls album), ''Basic'' (Brown Eyed Girls album), 2015 * B.A.S.I.C. (The Basics album), ''B.A.S.I.C.'' (The Basics album), 2019 Places * Basic, Mississippi, a community in the US * BASIC countries, Brazil, South Africa, India and China in climate change negotiations Organizations * BASIC Bank Limited, government owned bank in Bangladesh * Basic Books, an American publisher Other uses * Basic (cigarette), a brand ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
PRINT (command)
In computing, the print command provides single-user print spooling capability in a number of operating systems. It is roughly similar to that provided by the UNIX System V lp and BSD lpr print spooler systems. Implementations The command is available in the DEC RT-11, OS/8,"Concise Command Language" (CCL). RSX-11, TOPS-10, and TOPS-20 operating systems and also in DR FlexOS, DR DOS, TSL PC-MOS, Paragon Technology PTS-DOS, SISNE plus, IBM OS/2, eComStation, ArcaOS, Microsoft Windows Windows is a Product lining, product line of Proprietary software, proprietary graphical user interface, graphical operating systems developed and marketed by Microsoft. It is grouped into families and subfamilies that cater to particular sec ..., FreeDOS, Stratus OpenVOS, AROS, HP MPE/iX, and OpenVMS. The FreeDOS version was developed by James Tabor and is licensed under the GPL. DOS, OS/2, Windows Background The command was introduced in MS-DOS/ IBM PC DOS ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ren (command)
ren (or rename) is a shell command for renaming a file and in some implementations (such as AmigaDOS) a directory. Some shells with also provide a move command that provides for moving between directories. On systems that do not support a move command (such as MS-DOS older than 6.00), the user could copy a file to a new destination and then delete the original file. In DOSBox, ren can move files. The command is in various shells such as COMMAND.COM, Command Prompt, 4DOS, 4NT and PowerShell. In MS-DOS, the command is available in versions 1 and later. In PowerShell, ren is a predefined alias for the Rename-Item Cmdlet which serves the same essential purpose. Similar commands are available in many operating systems. The command is available in the CP/M, MP/M, Cromemco DOS, TRIPOS, OS/2, ReactOS, SymbOS, and DexOS. Multics includes a rename command to rename a directory entry; which could be contracted to rn. A command which in some cases can be contracted to ren i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Copy (command)
copy is a shell command for copying files. Different implementations provide various capabilities, such as: * Combining (concatenating) multiple files into a single file * If multiple source files are specified before the path to an existing directory, then files are copied to the directory * Support for text vs. binary data; for text, the command stops when it reaches an end-of-file (EOF) character; for binary, files are copied in their entirety; ignoring EOF * In DOS, a file can be copied to or from a device. For example, copy ''path'' con outputs the file at ''path'' to the console, and copy con ''path'' copies text typed at the console to a file at ''path'' Implementations The command is available in RT-11, OS/8,"Concise Command Language" (CCL). RSX-11, ISIS-II, iRMX 86, TOPS-10, TOPS-20, OpenVMS, MetaComCo TRIPOS, HDOS, Z80-RIO, OS-9, DOS, FlexOS, 4690 OS, PC-MOS, HP MPE/iX, OS/2, Windows, ROM-DOS, ReactOS, SymbOS, DexOS, and 86-DOS. Under IBM PC DOS/MS- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Debug (command)
The line-oriented debugger DEBUG.EXE is an external command in operating systems such as DOS, OS/2 and Windows (only in 16-bit/32-bit versions). DEBUG can act as an assembler, disassembler, or hex dump program allowing users to interactively examine memory contents (in assembly language, hexadecimal or ASCII), make changes, and selectively execute COM, EXE and other file types. It also has several subcommands which are used to access specific disk sectors, I/O ports and memory addresses. Overview Traditionally, all computers and operating systems have included a maintenance function, used to determine whether a program is working correctly. DEBUG was originally written by Tim Paterson to serve this purpose in 86-DOS. When Paterson began working for Microsoft in the early 1980s he brought the program with him. DEBUG was part of and has been included in MS-DOS/ PC DOS and certain versions of Microsoft Windows. Originally named DEBUG.COM, the executable was renamed i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Intel 8080
The Intel 8080 is Intel's second 8-bit computing, 8-bit microprocessor. Introduced in April 1974, the 8080 was an enhanced successor to the earlier Intel 8008 microprocessor, although without binary compatibility.'' Electronic News'' was a weekly trade newspaper. The same advertisement appeared in the :File:Intel 8080 Advertisement May 1974.jpg, May 2, 1974, issue of ''Electronics'' magazine. Originally intended for use in Embedded system, embedded systems such as calculators, cash registers, computer terminals, and industrial robots, its robust performance soon led to adoption in a broader range of systems, ultimately helping to launch the microcomputer industry. Several key design choices contributed to the 8080’s success. Its 40‑pin package simplified interfacing compared to the 8008’s 18‑pin design, enabling a more efficient data bus. The transition to NMOS logic, NMOS technology provided faster transistor speeds than the 8008's PMOS logic, PMOS while also simplifyin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Assembly Language
In computing, assembly language (alternatively assembler language or symbolic machine code), often referred to simply as assembly and commonly abbreviated as ASM or asm, is any low-level programming language with a very strong correspondence between the instructions in the language and the architecture's machine code instructions. Assembly language usually has one statement per machine instruction (1:1), but constants, comments, assembler directives, symbolic labels of, e.g., memory locations, registers, and macros are generally also supported. The first assembly code in which a language is used to represent machine code instructions is found in Kathleen and Andrew Donald Booth's 1947 work, ''Coding for A.R.C.''. Assembly code is converted into executable machine code by a utility program referred to as an '' assembler''. The term "assembler" is generally attributed to Wilkes, Wheeler and Gill in their 1951 book '' The Preparation of Programs for an Electronic Dig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Command (computing)
In computing, a command is an instruction received via an external Interface (computing), interface that directs the behavior of a computer program. Commonly, commands are sent to a program via a command-line interface, a scripting language, script, a network protocol, or as an event triggered in a graphical user interface. Many commands support arguments to specify input and to modify default behavior. Terminology and syntax varies but there are notable common approaches. Typically, an option or a flag is a name (without Whitespace character, whitespace) with a prefix such as dash or Slash (punctuation), slash that modifies default behavior. An option might have a required value that follows it. Typically, flag refers to an option that does not have a following value. A parameter is an argument that specifies input to the command and its meaning is based on its position in the command line relative to other parameters; generally ignoring options. A parameter can specify anything ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
