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Obrana Národa
Obrana národa (ON; English: ''Defence of the Nation'') was a Czech resistance organization that fought against the German occupation from 1939 to 1945. It opposed Nazi rule in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. The group was founded by General Josef Bílý in April 1939. The Gestapo was able to seek out and destroy the group's leadership on three occasions (February 1940, May 1942 and June 1944), but each time the group was reorganized. Overview of activities The formation of ON was the product of discussions among senior officers of the Army and Ministry of Defense that took place immediately after the Nazi occupation in March 1939. As early as March 19, some of the senior officers in the Czech army, including Gen. Sergej Ingr, Gen. Josef Bílý, and Gen. Sergei Wojciechowski, began talking about establishing a military resistance organization. At first, ON was relatively disorganized, but within a short time it had established itself in Bohemia and Moravia and had devel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Resistance In German-occupied Czechoslovakia
Czechoslovak resistance to the German occupation of Czechoslovakia, German occupation of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia during World War II began after the occupation of the rest of Czechoslovakia and the formation of the protectorate on 15 March 1939. Nazi Germany, German policy deterred acts of resistance and annihilated organizations of resistance. In the early days of the war, the Czechs, Czech population participated in boycotts of public transport and large-scale demonstrations. Later on, 1st Czechoslovak Partisan Brigade of Jan Žižka, armed communist partisan groups participated in sabotage and skirmishes with German police forces. The most well-known act of resistance was the assassination of Reinhard Heydrich. Resistance culminated in the so-called Prague uprising of May 1945; with Allied armies approaching, about 30,000 Czechs seized weapons. Four days of bloody street fighting ensued before the Soviet Red Army entered the nearly liberated city. Consolidation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
České Budějovice
České Budějovice (; ) is a city in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 97,000 inhabitants. The city is located in the valley of the Vltava River, at its confluence with the Malše. České Budějovice is the largest city in the region and its political and commercial capital, the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of České Budějovice and the University of South Bohemia. It is famous for the Budweiser Budvar Brewery. The historic city centre is well preserved and is protected as an Cultural monument (Czech Republic)#Monument reservations, urban monument reservation. Administrative division České Budějovice consists of seven municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census): *České Budějovice 1 (3,024) *České Budějovice 2 (36,041) *České Budějovice 3 (25,568) *České Budějovice 4 (1,999) *České Budějovice 5 (8,171) *České Budějovice 6 (8,839) *České Budějovice 7 (12,022) České Budějovice 5 forms an En ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alois Eliáš
Alois Eliáš (29 September 1890 – 19 June 1942) was a Czech general and politician. He served as prime minister of the puppet government of the German-occupied Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia from 27 April 1939 to 27 September 1941 but maintained contact with the government-in-exile. Because of his participation in the anti-Nazi resistance, he was the only head of government who was murdered by the Nazis during World War II. Education Eliáš graduated in geodesy from the Czech Technical University in 1911. Working for a private company as a land surveyor, he was sent to Bosnia to work on the construction of a railway.Antonin Eliáš on Czech Government official site Military career After the Austrian declaration of war on |
František Binder
Lieutenant Colonel in memoriam František Binder (22 October 1914 in Hojná Voda, Austria-Hungary – 3 March 1942 in East Wretham, Norfolk) was a Czech soldier who participated in the fights to save the Czechoslovak state borders in the unit SOS - State Defense Guard (part of the Financial Guard) and subsequently for World War II fighting in the Royal Air Force (RAF) against Nazi Germany. After the conflict in the fight with a night fighter he died at RAF home base in England, East Wretham, Norfolk. Military service and service at State Defense Guard * 1 October 1935 - presented to the full-service performance and embodied, as a Private CSA (Czechoslovak Army), at 9 platoon of 1st Infantry Regiment "Mistr Jan Hus", * 16 September 1936 - promoted to the rank of Private first class, * 24 May 1938 - after completing military service he was presented to four week workout in arms, * 25 May 1938 - released into the relationship out of active service as a member of State Defense Gua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otakar Batlička
Otakar Batlička (12 March 1895, Prague, Czech Republic (then part of the Kingdom of Bohemia in Austria-Hungary) – 13 February 1942, Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp) was a Czech adventurer, journalist, ham (amateur) radio operator, and member of the Czech-based Nazi resistance group Obrana Národa during World War II. Early life Batlička was born in Vinohrady, Prague. In his early adult years, he traveled around the world, probably from 1914 to 1920. After his return to Prague, he was active in many areas: in the 1920s he took part in motorcycle races and experimented with electricity; in 1932 he registered as an amateur radio operator, and constructed his own transmitter which he presented at exhibitions and lectures, working for the Prague tram network. War years After the Nazi occupation of Czechoslovakia and the subsequent establishment of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, he became a member of the Obrana Národa; as a radio operator he communicated wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Josef Balabán
Josef Balabán (5 June 1894 – 3 October 1941) was a Czechoslovak soldier known for his involvement in the resistance movement against Nazi Germany during World War II. Life Balabán born in Obora gamekeeper's lodge in Dobříš. During World War I he joined the Czechoslovak Legions in Russia. Later, he served as an artillery officer in the Czechoslovak Army, then as a staff officer and at the Ministry of Defense (reaching the rank of lieutenant-colonel). After Germany occupied the remainder of Czech lands in March 1939, Balabán started to cooperate with the resistance group Obrana národa (''Defense of the nation'') that had been organized by former army officers. Beginning in the summer of 1939 he was one of the leaders of the organization. Together with Josef Mašín and Václav Morávek, Balabán was part of the group known as the Three Kings (''Tři králové''), which carried out intelligence gathering and sabotage. The group continued in communication with Paul Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
František Slunečko
František Slunečko (2 October 1886, Mladá Vožice – 10 December 1963, Prague) was a Czech general, a member of the World War II resistance group Defense of the Nation, and the military commander of Bohemia during the Prague Uprising 1945. Early life and education František Slunečko graduated from the grammar school in České Budějovice in 1905 and received a degree in mechanical engineering from the Czech Technical University in 1909. He began his basic military service on 1 October 1910 in Sankt Pölten (Saint Hypolit), Austria; spent a year at a military school in Linz; served briefly as a platoon commander; and then took a job with the state post office. Military career After the mobilization in July 1914, he was called up to service in the Austro-Hungarian army on 3 August 1914. In October his unit was sent to the Russian front; on 21 December 1914 he was captured by the Russians. At the POW camp in Pokrov, he was involved in the prisoners’ self-government, and in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
František Bláha (soldier)
František Bláha (26 February 1886 – 21 May 1945) was a Czech soldier, general of the Czechoslovak Army and one of the senior commanders of the Defense of the Nation. Early life and education Bláha was born on 26 February 1886 in Poděbrady. His father, František Bláha, was a butcher; his mother was named Anna, née Effenbergrová. He graduated from lower grammar school in Hradec Králové. In 1907–1908 he performed military service at the Landgran Regiment in Prague. On 23 November 1914, after the outbreak of World War I, he was sent to the Russian front, only to be captured after six days. He joined the Czechoslovak legions on 6 January 1916, in Tyumen. After graduating from the officer school in Kyiv and given the rank of lieutenant, he worked on the recruitment committee of the 6th MS. Rifle Regiment. After completing a course in Iași in 1917–1918, again, he took part in battles at Marianivka and Yekaterinburg. He returned to the newly established nation of Czec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zdeněk Novák
Zdeněk Novák (April 2, 1891, Paskov, Frýdek-Místek District, Austria-Hungary, Austro-Hungarian Empire - October 23, 1988, Zadní Třebaň, Czechoslovakia) was a Czech Republic, Czech military officer who served in the Austro-Hungarian army, in the Czechoslovak Army, and as a resistance fighter in World War II. Early life and education Novák was born on April 2, 1891, in the village of Paskov. From September 1901 to June 1905 he attended the State Lower Gymnasium, Místek. From September 1905 to June 1907 he attended business school in Uherské Hradiště. From September 1908 to July 1909 he attended the State High School in Brno. From October 1909 to July 1910 he studied at the University of Agriculture in Berlin. In October 1910 he chose to interrupt his studies and volunteered for a year's service in artillery regiment 27 in Josefov, where he studied at a school for reserve artillery officers from December 1910 to May 1911. From May to September 1911, he was an artillery ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bedřich Homola
Army General Bedřich Homola (2 June 1887, Běleč – 5 January 1943, Berlin, Plötzensee Prison) was a Czechoslovak soldier, general, legionnaire who fought for the Allies during the First World War, and the Head Commander of the anti-Nazi resistance organization Obrana národa ("Defense of the Nation") during the Nazi occupation of Bohemia and Moravia. He used the code name ''Ataman''. Youth He was born on 2 June 1887, in Běleč, today a part of Liteň, to Václav and Marie Homola, who were peasants. After completing elementary school in Lithuania in 1899 he attended secondary school in Hostomice, transferring in 1901 to a German-language school in Bílina. From 1903 to 1907 he attended the College of Civil Engineering in Prague. In 1907–08 he was employed by the Prague architect Zuslicht. In 1908–09 he did volunteer work in Prague; in 1909–10 he worked for a construction company in Serbia and from 1910 to 1914 he had a job at the Prague City Hall. Military career W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moravská Ostrava
Moravská Ostrava is a part of the Moravská Ostrava a Přívoz city Statutory city (Czech Republic)#Differences of statutory city, borough in Ostrava, Czech Republic. Originally a separate town, it was merged with surrounding municipalities Přívoz, Vítkovice (Ostrava), Vítkovice, Mariánské Hory, Zábřeh (Ostrava), Zábřeh, Hrabůvka (Ostrava), Hrabůvka a Nová Ves (Ostrava), Nová Ves on 1 January 1924. In 1941, it was further merged with Slezská Ostrava. On 24 November 1990, it became part of one of the 23 Ostrava#Administrative division, self-governing boroughs of Ostrava, together with Přívoz. References {{reflist Populated places in Ostrava-City District ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Olomouc
Olomouc (; ) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 103,000 inhabitants, making it the Statutory city (Czech Republic), sixth largest city in the country. It is the administrative centre of the Olomouc Region. Located on the Morava (river), Morava River, the city is the ecclesiastical metropolis and was a historical co-capital city of Moravia, before having been occupied by the Military of the Swedish Empire, Swedish army during the Thirty Years' War. The historic city centre is well preserved and is protected as Cultural monument (Czech Republic)#Monument reservations, urban monument reservation. The Holy Trinity Column in Olomouc, Holy Trinity Column was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2000 for its quintessential Baroque architecture, Baroque style and symbolic value. Administrative division Olomouc consists of 26 municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census): *Olomouc (13,446) *Bělidla (834) *Černovír (1,010) *Chomoutov (1,070) *Ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
