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NYC Department Of Education
The New York City Department of Education (NYCDOE) is the department of the government of New York City that manages the city's public school system. The City School District of the City of New York (or the New York City Public Schools) is the largest school system in the United States (and the world), with over 1.1 million students taught in more than 1,800 separate schools. The department covers all five boroughs of New York City, and has an annual budget of $38 billion. The department is run by the Panel for Educational Policy and New York City Schools Chancellor. The current chancellor is David C. Banks. History The New York State legislature established the New York City Board of Education in 1842. Beginning in the late 1960s, schools were grouped into ''districts''. Elementary schools and middle schools were grouped into 32 community school districts, and high schools were grouped into five geographically larger districts. One each for Manhattan, the Bronx, Que ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New York City Board Of Education
The Panel for Educational Policy of the Department of Education of the City School District of the City of New York, abbreviated as the Panel for Educational Policy and also known as the New York City Board of Education, is the governing body of the New York City Department of Education. The members of the board are appointed by the mayor and by the five borough presidents. History Independent Board (1842–2002) The New York State legislature established the New York City Board of Education in 1842. Mayoral Control (2002–present) On June 30, 2002, Mayor Bloomberg secured authority over the schools from the New York State legislature, which began the era of "mayoral control" over the city schools. The New York Supreme Court elaborates: On June 30, 2009, the New York State Senate declined to renew the mayor's full authority over the school system. In particular, State Senate Democratic leader John Sampson, of Brooklyn, opposed the extension of mayoral control. The a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New York City Panel For Educational Policy
The Panel for Educational Policy of the Department of Education of the City School District of the City of New York, abbreviated as the Panel for Educational Policy and also known as the New York City Board of Education, is the governing body of the New York City Department of Education. The members of the board are appointed by the mayor and by the five borough presidents. History Independent Board (1842–2002) The New York State legislature established the New York City Board of Education in 1842. Mayoral Control (2002–present) On June 30, 2002, Mayor Bloomberg secured authority over the schools from the New York State legislature, which began the era of "mayoral control" over the city schools. The New York Supreme Court elaborates: On June 30, 2009, the New York State Senate declined to renew the mayor's full authority over the school system. In particular, State Senate Democratic leader John Sampson, of Brooklyn, opposed the extension of mayoral control. The a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laws Of New York
''Laws of the State of New York'' are the session laws of the New York State Legislature published as an annual periodical, i.e., "chapter laws", bills that become law (bearing the governor's signature or just certifications of passage) which have been assigned a chapter number in the office of the legislative secretary to the governor, and printed in chronological order (by chapter number). Laws are usually cited in the form of "Chapter X of the Laws of YYYY" or "L. YYYY, c. X", where X is the chapter number and YYYY is the year. ''Laws of New York'' is published by the Legislative Bill Drafting Commission (LBDC).Legislative Law §§ 24–25 The New York Secretary of State is also responsible for publishing local laws as a supplement to ''Laws of New York'', but they have not done so in recent years. The permanent laws of a general nature are codified in ''Consolidated Laws of New York''. See also * Law of New York * ''Consolidated Laws of New York'' * ''United States Statutes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cronyism
Cronyism is the spoils system practice of partiality in awarding jobs and other advantages to friends or trusted colleagues, especially in politics and between politicians and supportive organizations. For example, cronyism occurs when appointing "cronies" to positions of authority regardless of their qualifications. This is in contrast to a ''meritocracy'', in which appointments are made based on merit. Politically, "cronyism" is derogatorily used to imply buying and selling favors, such as votes in legislative bodies, as doing favors to organizations, giving desirable ambassadorships to exotic places, etc. Cronyism is a specific form of favoritism. Etymology The word "crony" first appeared in 17th-century London, according to the ''Oxford English Dictionary'' and is believed to be derived from the Greek word ''chronios'' (χρόνιος), meaning "long term". A less likely but oft-quoted source is the supposed Irish term ''Comh-Roghna'', which translates as "close pals", o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mayoral Control Of Schools
Mayoral control of schools is governance over American schools based on the business model, in which the mayor of a city replaces an elected board of education (school board) with an appointed board. The mayor may also directly appoint the head of the school system, called the CEO, superintendent or chancellor. Also known as integrated governance, mayoral control of schools is in contrast to the structure it replaces: an elected board that governs schools independently from the formal influence of the mayor.Wong, Kenneth K., et al. The Education Mayor: Improving America's Schools. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press, 2007. Print. Mayors govern the school districts in two of the United States' three largest cities: Chicago (since 1995) and New York City (since 2002). Mayors also control various other medium-to-large districts as well, including District of Columbia Public Schools. According to a survey of school board members compiled for the National School Board Associati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Lindsay
John Vliet Lindsay (; November 24, 1921 – December 19, 2000) was an American politician and lawyer. During his political career, Lindsay was a U.S. congressman, mayor of New York City, and candidate for U.S. president. He was also a regular guest host of ''Good Morning America''. Lindsay served as a member of the United States House of Representatives from January 1959 to December 1965 and as mayor of New York City from January 1966 to December 1973. He switched from the Republican to the Democratic Party in 1971, and launched a brief and unsuccessful bid for the 1972 Democratic presidential nomination as well as the 1980 Democratic nomination for Senator from New York. Early life Lindsay was born in New York City on West End Avenue to George Nelson Lindsay and the former Florence Eleanor Vliet. He grew up in an upper-middle-class family of English and Dutch descent. Lindsay's paternal grandfather migrated to the United States in the 1880s from the Isle of Wight, and his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mayor Of New York City
The mayor of New York City, officially Mayor of the City of New York, is head of the executive branch of the government of New York City and the chief executive of New York City. The mayor's office administers all city services, public property, police and fire protection, most public agencies, and enforces all city and state laws within New York City. The budget, overseen by New York City Mayor's Office of Management and Budget, is the largest municipal budget in the United States, totaling $100.7 billion in fiscal year 2021. The City employs 325,000 people, spends about $21 billion to educate more than 1.1 million students (the largest public school system in the United States), and levies $27 billion in taxes. It receives $14 billion from the state and federal governments. The mayor's office is located in New York City Hall; it has jurisdiction over all five boroughs of New York City: Manhattan, Brooklyn, the Bronx, Staten Island and Queens. The mayor appoints numerous offi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New York City School Boycott
The New York City school boycott, referred to as Freedom Day, was a large-scale boycott and protest against segregation in the New York City public school system which took place on February 3, 1964. Students and teachers walked out to highlight the deplorable conditions at public schools in the city, and demonstrators held rallies demanding school integration. It has been described as the largest civil rights protest of the 1960s, involving nearly half a million participants. Historical context Freedom Day was part of a larger effort by activists to target the New York City Board of Education through acts of civil disobedience for their failure to implement a reasonable integration plan. The protest followed the smaller Chicago Public Schools boycott, also known as Freedom Day, which took place in October 1963. Although school segregation had been illegal in New York City since 1920, housing patterns and continuing ''de facto'' segregation meant schools remained racially seg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
School Integration In The United States
School integration in the United States is the process (also known as desegregation) of ending race-based segregation within American public and private schools. Racial segregation in schools existed throughout most of American history and remains an issue in contemporary education. During the Civil Rights Movement school integration became a priority, but since then ''de facto'' segregation has again become prevalent. School segregation declined rapidly during the late 1960s and early 1970s. Segregation appears to have increased since 1990. The disparity in the average poverty rate in the schools whites attend and blacks attend is the single most important factor in the educational achievement gap between white and black students. Background Early history of integrated schools Some schools in the United States were integrated before the mid-20th century, the first ever being Lowell High School in Massachusetts, which has accepted students of all races since its founding. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alternative School
An alternative school is an educational establishment with a curriculum and methods that are nontraditional. Such schools offer a wide range of philosophies and teaching methods; some have strong political, scholarly, or philosophical orientations, while others are more ''ad hoc'' assemblies of teachers and students dissatisfied with some aspect of mainstream or traditional education. Some schools are based on pedagogical approaches differing from that of the mainstream pedagogy employed in a culture, while other schools are for gifted students, children with special needs, children who have fallen off the track educationally or expelled from their base school, children who wish to explore unstructured or less rigid system of learning, etc. Features There are many models of alternative schools but the features of promising alternative programs seem to converge more or less on the following characteristics: * the approach is more individualized; * integration of children ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
110 Livingston J2 Jeh
Eleven or 11 may refer to: *11 (number), the natural number following 10 and preceding 12 * one of the years 11 BC, AD 11, 1911, 2011, or any year ending in 11 Literature * ''Eleven'' (novel), a 2006 novel by British author David Llewellyn *''Eleven'', a 1970 collection of short stories by Patricia Highsmith *''Eleven'', a 2004 children's novel in The Winnie Years by Lauren Myracle *''Eleven'', a 2008 children's novel by Patricia Reilly Giff *''Eleven'', a short story by Sandra Cisneros Music *Eleven (band), an American rock band * Eleven: A Music Company, an Australian record label * Up to eleven, an idiom from popular culture, coined in the movie ''This Is Spinal Tap'' Albums * ''11'' (The Smithereens album), 1989 * ''11'' (Ua album), 1996 * ''11'' (Bryan Adams album), 2008 * ''11'' (Sault album), 2022 * ''Eleven'' (Harry Connick, Jr. album), 1992 * ''Eleven'' (22-Pistepirkko album), 1998 * ''Eleven'' (Sugarcult album), 1999 * ''Eleven'' (B'z album), 2000 * ''Eleven'' (Ream ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tweed Court Portico Straight Sun Jeh
Tweed is a rough, woollen fabric, of a soft, open, flexible texture, resembling cheviot or homespun, but more closely woven. It is usually woven with a plain weave, twill or herringbone structure. Colour effects in the yarn may be obtained by mixing dyed wool before it is spun. Tweeds are an icon of traditional Scottish, Irish, Welsh and English clothing, being desirable for informal outerwear, due to the material being moisture-resistant and durable. Tweeds are made to withstand harsh climates and are commonly worn for outdoor activities such as shooting and hunting, in England, Wales, Ireland and Scotland. In Ireland, tweed manufacturing is now most associated with County Donegal but originally covered the whole country. In Scotland, tweed manufacturing is most associated with the Isle of Harris in the Hebrides. Etymology The original name of the cloth was ''tweel'', Scots for twill, the material being woven in a twilled rather than a plain pattern. A traditional story ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
