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Noril'sk
Norilsk ( rus, Нори́льск, p=nɐˈrʲilʲsk) is a closed city in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia, located south of the western Taymyr Peninsula, around 90 km east of the Yenisey River and 1,500 km north of Krasnoyarsk. Norilsk is 300 km north of the Arctic Circle and 2,400 km from the North Pole. It has a permanent population of 176,735 as of 2024, and up to 220,000 including temporary inhabitants. It is the second-largest city in the region after Krasnoyarsk. Since 2016, Norilsk's population has grown steadily. In 2017, for the first time, migration to the city exceeded outflow. In 2018, according to Krasnoyarskstat, natural population growth amounted to 1,357 people: 2,381 were born, and 1,024 died. It is the world's northernmost city with more than 180,000 inhabitants, and the second-largest city (after Murmansk) inside the Arctic Circle. Norilsk and Yakutsk are the only large cities in the continuous permafrost zone. Norilsk is located atop some of the largest nickel depo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Krasnoyarsk Krai
Krasnoyarsk Krai (, ) is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject (a krai) of Russia located in Siberia. Its administrative center is the types of inhabited localities in Russia, city of Krasnoyarsk, the second-largest city in Siberia after Novosibirsk. Comprising half of the Siberian Federal District, Krasnoyarsk Krai is the largest krai in Russia, the list of subdivisions of Russia by area, second-largest federal subject in the country after neighboring Sakha Republic, Sakha, and the list of the largest country subdivisions by area, third-largest country subdivision by area in the world. The krai covers an area of , constituting roughly 13% of Russia's total area. Krasnoyarsk Krai has a population of 2,856,971 as of the 2021 Russian census, 2021 census. Geography The krai lies in the middle of Siberia, and occupies nearly half of the Siberian Federal District, almost splitting it in half, stretching from the Sayan Mountains in the south along the Yenisei River to the Tay ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cobalt
Cobalt is a chemical element; it has Symbol (chemistry), symbol Co and atomic number 27. As with nickel, cobalt is found in the Earth's crust only in a chemically combined form, save for small deposits found in alloys of natural meteoric iron. The free element, produced by reductive smelting, is a hard, lustrous, somewhat brittle, gray metal. Cobalt-based blue pigments (cobalt blue) have been used since antiquity for jewelry and paints, and to impart a distinctive blue tint to glass. The color was long thought to be due to the metal bismuth. Miners had long used the name ''kobold ore'' (German language, German for ''goblin ore'') for some of the blue pigment-producing minerals. They were so named because they were poor in known metals and gave off poisonous arsenic-containing fumes when smelted. In 1735, such ores were found to be reducible to a new metal (the first discovered since ancient times), which was ultimately named for the ''kobold''. Today, some cobalt is produced sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikolay Urvantsev
Nikolay Nikolayevich Urvantsev (; – 20 February 1985) was a Soviet geologist and explorer. He was born in the town of Lukoyanov in the Lukoyanovsky Uyezd of the Nizhny Novgorod Governorate of the Russian Empire to the family of a merchant. He graduated from the Tomsk Engineering Institute in 1918. Urvantsev was among the discoverers of the Norilsk coal basin and Norilsk copper-nickel ore region in 1919-1922 and was among the founders of Norilsk town. Overview Career In 1922, while leading a geological expedition, Urvantsev found evidence of the mysteriously disappeared Amundsen's 1918 Arctic expedition crew members Peter Tessem and Paul Knutsen. Urvantsev recovered the mail and scientific data that the two ill-fated Norwegians had been carrying. The valuable documents were lying abandoned on the Kara Sea shore near the mouth of the Zeledeyeva River.William Barr, ''The Last Journey of Peter Tessem and Paul Knutsen'', 1919 In 1930-1932 Urvantsev, together with Georgy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fedor Bogdanovich Schmidt
Carl Friedrich Schmidt (, Fyodor Bogdanovich Schmidt; also known as Friedrich Schmidt; in Kaisma, Livonia – in Saint Petersburg) was a Baltic German geologist and botanist in the Russian Empire. He is acknowledged as the founder of Estonian geology. In the mid-19th century, he researched Estonian oil shale, kukersite, and named it after Kuckers. Main papers of Friedrich Schmidt research the stratigraphy and fauna of Lower Palaeozoic rocks in Estonia and the neighboring areas. In 1885 he became academician of St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. He won the Wollaston Medal, awarded by the Geological Society of London The Geological Society of London, known commonly as the Geological Society, is a learned society based in the United Kingdom. It is the oldest national geological society in the world and the largest in Europe, with more than 12,000 Fellows. Fe ..., in 1902. Friedrich Schmidt was the first European to "discover" the Sakhalin Fir on the Russian island of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Von Middendorff
Alexander Theodor von Middendorff (; 18 August 1815 – 24 January 1894) was a Russian zoologist and explorer of Baltic German and Estonian extraction. He was known for his expedition in 1843–45 to the extreme north and east of Siberia, describing the effects of permafrost on the spread of animals and plants. Early life Middendorff's mother, Sophia Johanson (1782–1868), the daughter of an Estonian farmer, had been sent to Saint Petersburg for education by her parents. There, she met with the future director of the St. Petersburg Pedagogical Institute, Theodor Johann von Middendorff (1776–1856), whose father was a Baltic German pastor in Karuse, Estonia. As the two young people came from different social ranks and were unable to marry each other, their daughter Anette (b. 1809) and son Alexander were born out of wedlock. Alexander was born on 18 August 1815 in St. Petersburg, but could not be baptized until six months later in the Estonian Lutheran Congregation of St. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khariton Laptev
Khariton Prokofievich Laptev (; 1700–1763) was a Russian naval officer and Arctic explorer. Biography Khariton Laptev was born in a gentry family, Laptev family which was a branch of the Lopukhin family, in the village of Pokarevo near Velikiye Luki (in the southern part of today's Pskov Oblast), just a year before his cousin Dmitry Laptev was born in the nearby village of Bolotovo. Khariton Laptev started his career in the Russian Navy as a cadet in 1718. By 1730, he was already in charge of a military ship, and in 1734 participated in the siege of Gdańsk. In 1739–1742, Khariton Laptev led one of the parties of the Second Kamchatka expedition. Together with Semion Chelyuskin, N. Chekin, and G. Medvedev, Laptev described the Taimyr Peninsula from the mouth of the Khatanga River to the mouth of the Pyasina river and discovered a few of the islands in the area. After the expedition, he participated in the creation of the "General Map of the Siberian and Kamchatka Coast ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mountain
A mountain is an elevated portion of the Earth's crust, generally with steep sides that show significant exposed bedrock. Although definitions vary, a mountain may differ from a plateau in having a limited summit area, and is usually higher than a hill, typically rising at least above the surrounding land. A few mountains are inselberg, isolated summits, but most occur in mountain ranges. mountain formation, Mountains are formed through tectonic plate, tectonic forces, erosion, or volcanism, which act on time scales of up to tens of millions of years. Once mountain building ceases, mountains are slowly leveled through the action of weathering, through Slump (geology), slumping and other forms of mass wasting, as well as through erosion by rivers and glaciers. High elevations on mountains produce Alpine climate, colder climates than at sea level at similar latitude. These colder climates strongly affect the Montane ecosystems, ecosystems of mountains: different elevations hav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daldykan
The Daldykan ( or Долдыкан ''Doldykan'') is a river close to Norilsk in Taymyrsky Dolgano-Nenetsky District, Krasnoyarsk Krai in Russia, a right tributary of the Ambarnaya. It is long, and has a drainage basin of . The Daldykan has been regularly polluted by nickel industry, namely from Nornickel; as a result the river's water has turned red. May 2020 diesel spill In May 2020, 17,500 tonnes of diesel fuel spilt into the river from a power plant. Russia's president, Vladimir Putin, declared a state of emergency A state of emergency is a situation in which a government is empowered to put through policies that it would normally not be permitted to do, for the safety and protection of its citizens. A government can declare such a state before, during, o ....Kristina IvanovRussian Arctic Rivers Run Red, Causing a State of Emergency I Heart Intelligence Jun 5, 2020 References Rivers of Krasnoyarsk Krai {{Siberia-river-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Snezhnogorsk, Krasnoyarsk Krai
Snezhnogorsk () is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) under the administrative jurisdiction of Tsentralny City District of the krai city of Norilsk in Norilsk Urban District, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia. History Snezhnogorsk was founded in 1963 as a settlement for the workers building the Ust-Khantaika hydroelectric plant. Snezhnogorsk got its name during construction, when the first house built was covered with snow up to the roof. The status of an urban-type settlement has been granted in 1964. The city-forming enterprise is Ust-Khantai Hydroelectric Power Station with a capacity of 451 MW. Transportation Snezhnogorsk is a remote settlement with no ground transport available to reach it. The settlement is connected by air with Norilsk and Igarka. In 2006, the airport located in the village was disbanded and the terminal building was burned down. Airplane communication between Snezhnogorsk and Norilsk thence ceased to exist. Helicopter flights are operated wee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kayerkan
Kayerkan (), located in the northern part of Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia and in the southern part of the Taymyr Peninsula, was a town under jurisdiction of Norilsk Norilsk ( rus, Нори́льск, p=nɐˈrʲilʲsk) is a closed city in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia, located south of the western Taymyr Peninsula, around 90 km east of the Yenisei, Yenisey River and 1,500 km north of Krasnoyarsk. Norilsk is 300 ... in 1982–2005. In 2005, the town was incorporated into Norilsk, even though it is located 20 km away from its center. Population: 27,116 ( 2002 Census); 27,881 ( 1989 Census). History The settlement of Kayerkan was established in 1943 in relation with coal mining in the area. It was granted status of work settlement in 1957, and that of a town in 1982. Population References Geography of Krasnoyarsk Krai Former cities in Russia {{KrasnoyarskKrai-geo-stub Norilsk Urban Okrug ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Talnakh
Talnakh ( rus, Тална́х, p=tɐɫˈnax) is a district (''raion'') of Norilsk, located about north of the Central District at the foot of the Putorana Mountains in Taymyr Peninsula, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia. Formerly a town, it was merged into Norilsk in 2005. Population: It is the site of the mines serving the production of nickel Nickel is a chemical element; it has symbol Ni and atomic number 28. It is a silvery-white lustrous metal with a slight golden tinge. Nickel is a hard and ductile transition metal. Pure nickel is chemically reactive, but large pieces are slo ... and other metals in Norilsk's metallurgical industry. The mineral talnakhite is named after Talnakh. Population See also * Northernmost settlements References Geography of Krasnoyarsk Krai Populated places of Arctic Russia Road-inaccessible communities of Krasnoyarsk Krai Socialist planned cities {{KrasnoyarskKrai-geo-stub Former cities in Russia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siberian Craton
Siberia, also known as Siberian Craton, Angaraland (or simply Angara) and Angarida, is an ancient craton in the heart of Siberia. Today forming the Central Siberian Plateau, it formed an independent landmass prior to its fusion into Pangea during the Late Carboniferous-Permian. The Verkhoyansk Sea, a passive continental margin, was fringing the Siberian Craton to the east in what is now the East Siberian Lowland. Angaraland was named in the 1880s by Austrian geologist Eduard Suess who erroneously believed that in the Paleozoic Era there were two large continents in the Northern Hemisphere: "Atlantis", which was North America connected to Europe via a peninsula (Greenland and Iceland), and "Angara-land", which would have been eastern Asia, named after the Angara River in Siberia. Precambrian history About 2.5 billion years ago (in the Siderian Period), Siberia was part of a continent called Arctica, along with the Canadian Shield. Around 1.1 billion years ago (in the Stenian Period ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
