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National Railway Locomotive Engineers' Union
The was a Japanese trade union, which was usually referred to as Dōrō (動労) in Japanese. History Foundation to 1980 Dōrō (National Railway Locomotive Engineers' Union) split from the National Railway Workers' Union (Kokuro) in 1951. It was considered to be more left-leaning. Dōrō was a major union, along with Kokuro, representing workers who worked for Japanese National Railways (JNR). In the late 1960s, managers at the Japanese National Railways tried to pressurise members to defect to the more moderate Japan Railway Workers' Union (Tetsuro), but this was largely unsuccessful and instead led the union to become more militant. In 1974, the Dōrō national leadership expelled several branches in Hokkaido area that had not supported Dōrō's political campaign for the Socialist Party' National Parliament candidates. Expelled branches formed the All Japan National Railway Locomotive Engineers' Union (Zendōrō). In 1979 the Chiba prefecture chapter of the union split off ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japan Confederation Of Railway Workers' Unions
The is a Japanese trade union, which is usually referred to as in Japanese. History The union was founded on 2 February 1987, with the merger of the National Railway Locomotive Engineers' Union (Doro) and the Japan Railway Workers' Union (Tetsuro). The merger was in response to the privatisation of Japanese National Railways, of which both unions were broadly supportive. It affiliated to the Japanese Trade Union Confederation. In 1992, many former Tetsuro members split away, in protest at the union considering the possibility of strikes, and formed the rival Japan Railway Trade Unions Confederation. In 1996, the union had 70,710 members, but by 2020, this had fallen to only 22,561. In 2010, a complaint was lodged in the Diet that JR-Soren was being financially controlled by the Japan Revolutionary Communist League (Revolutionary Marxist Faction). JR-Soren denied the charges. The charge was repeated by Kansei Nakano and confirmed by several weekly magazines. Composition JR-S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
General Council Of Trade Unions Of Japan
A general officer is an officer of high rank in the armies, and in some nations' air and space forces, marines or naval infantry. In some usages, the term "general officer" refers to a rank above colonel."general, adj. and n.". OED Online. March 2021. Oxford University Press. https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/77489?rskey=dCKrg4&result=1 (accessed May 11, 2021) The adjective ''general'' had been affixed to officer designations since the late medieval period to indicate relative superiority or an extended jurisdiction. French Revolutionary system Arab system Other variations Other nomenclatures for general officers include the titles and ranks: * Adjutant general * Commandant-general * Inspector general * General-in-chief * General of the Air Force (USAF only) * General of the Armies of the United States (of America), a title created for General John J. Pershing, and subsequently granted posthumously to George Washington and Ulysses S. Grant * (" general admiral ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trade Union
A trade union (British English) or labor union (American English), often simply referred to as a union, is an organization of workers whose purpose is to maintain or improve the conditions of their employment, such as attaining better wages and Employee benefits, benefits, improving Work (human activity), working conditions, improving safety standards, establishing complaint procedures, developing rules governing status of employees (rules governing promotions, just-cause conditions for termination) and protecting and increasing the bargaining power of workers. Trade unions typically fund their head office and legal team functions through regularly imposed fees called ''union dues''. The union representatives in the workforce are usually made up of workplace volunteers who are often appointed by members through internal democratic elections. The trade union, through an elected leadership and bargaining committee, bargains with the employer on behalf of its members, known as t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Railway Workers' Union
The is a Japanese trade union, which is usually referred to as in Japanese. Historically, Kokurō represented many of the workers who worked for Japanese National Railways (JNR), from which the union derived its name. For several decades in the postwar period, Kokurō was one of the most powerful unions in Japan, with a membership in the hundreds of thousands, before falling into decline. As of 2016, Kokurō had just 9,000 members. History Kokurō was established in February 1946 in preparation for the establishment of the nationwide, state-run railway Japan National Railways (JNR), organizing more than 96% of JNR employees. Originally a confederation of local and regional unions, Kokurō was reorganized into a single organization in June 1946. In early 1946, the newly legalized Japan Communist Party sought to establish a rival labor movement to the more conservative Sōdōmei federation. To this end, it began to infiltrate the upper ranks of major labor unions, including Kokur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese National Railways
The , abbreviated JNR or , was the business entity that operated Japan's national railway network from 1949 to 1987. Network Railways As of June 1, 1949, the date of establishment of JNR, it operated of narrow gauge () railways in all 46 prefectures of Japan. This figure expanded to in 1981 (excluding Shinkansen), but later reduced to as of March 31, 1987, the last day of JNR. JNR operated both passenger and freight services. Shinkansen Shinkansen, the world's first high-speed railway was debuted by JNR in 1964. By the end of JNR in 1987, four lines had been constructed: ; Tōkaidō Shinkansen: , completed in 1964 ; Sanyō Shinkansen: , completed in 1975 ; Tōhoku Shinkansen: , as of 1987 ; Jōetsu Shinkansen: , completed in 1982 Buses JNR operated bus lines as feeders, supplements or substitutions of railways. The JR Bus companies are the successors of the bus operation of JNR. Ships JNR operated ferries to connect railway networks separated by sea or to meet other ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japan Railway Workers' Union
The Japan Railway Workers' Union (, Tetsuro) was a trade union representing workers on the Japanese National Railways (JNR). The union was founded on 20 October 1968, with the merger of the various affiliates of the Japanese Federation of National Railway Workers' Unions. Like that federation, it affiliated to the Japanese Confederation of Labour, and by 1970, it had 73,064 members. The union was considered to be on the right wing of the movement, opposing political activism and working closely with management. Initially, managers at JNR tried to pressurise members of rival unions to join the more compliant Tetsuro, but this was largely unsuccessful and led the other unions to become more militant. In response to the privatisation of JNR, on 2 February 1987, Tetsuro merged with the National Railway Locomotive Engineers' Union (Doro), to form the Japan Confederation of Railway Workers' Unions The is a Japanese trade union, which is usually referred to as in Japanese. Hist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
All Japan National Railway Locomotive Engineers' Union
The All Japan National Railway Locomotive Engineers' Union (, Zendōrō) was a trade union representing railway workers in Japan. The union's origins lay in the National Railway Locomotive Engineers' Union (Dōrō). In 1973, Dōrō's leadership called for votes for the Socialist Party of Japan, but a minority group preferred to back the Communist Party of Japan (KPJ). This group was expelled, and in 1974 founded Zendoro. By 1975, the new union had 3,500 members, but this steadily declined, and by 1990, membership was down to only 1,401. It remained unaffiliated until 1989, when it joined the new National Confederation of Trade Unions. In 1999, it merged with the Construction and Rural and General Workers' Union and the All Japan Transport and General Workers' Union, to form the All Japan Construction, Transport and General Workers' Union.UNHCR websit2012 Annual Survey of Violations of Trade Union Rights - Japan. June 6, 2012Retrieved on August 9, 2012, archived with archive.to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chiba Prefecture
is a Prefectures of Japan, prefecture of Japan located in the Kantō region of Honshu. Chiba Prefecture has a population of 6,278,060 (1 June 2019) and has a geographic area of . Chiba Prefecture borders Ibaraki Prefecture to the north, Saitama Prefecture to the northwest, and Tokyo to the west. Chiba (city), Chiba is the capital and largest city of Chiba Prefecture, with other major cities including Funabashi, Matsudo, Ichikawa, Chiba, Ichikawa and Kashiwa. Chiba Prefecture is located on Japan's eastern Pacific Ocean, Pacific coast to the east of Tokyo, and is part of the Greater Tokyo Area, the most populous metropolitan area in the world. Chiba Prefecture largely consists of the Bōsō Peninsula, which encloses the eastern side of Tokyo Bay and separates it from Kanagawa Prefecture. Chiba Prefecture is home to Narita International Airport, the Tokyo Disney Resort, and the Keiyō Industrial Zone. Etymology The name of Chiba Prefecture in Japanese is formed from two kanji char ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Railway Chiba Motive Power Union
is a Japanese trade union, which is usually referred to as . It has also been referred to as the Chiba Motormen's Union in English. It split from the National Railway Motive Power Union (Doro) in 1979. History Doro founding Doro split from the National Railway Workers' Union (Kokuro) in 1951, and was considered to be more left-leaning. It was a major union, along with Kokuro, representing workers who worked for Japanese National Railways (JNR). Doro-Chiba split from Doro In 1979, the Chiba Prefecture chapter of Doro split off to form an independent union, which became known as Doro-Chiba. It split off after its executive committee members had been expelled from Doro because of their support for Sanrizuka-Shibayama Union to Oppose the Airport. November 28, 1985 strike As of 1985, the union had 1,100 members, and on November 28, 1985, it staged a strike to protest against the plans of the Prime Minister Yasuhiro Nakasone's government to privatize JNR and lay off workers. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Narita International Airport
, also known as Tokyo-Narita International Airport or simply Narita Airport, formerly and originally known as , is the secondary international airport serving the Greater Tokyo Area, the only other one being Haneda Airport (HND). It is about east of central Tokyo in Narita, Chiba. The facility, since July 2019, covers 1,137 hectares (2,810 acres) of land and construction to expand to nearly 2,300 ha (5,700 acres) is under way. The conceptualization of Narita was highly controversial and remains so to the present day, especially among local residents in the area. This has led to the Sanrizuka Struggle, stemming from the government's decision to construct the airport without consulting most residents in the area, as well as expropriating their lands in the process. Even after the airport was eventually completed, air traffic movements have been controlled under various noise related operating restrictions due to its direct proximity with residential neighborhoods, including a hou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japan Railways Group
The Japan Railways Group, commonly known as the or simply JR, is a network of railway companies in Japan formed after the Corporate spin-off, division and privatization of the government-owned Japanese National Railways (JNR) on April 1, 1987. The group comprises six regional Passenger train, passenger railway companies, one Rail freight transport, freight railway company, and two non-service entities. The Japanese National Railway Settlement Corporation, JNR Settlement Corporation assumed much of the debt of the former JNR. The companies of the JR Group operates a significant portion of Japan’s rail services, including intercity routes, commuter lines, and the Shinkansen high-speed rail network. Hokkaido Railway Company, JR Hokkaido, Shikoku Railway Company, JR Shikoku, and Japan Freight Railway Company, JR Freight (JRF) are governed by the , also known as the JR Companies Act, and are overseen by the public Japan Railway Construction, Transport and Technology Agency, Japan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
JNR Settlement Corporation
The , or JNRSC, was a temporary holding company created to distribute the assets of the former Japanese National Railways (JNR) after its privatization in the mid-1980s. On October 22, 1998, the JNRSC was disbanded and placed under the Japan Railway Construction Public Corporation, JRCC, and its assets were transferred. Currently, the Japan Railway Construction, Transport and Technology Agency holds the liabilities and assets of the JNRSC. The goal of disbanding the JNR was to privatize the newly created JR satellite companies, known collectively as the JR Group. Each of the seven companies was created as a kabushiki gaisha with the Japanese government as sole shareholder. Currently, JR East, JR West, JR Central and JR Kyushu are entirely privatized. JNRSC still holds titles to the remaining three JR Group companies, Hokkaido Railway Company (JR Hokkaido), Shikoku Railway Company (JR Shikoku), and the Japan Freight Railway Company (JR Freight). Debt In 1987, when the privati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
