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National Democratic State
A national democratic state is a state formation that is the result of specific Base and superstructure, base and superstructural relation that exists in that given state, according to Marxism–Leninism, Marxist–Leninist theory. The ideological concept was first formulated in the Soviet Union, and it was intended as a tool for Soviet foreign policy as well as communist parties in Third World countries trying to seize power. The Soviets designated both communist states and non-communist states as national democratic states, for example, the communist state of the People's Republic of Angola and the non-communist state of Gamal Abdel Nasser's Egypt. Theoretical origins After World War II, the Western world was divided into two blocs: a capitalist bloc led by the United States and a communist bloc headed by the Soviet Union. In response to the decolonisation of the Third World and the rise of Liberation movement, national liberation movements in the post-World War II era, Soviet t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Base And Superstructure
In Marxist theory, societies A society () is a group of individuals involved in persistent social interaction or a large social group sharing the same spatial or social territory, typically subject to the same political authority and dominant cultural expectations. ... consist of two parts: the base (or substructure) and superstructure. The base refers to the mode of production which includes the Forces of production, forces and relations of production (e.g. employer–employee work conditions, the technical division of labour, and property relations) into which people enter to produce the necessities and amenities of life. The superstructure refers to society's other relationships and ideas not directly relating to production (economics), production including its culture, institutions, roles, rituals, religion, media (communication), media, and State (polity), state. The relation of the two parts is not strictly unidirectional. The superstructure can affect the base ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
20th Congress Of The Communist Party Of The Soviet Union
The 20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union () was held during the period 14–25 February 1956. It is known especially for First Secretary Nikita Khrushchev's " Secret Speech", which denounced the personality cult and dictatorship of Joseph Stalin. Delegates at this Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union were given no warning of what to expect. Indeed, proceedings were opened by First Secretary Khruschev's call for all to stand in memory of the Communist leaders who had died since the previous Congress, in which he mentioned Stalin in the same breath as Klement Gottwald. Hints of a new direction only came out gradually over the next ten days, which had the effect of leaving those present highly perplexed. The Polish communist leader Bolesław Bierut died in Moscow shortly after attending the 20th Congress. The Congress elected the 133 (full voting) Members and 122 (non-voting) Candidate members of the 20th Central Committee. Secret speech ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Problems Of Socialist Orientation
A problem is a difficulty which may be resolved by problem solving. Problem(s) or The Problem may also refer to: People * Problem (rapper), (born 1985) American rapper Books * ''Problems'' (Aristotle), an Aristotelian (or pseudo-Aristotelian) collection of problems in question and answer form * ''The Problem'' (play), by A. R. Gurney Film and TV * ''Problems'' (TV series), a 2012 Australian comedy television series. * '' The Problem with Jon Stewart'', a former American current affairs television series. Music Albums * ''The Problem'' (album), by Mathematics * ''Problems'' (album), a 2019 album by The Get Up Kids Songs * "Problem" (Ariana Grande song), 2014 * "Problems" (Matt Corby song), 2022 * "Problem" (Natalia Kills song), 2013 * "Problems" (The Everly Brothers song), 1958 *"Fuckin' Problems", sometimes known as "Problems", a 2012 song by A$AP Rocky *"Problem", by Becky G *"Problem", by Erin Bowman *"Problem", by Šarlo Akrobata from '' Bistriji ili tuplji čovek biva ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Non-capitalist Way Of Development
The Non-Capitalist Way of Development (NCWD) or The Non-Capitalist Path or The Non‐Capitalist Road is a development theory which was proposed by theorists from the socialist bloc, as an alternative political economy to capitalist and imperialist development strategies. Background After World War II, a wave of decolonization led to the emergence of many newly independent nations that faced poverty, underdevelopment, and the challenges of Cold War politics. While these countries sought to modernize, they were wary of adopting Western capitalist models, fearing this would reinforce economic dependency and neocolonialism. This skepticism grew as many of these nations adopted non-aligned stances, avoiding alignment with either the United States or the Soviet Union. NCWD was therefore originally promoted by the Soviet Union during the Cold War as an alternative development path for these newly decolonized countries to modernize without fully embracing capitalism or immediately trans ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
State Of Socialist Orientation
In the political terminology of the former Soviet Union, the state of socialist orientation (), also called socialist-leaning state and socialist-oriented state, were the post-colonial Third World countries which the Soviet Union recognized as adhering to the ideas of socialism in the Marxist–Leninist understanding. As a result, these countries received significant economic and military support. Trenin, Dmitri (2011). ''Post-Imperium: A Eurasian Story''. Carnegie Endowment for International Peacep. 144 In Soviet press, these states were also called "countries on the path of the construction of socialism" () and "countries on the path of the socialist development" (). All these terms meant to draw a distinction from the true socialist states (in Marxist–Leninist understanding)."Sotsialisticheskaya oriyentatsiya" (in Russi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Revolutionary Democracy
Democratic Revolution () was a Chilean centre-left to left-wing political party, founded in 2012 by some of the leaders of the 2011 Chilean student protests, most notably the current Deputy Giorgio Jackson, who is also the most popular public figure of the party. Their principles were based on advocating for participative democracy and the overcoming of neoliberalism in Chile. History The movement was founded on January 7, 2012, adding up to more than 4000 supporters in the first week. They presented three candidates for the 2013 Chilean parliamentary election, winning one seat in the Chamber of Deputies, the former student leader Giorgio Jackson. They did not support any of the presidential candidates, although the majority of the movement decided to request the vote for Michelle Bachelet in the second round of the election. The same year, the movement elected their first Executive Committee, led by Miguel Crispi and Sebastián Depolo. In mid-2015, the members of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Secretariat Of The Communist Party Of The Soviet Union
The Secretariat of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) was responsible for managing and directing the day-to-day operations of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, while the Politburo was charged with the policy-making aspects of the party. The Secretariat was a component agency of the party's Central Committee. Overview The members of the Secretariat were elected by the Communist Party's Central Committee, although in all but the first years of its existence the elections were a formality since decisions were made by the senior leadership before the voting. The General Secretary of the CPSU, who was also a Politburo member, was the leader of the Secretariat and of the Party. Dual membership in the Secretariat and the Politburo was in practice reserved for two or three very senior members of the Soviet leadership, and in the post- Stalin era (after March 1953) was a stepping-stone to ultimate power. The last five Soviet leaders (Nikita K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Department Of The Communist Party Of The Soviet Union
The International Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was a department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union that oversaw the Party's relationships with foreign Communist Parties as well as with international communist front organizations. History It inherited the files and some of the personnel of the Communist International, which disbanded in 1943. The International Department was founded in 1943 at roughly the same time as the Comintern's dissolution. The Party's relations with international front groups was managed by the Department's International Social Organizations Sector. Leadership *1943, 27 December – 1945, 29 December: Georgi Dimitrov *1946, 13 April – 1949, 12 March: Mikhail Suslov *1949 – 1953: Vagan Grigoryan *1953 – 1954: Mikhail Suslov *1954 – 1955: Vasily Stepanov *1955 – 1986: Boris Ponomarev (the first deputy director from 1938 to 1955, deputy director of the Cominform from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
21st Congress Of The Communist Party Of The Soviet Union
The 21st Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union took place in Moscow, USSR 27 January - 5 February 1959. It was a mid-term or "Extraordinary" Congress, timed so that Khrushchev could try to consolidate his power over rivals in the Anti-Party Group after their attempted removal of him in 1957. The Seven-Year Plan of economic development In economics, economic development (or economic and social development) is the process by which the economic well-being and quality of life of a nation, region, local community, or an individual are improved according to targeted goals and object ... was adopted. The seven-year plan At the projected rate of growth, Soviet textile production would, by the end of the seven-year plan, approach the level of the United States, both in total output and per capita. The total amount of capital construction investment stipulated in the seven-year plan was equivalent to the total capital construction investment of the Soviet Union over 40 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jawaharlal Nehru
Jawaharlal Nehru (14 November 1889 – 27 May 1964) was an Indian anti-colonial nationalist, secular humanist, social democrat, and statesman who was a central figure in India during the middle of the 20th century. Nehru was a principal leader of the Indian nationalist movement in the 1930s and 1940s. Upon India's independence in 1947, he served as the country's first prime minister for 16 years. Nehru promoted parliamentary democracy, secularism, and science and technology during the 1950s, powerfully influencing India's arc as a modern nation. In international affairs, he steered India clear of the two blocs of the Cold War. A well-regarded author, he wrote books such as '' Letters from a Father to His Daughter'' (1929), '' An Autobiography'' (1936) and '' The Discovery of India'' (1946), that have been read around the world. The son of Motilal Nehru, a prominent lawyer and Indian nationalist, Jawaharlal Nehru was educated in England—at Harrow School and T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bourgeois Nationalism
In Marxist theory, bourgeois nationalism is the ideology of the ruling capitalist class which aims to overcome class antagonism between proletariat and bourgeoisie by appealing to national unity. It is seen as a distraction from engaging in class struggle and an attempt to impose interests of capitalists on the proletariat by constructing capitalist interests as "national interests". Internationally, it aims to create antagonism between workers of different nations and serves as a divide-and-conquer strategy. The bourgeois nationalism is contrasted with left-wing nationalism and proletarian internationalism. Usage Soviet Union After the October Revolution, the Bolshevik government based its nationalities policy ( korenization) on the principles of Marxism. According to these principles, all nations should disappear with time, and nationalism was considered a bourgeois ideology. By the mid-1930s these policies were replaced with more extreme assimilationist and Russificat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anti-imperialism
Anti-imperialism in political science and international relations is opposition to imperialism or neocolonialism. Anti-imperialist sentiment typically manifests as a political principle in independence struggles against intervention or influence from a global superpower, as well as in opposition to colonial rule. Anti-imperialism can also arise from a specific economic theory, such as in the Leninist interpretation of imperialism (Vladimir Lenin's theory of surplus value being exported to less developed nations in search of higher profits, eventually leading to imperialism), which is derived from Lenin's 1917 work '' Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism''. People who categorize themselves as anti-imperialists often state that they are opposed to colonialism, colonial empires, hegemony, imperialism and the territorial expansion of a country beyond its established borders. The phrase gained a wide currency after the Second World War and at the onset of the Cold War as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
