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Mǎ Diào
''Madiao'' (), also ''ma diao'', ''ma tiu'' or ''ma tiao'', is a late imperial Chinese trick-taking gambling card game, also known as the game of ''paper tiger''. The deck used was recorded by Lu Rong in the 15th century and the rules later by Pan Zhiheng and Feng Menglong during the early 17th century.Lo, Andrew (2004), "China's Passion for Pai: Playing Cards, Dominoes, and Mahjong". In: Mackenzie, C. and Finkel, I., (eds.), ''Asian Games: The Art of Contest''. New York: Asia Society, pp. 216-231. Korean poet Jang Hon (1759-1828) wrote that the game dates back to the Yuan dynasty (1271-1368). It continued to be popular during the Qing dynasty until around the mid-19th century. It is played with 40 cards and four players. In Chinese, ''mǎ'' (马) means "horse" and ''diao'' (吊) means "hanged" or "lifted". The name of the game comes from the fact that three players team against the banker, like a horse raising one shoe (banker), with the other three remaining hooves on the ground ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
String Of Cash Coins (currency Unit)
A string of cash coins ( Traditional Chinese: , , ; ) refers to a historical Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Ryukyuan, and Vietnamese currency unit that was used as a superunit of the Chinese cash, Japanese mon, Korean mun, Ryukyuan mon, and Vietnamese văn currencies. The square hole in the middle of cash coins served to allow for them to be strung together in strings, the term would later also be used on banknotes and served there as a superunit of '' wén'' (). Prior to the Song dynasty strings of cash coins were called (), (), or (), while during the Ming and Qing dynasties they were called () or ().Chinesecoins.lyq.dWeights and units in Chinese coinageSection: “Guan 貫, Suo 索, Min 緡, Diao 吊, Chuan 串.” by Lars Bo Christensen. Retrieved: 05 February 2018. In Japan and Vietnam the term would continue to be used until the abolition of cash coins in those respective countries. During the Qing dynasty a string of 1000 cash coins and valued at 1 tael of s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tam Cúc
TAM may refer to: Biology * Thioacetamide, an organosulfur compound * Tumor-associated macrophage, a class of immune cells * Transparent Anatomical Manikin, an educational model Technology * Tanque Argentino Mediano, the main battle tank of Argentina * Technological Association Malaysia, a learned society * Technology acceptance model, an information systems theory * Teen Age Message, interstellar radio transmissions * Telecom Application Map * Telephone answering machine * Twentieth Anniversary Macintosh, a limited-edition personal computer released by Apple in 1997 Transportation * TAM – Transporte Aéreo Militar, Bolivian airline * TAM Air, a Georgian airline * Tovarna avtomobilov Maribor, a former Slovenian commercial vehicle manufacturer, * Transports de l'Agglomération de Montpellier (TaM), a public transport company in France * TAM Linhas Aéreas, the former name of LATAM Brasil * IATA airport code of General Francisco Javier Mina International Airport, Tampico, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tien Gow
Tien Gow or Tin Kau () is the name of Chinese gambling games played with either a pair of dice or a set of 32 Chinese dominoes. In these games, Heaven is the top rank of the civil suit, while Nine is the top rank of the military suit. The civil suit was originally called the Chinese (華) suit while the military suit was called the barbarian (夷) suit (see Wen and wu and Hua–Yi distinction) but this was changed during the Qing dynasty to avoid offending the ruling Manchus. The highly idiosyncratic and culture-specific suit-system of these games is likely the conceptual origin of suits, an idea that later is used for playing cards. Play is counter-clockwise. The ranks from highest to lowest are: *Civil: Heaven (6-6); Earth (1-1); Man (4-4); Harmony (1-3); Plum Flower (5-5); Long Threes (3-3); Bench (2-2); Tiger's Head (5-6); Red Head Ten (4-6); Long Leg Seven (1-6); Red Mallet Six (1-5) *Military: Nines (3-6 or 4-5); Eights (3-5 or 2-6); Sevens (2-5 or 3-4); Six (2-4); Fives ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Follow Suit
A trick-taking game is a card or tile-based game in which play of a '' hand'' centers on a series of finite rounds or units of play, called ''tricks'', which are each evaluated to determine a winner or ''taker'' of that trick. The object of such games then may be closely tied to the number of tricks taken, as in plain-trick games such as contract bridge, whist, and spades, or to the value of the cards contained in taken tricks, as in point-trick games such as pinochle, the tarot family, briscola, and most evasion games like hearts. Trick-and-draw games are trick-taking games in which the players can fill up their hands after each trick. In most variants, players are free to play any card into a trick in the first phase of the game, but must ''follow suit'' as soon as the stock is depleted. Trick-avoidance games like reversis or polignac are those in which the aim is to avoid taking some or all tricks. The domino game Texas 42 is an example of a trick-taking game that is not a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flush (cards)
A flush is a hand of playing cards where all cards are of the same suit. There are different types of flush, including straight, where the flush is formed from a run of cards in unbroken sequence of ranks. Flushes are one of the types of scoring hand in poker. Etymology The general meaning of the word flush is fullness or abundance, as there are similar meaning words in Dutch, French, Italian and Spanish. The words origin is 'fluxus' in Latin, which means 'flow'. Types of flush Certain games recognise different types of flush. For example, in poker, there are the following: at pokerstarschool.com. Retrieved 26 Aug 2021. * Flush: any 5 cards of the same suit * Straight flush: 5 consecutive cards of the same suit * Royal flush: an ace high straight flush, the highest possible straight flush * Nu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meld (cards)
In card games, a meld is a set of matching cards, typically three or more, that earn a player points and/or allow them to deplete their hand. Melds typically come in sequences of ascending cards belonging to the same suit known as '' runs'' () or ''sets/groups'' of cards of identical rank (). Other ones may be ''marriage'' (e.g. K and Q) and ''bezique'' (Q and J). Melding is typical in games of the rummy family, such as canasta and gin. It is also used in other games such as mahjong. Melds are also made in some trick-taking games, such as pinochle and bezique.Parlett (2008), pp. 287-291, 295-296. See also * Run (cards) * Set (cards) A set or group in card games is a scoring combination consisting of three or more playing cards of the same rank;Parlett (2008) p. 489. in some games, such as Bieten, a set may also comprise just two cards (a 'pair'). Description Sets are one ... References Bibliography * Parlett, David. ''The Penguin Book of Card Games''. London: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Banknote Seal (China)
A cash seal (; "''Baochao''" means "valuable money", "''Yin''" means "seal") is a type of seal used as an anti-counterfeiting measure on paper money or banknotes. The cash seal first appeared during the Song dynasty in China. The short name is ''Chao Yin'' (), and the full name is Seal of Baochao (), or ''Baochao Yinjian'' (). The name can also be simply translated as "money seal" or "banknote seal". History The economy of China during the Song dynasty outpaced the supply of traditional coinage, leading the government to issue banknotes (''Jiaozi'' (交子)) to increase the money supply. Subsequently, a government department was created to manage cash affairs, with its responsibilities including producing and issuing cash, and combating counterfeiting. The cash seal was developed as an anti-counterfeiting measure; official banknotes received a red, sometimes black or purple, stamp at their centres. This forced counterfeiters to attempt to replicate the seal, presumably lea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jiaochao
Jiaochao () is a Chinese word for banknote first used for the currency of the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty and later by the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty of China. Jin dynasty The Jurchens swept control over northern China, conquering the Liao dynasty and half of the Song dynasty by 1142. Initially they did not have a unique currency of their own but reused the coinage of the Liao or Southern Song dynasty coinage. In 1154, Wanyan Liang issued the Jiaochao banknotes three years before minting their own distinct coinage, a sequence in Chinese history that has never happened before or since. Jiaochao came in ten denominations. Small bills came in 100, 200, 300, 500, and 700 '' wén'' while large bills were in 1, 2, 3, 5, and 10 ''guàn''. Like previous Chinese notes, there was a fee for redeeming them for copper coins: 15 ''wén'' per ''guàn''. Jiaochao initially had an expiration period of seven years upon issue but in 1189 this was abolished, giving notes an indefinite lifespan. Like ot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jiaozi (currency)
Jiaozi () was a form of promissory note which appeared around the 11th century in the Sichuan capital of Chengdu, China. Numismatists regard it as the first paper money in history, a development of the Chinese Song Dynasty (960–1279 CE). Early Jiaozi notes did not have standard denominations but were denominated according to the needs of the purchaser and ranged from 500 '' wén'' to 5 '' guàn''. The government office that issued these notes or the Jiaozi wu () demanded a payment or exchange fee () of 30 wén per guàn exchanged from coins to banknote. The Jiaozi were usually issued biannually. In the region of Liang-Huai () these banknotes were referred to as Huaijiao (淮交) and were introduced in 1136 but their circulation stopped quickly after their introduction. Generally the lower the denominations of the Jiaozi the more popular they became, and as the government was initially unable to properly regulate their production, their existence eventually led to undesirably ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shi Nai'an
Shi Nai'an (, ca. 1296–1372) was a Chinese writer from the Yuan and early Ming periods. ''Shuihu zhuan'' (''Water Margin''), one of the Four Great Classical Novels of Chinese literature, is traditionally attributed to him. There are few reliable sources for his biography, much less his literary activity. Biography Little is known about Shi. Traditionally, it was believed that he was a teacher of Luo Guanzhong, the editor or author of ''Romance of the Three Kingdoms'', another of the Four Great Classical Novels. The recent Chinese scholar Ge Liangyan writes that little is known about Luo, and about Shi even less. Late Ming and early Qing scholars claimed that Shi lived near the end of the Yuan dynasty and that he was a native of Hangzhou, but they may have been echoing each other or citing the conjectures that they did not endorse. The early 20th century scholar Lu Xun thought that the name "Shi Nai'an" might have been invented by composers of a later edition of the novel. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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