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Mary Washington College
University of Mary Washington (UMW) is a public liberal arts university in Fredericksburg, Virginia. Established in 1908 as the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Fredericksburg, the institution later became known as Fredericksburg Teachers College, and was named Mary Washington College in 1938 after Mary Ball Washington, mother of the first president of the United States, George Washington. The General Assembly of Virginia changed the college's name to University of Mary Washington in 2004 to reflect the addition of graduate and professional programs to the central undergraduate curriculum, as well as the establishment of more than one campus. The university offers more than 60 graduate and undergraduate degree programs in three colleges: Arts and Sciences, Business, and Education. History On March 14, 1908, Virginia Governor Claude A. Swanson signed into law legislation for the establishment of the new State Normal and Industrial School for Women. It was calle ...
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Latin Language
Latin ( or ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally spoken by the Latins (Italic tribe), Latins in Latium (now known as Lazio), the lower Tiber area around Rome, Italy. Through the expansion of the Roman Republic, it became the dominant language in the Italian Peninsula and subsequently throughout the Roman Empire. It has greatly influenced many languages, Latin influence in English, including English, having contributed List of Latin words with English derivatives, many words to the English lexicon, particularly after the Christianity in Anglo-Saxon England, Christianization of the Anglo-Saxons and the Norman Conquest. Latin Root (linguistics), roots appear frequently in the technical vocabulary used by fields such as theology, List of Latin and Greek words commonly used in systematic names, the sciences, List of medical roots, suffixes and prefixes, medicine, and List of Latin legal terms ...
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Mary Ball Washington
Mary Washington (; ) was an American planter best known for being the mother of the first president of the United States, George Washington. The second wife of Augustine Washington, she became a prominent member of the Washington family. She spent a large part of her life in Fredericksburg, Virginia, where several monuments were erected in her honor and a university, along with other public buildings, bear her name. Early life Mary Ball was born sometime between 1707 and 1709 at either Epping Forest, her family's plantation in Lancaster County, Virginia, or at a plantation near the village of Simonson, Virginia. She was the only child of Col. Joseph Ball (1649–1711) and his second wife, Mary Johnson Ball (1672–1721). Her paternal grandfather was William Ball (1615–1680) who left Britain for Virginia in the 1650s. His wife, Hannah Atherold (1615–1695), arrived later along with their four children, including Mary's father Joseph, who had been born in England. Her father ...
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Catherine Fleming Bruce
Catherine Fleming Bruce (born December 3, 1961) is an American author, preservationist, and activist from South Carolina. She is a member of the Democratic Party. Early life and education Catherine Fleming Bruce was born in Kentucky and later moved to Columbia, South Carolina, where she was raised. Bruce received her bachelor's degree from Agnes Scott College in Decatur, Georgia and her master's degree in Journalism and Mass Communication from the University of South Carolina in Columbia. Bruce is the daughter of Emma Fleming and the late Louis Fleming, who served as Chairman of Sumter (SC) County Council. Political activism Bruce has advocated in coalition with other local and state chapters of national advocacy groups and community based groups. She has been active in the preservation of Richland County (SC) historic sites in connection to local leaders active during the Civil Rights Movement, particularly Black women. In 1995, Bruce founded the Collaborative for Communit ...
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Françoise Astorg Bollack
Françoise Astorg Bollack is an architect, educator, preservationist, and writer on architecture and preservation. Her activities bridge the fields of education, criticism and architectural practice. Her research focuses on the creative possibilities that arise from designing with existing and/or historic buildings. Her method is based on the analysis of successful (or simply intriguing) built work. Education * Diplôme d’Architecte from the École Spéciale d’Architecture in Paris, 1969 * Studied at the École Nationale Supérieure des Beaux Arts (ENSBA) with George Candilis * Worked in Paris for Marot-Tremblot Associés and for Marcel Astorg Architecte. * Worked in Mexico City for the architect Juan Sordo Madaleno, 1970 Life and work in New York City: 1970-present 1970-1981 Worked as a designer for: * I.M. Pei & Partners * Skidmore, Owings & Merrill * Mitchell Giurgola * Ulrich Franzen as the design coordinator for the Philip Morris Headquarters at 120 Park Avenue, ...
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Richard Longstreth
Richard W. Longstreth (born 4 March 1946, Pasadena) is an architectural historian and a professor at George Washington University where he directs the program in historic preservation. Longstreth received an A.B. in architecture from the University of Pennsylvania in 1968, and a Ph.D. in architectural history from the University of California, Berkeley in 1977. He taught at Kansas State University before joining the George Washington University faculty in 1983. Longstreth's career has focused in two areas: architectural history and historic preservation. His early scholarly work focused on the late nineteenth century architects of the San Francisco Bay Area and led to his book ''On the Edge of the World: Four Architects in San Francisco at the Turn of the Century'' (1983), but more recently he has focused on architecture in relationship to the decentralization of American cities. His book, ''City Center to Regional Mall: Architecture, the Automobile, and Retailing in Los Angeles, ...
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Mike Wallace (historian)
Mike Wallace (born July 22, 1942) is an American historian. He specializes in the history of New York City, and in the history and practice of "public history". In 1998 he co-authored ''Gotham: A History of New York City to 1898'', which in 1999 won the Pulitzer Prize in History. In 2017, he published a successor volume, ''Greater Gotham: A History of New York City from 1898 to 1919''. Wallace is a Distinguished Professor of History at John Jay College of Criminal Justice (City University of New York), and at the CUNY Graduate Center. Early life and education Wallace was born in Queens in 1942. The family moved to San Francisco in 1943 and returned to New York in 1949. He grew up in Fresh Meadows, Queens, Valley Stream, and Great Neck. Wallace went to Columbia College in 1960. On graduating in 1964 he stayed on at Columbia University for graduate studies. With historian Richard Hofstadter as his adviser, his dissertation examined the emergence of the two-party system. He wo ...
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Elizabeth Blackmar
Elizabeth Blackmar is an American historian, author, and professor who specializes in the social history of the American economy and infrastructure. Blackmar is known for her book ''The Park and the People: A History of Central Park'' co-written with Roy Rosenzweig. She is the Mary and David Boies Professor of American History at Columbia University. Early life and education Blackmar received a B.A. from Smith College in 1972 and a Ph.D. from Harvard University in 1981. Career Blackmar specializes in urban and social history. In 2011, Blackmar was recognized by the American Historical Association with its Nancy Lyman Roelker Mentorship Award. The prize committee noted that "from the evidence submitted in the supporting letters, it was clear that Dr. Blackmar set tone of friendship, openness, and trust from the very beginning of the relationship. Even when students were being firmly guided and directed, she was able to do it in a way that never felt intrusive to them. And tha ...
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Roy Rosenzweig
Roy Alan Rosenzweig (August 6, 1950 – October 11, 2007) was an American historian. He was the founder and director of the Center for History and New Media at George Mason University from 1994 until his death in October 2007 from lung cancer, aged 57. After his death, the center was renamed the Roy Rosenzweig Center for History and New Media in his honor. Early life and education Roy Alan Rosenzweig was born on August 6, 1950, in New York City and was raised in Bayside, Queens. He graduated from Columbia College with a Bachelor of Arts, ''magna cum laude'', in 1971 and received a fellowship to study history at St John's College, Cambridge. In 1978, Rosenzweig earned his Doctor of Philosophy in history from Harvard University. Career Rosenzweig was the co-author, with Elizabeth Blackmar, of ''The Park and the People: A History of Central Park'', which won several awards including the 1993 Historic Preservation Book Award and the 1993 Urban History Association Prize for B ...
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David Lowenthal
David Lowenthal (26 April 1923 – 15 September 2018) was an American historian and geographer, renowned for his work on heritage. He is credited with having made heritage studies a discipline in its own right. Biography David Lowenthal was born on 26 April 1923 in New York City to Max Lowenthal and Eleanor Mack (daughter of Julian Mack), and was also the brother of John Lowenthal and Betty Levin. Lowenthal graduated from the Lincoln School in New York, which encouraged interdisciplinary investigation. He went to Harvard University during the Second World War, studying across several disciplines but graduating with a Bachelor of Science degree in history in 1944. He returned to study for a Master of Arts degree in geography at the University of California, Berkeley, in 1950."Forbes Prize Lecture 2010"
In ...
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Virginia General Assembly
The Virginia General Assembly is the legislative body of the Commonwealth of Virginia, the oldest continuous law-making body in the Western Hemisphere, and the first elected legislative assembly in the New World. It was established on July 30, 1619. The General Assembly is a bicameral body consisting of a lower house, the Virginia House of Delegates, with 100 members, and an upper house, the Senate of Virginia, with 40 members. Senators serve terms of four years, and delegates serve two-year terms. Combined, the General Assembly consists of 140 elected representatives from an equal number of constituent districts across the commonwealth. The House of Delegates is presided over by the speaker of the House, while the Senate is presided over by the lieutenant governor of Virginia. The House and Senate each elect a clerk and sergeant-at-arms. The Senate of Virginia's clerk is known as the clerk of the Senate (instead of as the secretary of the Senate, the title used by the U. ...
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Women's Colleges In The United States
Women's colleges in the United States are private Single-sex education, single-sex higher education in the United States, U.S. institutions of higher education that only admit female students. They are often Liberal arts colleges in the United States, liberal arts colleges. There are approximately 26 active women's colleges in the United States in 2024, down from a peak of 281 such colleges in the 1960s. History Origins and types Education for girls and women was originally provided within the family, by local dame schools and public elementary schools, and at female seminaries found in every colony. Access to this education was however limited to women from families with the means to pay tuition and placed its focus on "ladylike" accomplishments rather than academic training. These seminaries or academies were usually small and often ephemeral. Founded by a single woman or small group of women, they often failed to outlive their founders. The different trajectories of early ...
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The Library Of Congress
The Library of Congress (LOC) is a research library in Washington, D.C., serving as the library and research service for the United States Congress and the ''de facto'' national library of the United States. It also administers Copyright law of the United States, copyright law through the United States Copyright Office, and it houses the Congressional Research Service. Founded in 1800, the Library of Congress is the oldest Cultural policy of the United States, federal cultural institution in the United States. It is housed in three buildings on Capitol Hill, adjacent to the United States Capitol, along with the National Audio-Visual Conservation Center in Culpeper, Virginia, and additional storage facilities at Fort Meade, Fort George G. Meade and Cabin Branch in Hyattsville, Maryland. The library's functions are overseen by the librarian of Congress, and its buildings are maintained by the architect of the Capitol. The LOC is one of the List of largest libraries, largest libra ...
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